Myosteatosis is associated with adiposity, metabolic derangements and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background/objectives: Myosteatosis has been associated with sarcopenia, and increased mortality risk in patients on hemodialysis. We aimed to explore the associations between myosteatosis, as assessed by computed tomography (CT), with demographic parameters, body composition metrics, muscle strength, metabolic parameters and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Subjects/methods: We enrolled 216 patients (age 60.

Balance and gait disorders in de novo Parkinson's disease: support for early rehabilitation.

Background: Postural instability is considered a late complication of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, growing evidence shows that balance and gait problems may occur early in the disease.

Objective: To describe balance, gait, and falls/near falls in persons with newly diagnosed, untreated PD ("de novo"), and to compare this with persons with mild-moderate PD (Later PD).

Inflammation and Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphism: Impact on All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in Mexican Women on Dialysis.

Mineral bone disease (MBD) is common in dialysis patients. Genetics and the hormonal environment influence the clinical picture and outcomes of women. This study aimed to determine how these factors affect mortality.

Dietary Needs, Barriers, and Facilitators Among Patients on Hemodialysis and Their Caregivers: The GoodRENal Project in Spain.

Objective: Dietary restrictions are common in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). These restrictions result in a complex diet that becomes difficult for patients to understand and to follow. Therefore, we aimed to identify dietary needs, barriers, and facilitators that influence the adherence to dietary recommendations as perceived by patients on HD and their caregivers.

Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Subgroups in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis with Medium Cutoff Membranes and High-Flux Membranes: THE SHE Continuation Study.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a significant global health burden, with increasing prevalence and high morbidity and mortality rates, particularly in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). While traditional risk factors contribute, the exact mechanisms remain elusive, with inflammation playing a pivotal role. Medium cutoff (MCO) membranes offer promise in improving dialysis outcomes by efficiently clearing uremic toxins without substantial albumin loss.

Gait Speed Reserve in the general population-based 'Good Aging in Skåne' cohort study-distribution and associated factors.

Gait Speed Reserve (GSR) expresses a difference between fast and comfortable gait speed and may have an impact on everyday functioning. It was also hypothesized as a useful proxy measure of physiological reserve. However, height-normalizing values of GSR and its associated factors have not been evaluated in a general population of older adults.

Remote monitoring of automated peritoneal dialysis reduces mortality, adverse events, and hospitalizations: a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background And Hypothesis: Remote monitoring (RM) of patients on automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) prevent complications and improve treatment quality. We analyzed the effect of RM-APD on mortality and complications related to cardiovascular disease (VD), fluid overload and insufficient dialysis efficiency.

Methods: In a cluster-randomized, open-label, controlled trial, 21 hospitals with APD programs were assigned to use either RM-APD (10 hospitals; 403 patients) or conventional APD (11 hospitals; 398 patients) for the treatment of adult patients starting PD.

Protein Intake and Mortality in Older Adults With Chronic Kidney Disease.

Importance: Avoiding high protein intake in older adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) may reduce the risk of kidney function decline, but whether it can be suboptimal for survival is not well known.

Objective: To estimate the associations of total, animal, and plant protein intake with all-cause mortality in older adults with mild or moderate CKD and compare the results to those of older persons without CKD.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Data from 3 cohorts (Study on Cardiovascular Health, Nutrition and Frailty in Older Adults in Spain 1 and 2 and the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen [in Sweden]) composed of community-dwelling adults 60 years or older were used.

Can one long peritoneal dwell with icodextrin replace two short dwells with glucose?

Background: Due to the slower dissipation of the osmotic gradient, icodextrin-based solutions, compared to glucose-based solutions, can improve water removal. We investigated scenarios where one icodextrin-based long dwell (Extraneal) replaced two glucose-based exchanges.

Methods: The three-pore model with icodextrin hydrolysis was used for numerical simulations of a single exchange to investigate the impact of different peritoneal dialysis schedules on fluid and solute removal in patients with different peritoneal solute transfer rates (PSTRs).

Interaction of general obesity and abdominal obesity with frailty in patients with chronic kidney disease: a nationally representative analysis.

Background: General and abdominal obesity are prevalent, with established associations to frailty in the elderly. However, few studies have investigated these associations in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), yielding inconsistent results.

Methods: This cross-sectional study analysed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2003-2018).

Hypoxic Inducible Factor Stabilization in Pericytes beyond Erythropoietin Production: The Good and the Bad.

The paracrine signaling pathways for the crosstalk between pericytes and endothelial cells are essential for the coordination of cell responses to challenges such as hypoxia in both healthy individuals and pathological conditions. Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), one of the causes of cellular dysfunction and death, is associated with increased expression of genes involved in cellular adaptation to a hypoxic environment. Hypoxic inducible factors (HIFs) have a central role in the response to processes initiated by IRI not only linked to erythropoietin production but also because of their participation in inflammation, angiogenesis, metabolic adaptation, and fibrosis.

Handgrip strength and mortality in a cohort of kidney failure patients: Comparative analysis of different normalization methods.

Objectives: Reduced handgrip strength (HGS) is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. We analyzed and compared associations of HGS with mortality risk in dialysis patients, using different normalization methods of HGS.

Methods: HGS and clinical and laboratory parameters were measured in a cohort of 446 incident dialysis patients (median age 56 y, 62% men).

Making the invisible visible: imaging techniques for assessing muscle mass and muscle quality in chronic kidney disease.

Muscle wasting and low muscle mass are prominent features of protein energy wasting (PEW), sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In addition, muscle wasting is associated with low muscle strength, impaired muscle function and adverse clinical outcomes such as low quality of life, hospitalizations and increased mortality. While assessment of muscle mass is well justified, the assessment of skeletal muscle should go beyond quantity.

A tool to predict the risk of lower extremity amputation in patients starting dialysis.

Background: Non-traumatic lower extremity amputation (LEA) is a severe complication during dialysis. To inform decision-making for physicians, we developed a multivariable prediction model for LEA after starting dialysis.

Methods: Data from the Swedish Renal Registry (SNR) between 2010 and 2020 were geographically split into a development and validation cohort.

The role of irisin in kidney diseases.

Irisin is a hormone that is produced mainly by skeletal muscles in response to exercise. It has been found to have a close correlation with obesity and diabetes mellitus for its energy expenditure and metabolic properties. Recent research has revealed that irisin also possesses anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic properties, which make it associated with major chronic diseases, such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), liver diseases, osteoporosis, atherosclerosis and Alzheimer s disease.

Epidemiology and Functional Impact of Early Peripheral Neuropathy Signs in Older Adults from a General Population.

Introduction: Peripheral neuropathy (PN) becomes more common with increasing life expectancy, but general population prevalence estimates are lacking. We investigated an epidemiological distribution of signs of PN among 2,996 community-dwelling participants in Good Aging in Skåne Study, age 60-97, and their impact on physical and autonomic function.

Methods: Signs of PN were measured with Utah Early Neuropathy Scale (UENS).

Automated Peritoneal Dialysis With Remote Patient Monitoring: Clinical Effects and Economic Consequences for Poland.

Objectives: Remote patient monitoring (RPM) of patients treated with automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) at home allows clinicians to supervise and adjust the dialysis process remotely. This study aimed to review recent scientific studies on the use of RPM in patients treated with APD and based on extracted relevant data assess possible clinical implications and potential economic value of introducing such a system into practice in Poland.

Methods: A systematic literature review was performed in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases.

Ultraprocessed foods and chronic kidney disease-double trouble.

High energy intake combined with low physical activity generates positive energy balance, which, when maintained, favours obesity, a highly prevalent morbidity linked to development of non-communicable chronic diseases, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). Among many factors contributing to disproportionately high energy intakes, and thereby to the obesity epidemic, the type and degree of food processing play an important role. Ultraprocessed foods (UPFs) are industrialized and quite often high-energy-dense products with added sugar, salt, unhealthy fats and food additives formulated to be palatable or hyperpalatable.

Needs, barriers and facilitators for a healthier lifestyle in haemodialysis patients: The GoodRENal project.

Background: Malnutrition, sedentary lifestyle, cognitive dysfunction and poor psychological well-being are often reported in patients on haemodialysis (HD).

Aims: We aimed to explore needs, barriers and facilitators-as perceived by patients, their carers, and healthcare professionals (HCPs) for increasing the adherence to the diet, to physical activity and cognition and psychological well-being.

Methods: This is an observational cross-sectional study following the STROBE statement.

Early outcomes of peritoneal dialysis in a middle-income country: A retrospective cohort study of a large dialysis network in Colombia.

Background: The first year of dialysis is critical given the significant risk for complications following dialysis initiation. We analysed complications during the first year among incident peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study comprised adult kidney failure patients starting PD in Baxter Renal Care Services in Colombia, receiving their first PD catheter between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2020 and were followed up for up to 1 year.