Forty years of successful national research collaboration in liver disease - the Swedish experience.

Aim: Sweden has historically provided a fruitful arena for research in clinical medicine. We here share 40 years of experience of collaboration in the Swedish hepatology research group (SWEHEP) (https://www.swehep.

[Health-related quality of life for patients with inflammatory bowel disease requires more than anti-inflammatory treatment].

The care of IBD patients aims to achieve the best possible health. The treatment goals in IBD should therefore, in addition to stable control of intestinal inflammation, also consider health-related quality of life (HRQL) and extraintestinal complications. Fatigue is an underrecognized array of symptoms that need more attention and, if possible, treatment.

Hypophosphatemia attenuates improvements in vitality after intravenous iron treatment in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Purpose: Iron deficiency anemia is common in people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), causing deterioration in quality of life, which can be reversed by treatment that increases iron stores and hemoglobin levels. The present post hoc analyses estimate health state utility values for patients with IBD after treatment with ferric derisomaltose or ferric carboxymaltose and evaluate the health domains driving the changes.

Methods: SF-36v2 responses were recorded at baseline and day 14, 35, 49, and 70 from 97 patients enrolled in the randomized, double-blind, PHOSPHARE-IBD trial (ClinicalTrials.

Carry-over effect of artificial light at night on daytime mating activity in an ecologically important detritivore, the amphipod Gammarus pulex.

Artificial light at night (ALAN) is a growing environmental problem influencing the fitness of individuals through effects on their physiology and behaviour. Research on animals has primarily focused on effects on behaviour during the night, whereas less is known about effects transferred to daytime. Here, we investigated in the lab the impact of ALAN on the mating behaviour of an ecologically important freshwater amphipod, Gammarus pulex, during both daytime and nighttime.

Urgent endovascular mycotic aortic arch aneurysm repair using in situ laser fenestration and selective arterial perfusion with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

In recent years, mycotic aortic aneurysms have been increasingly treated successfully by endovascular means. The introduction of custom-made fenestrated and branched devices, parallel graft techniques, and in situ fenestration has enabled total endovascular treatment also for arch pathologies. We describe a total endovascular repair of a mycotic arch aneurysm with in situ laser fenestration using venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation to preserve flow to vital organs.

A comparative effectiveness trial of functional behavioral assessment methods.

Clinicians report primarily using functional behavioral assessment (FBA) methods that do not include functional analyses. However, studies examining the correspondence between functional analyses and other types of FBAs have produced inconsistent results. In addition, although functional analyses are considered the gold standard, their contribution toward successful treatment compared with other FBA methods remains unclear.

Inspiratory and end-expiratory effects of lung recruitment in the prone position on dorsal lung aeration - new physiological insights in a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled study in post-cardiac surgery patients.

Background: Cardiac surgery produces dorso-basal atelectasis and ventilation/perfusion mismatch, associated with infection and prolonged intensive care. A postoperative lung volume recruitment manoeuvre to decrease the degree of atelectasis is routine. In patients with severe respiratory failure, prone positioning and recruitment manoeuvres may increase survival, oxygenation, or both.

Endometriosis pain and epistemic community: Mapping discourses in online discussions among sufferers.

We focused in this study on how the private experience of pain is made public through online discourse by sufferers of endometriosis. Empirically, we analyse two highly active endometriosis communities on the online social platform Reddit. Drawing on a mixed-methods design, we leverage large-scale social data, and a combination of computational and interpretive approaches for text analysis to study the role and shape of interactions relating to 'pain' for the formation of epistemic community online around endometriosis.

Normal neonatal TREC and KREC levels in early onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Objective: Dysregulated central tolerance predisposes to autoimmune diseases. Reduced thymic output as well as compromised central B cell tolerance checkpoints have been proposed in the pathogenesis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). The aim of this study was to investigate neonatal levels of T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs) and kappa-deleting element excision circles (KRECs), as markers of T- and B-cell output at birth, in patients with early onset JIA.

[Developing medical education with a research base: Swedish research output and conditions for its use in educational quality].

To secure high-quality education for healthcare professionals, the teaching and learning processes-the "how" in education-should be informed by a research base. Although Swedish medical education research is growing, it lacks a national strategy. This study analysed and compared Swedish and Dutch production of medical education articles over ten years in nine core journals, including the number of editorial board members.

Hypophosphataemia following ferric derisomaltose and ferric carboxymaltose in patients with iron deficiency anaemia due to inflammatory bowel disease (PHOSPHARE-IBD): a randomised clinical trial.

Objective: Intravenous iron-a common treatment for anaemia and iron deficiency due to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-can cause hypophosphataemia. This trial compared the incidence of hypophosphataemia after treatment with ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) or ferric derisomaltose (FDI).

Design: This randomised, double-blind, clinical trial was conducted at 20 outpatient hospital clinics in Europe (Austria, Denmark, Germany, Sweden, UK).

Food Processing and Risk of Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis: A European Prospective Cohort Study.

Background & Aims: Industrial foods have been associated with increased risks of several chronic conditions. We investigated the relationship between the degree of food processing and risks of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort.

Methods: Analyses included 413,590 participants (68.

[Iron deficiency in patients with acute and chronic heart failure - a simple algoritm].

Iron deficiency, defined as ferritin <100 µg/L or ferritin 100-299 µg/L if the transferrin saturation is <20 %, with or without anaemia is a common comorbidity in patients with acute and chronic heart failure. International and Swedish guidelines recommend treatment of iron deficiency with intravenous iron in patients with symptomatic heart failure and ejection fraction <50 %. Controlled studies document positive effects from treatment with iron carboxymaltose on symptoms, quality of life, functional parameters and risk of hospitalisation.

Meat Intake Is Associated with a Higher Risk of Ulcerative Colitis in a Large European Prospective Cohort Studyø.

Background And Aims: We aimed to investigate the association between protein intake and risk of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

Methods: A total of 413 593 participants from eight European countries were included. Dietary data were collected at baseline from validated food frequency questionnaires.

Application of a standardized EEG pattern classification in the assessment of neurological prognosis after cardiac arrest: A retrospective analysis.

Introduction: Electroencephalogram (EEG) is used in the neurological prognostication after cardiac arrest. "Highly malignant" EEG patterns classified according to Westhall have a high specificity for poor neurological outcome when applied within protocols of recent studies. However, their predictive performance when applied in everyday clinical practice has not been investigated.

Parent Ratings of Generalized and Indirect Effects of Functional Communication Training for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Functional communication training (FCT) is a behavioral treatment that has been shown to reduce problem behavior and increase appropriate communication in young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). In this study, we assessed the effects of FCT on targeted and nontargeted problem behaviors outside of the training context, as well as parent stress, for 30 young children with ASD and their parents. Indirect measures of generalization treatment effects were administered prior to and following FCT treatment delivered via telehealth.

Lung recruitment in the prone position after cardiac surgery: a randomised controlled study.

Background: Atelectasis after cardiac surgery is common and promotes ventilation/perfusion mismatch, infection, and delayed discharge from critical care. Recruitment manoeuvres are often performed to reduce atelectasis. In severe respiratory failure, recruitment manoeuvres in the prone position may increase oxygenation, survival, or both.

Colectomy Incidence Rates in Five-Year Data From the Observational Postmarketing Ulcerative Colitis Study of Originator Infliximab.

Background: This analysis of the Observational Postmarketing Ulcerative Colitis Study examined incidence rates of colectomy in patients with ulcerative colitis who received originator infliximab (IFX) or conventional therapies (ConvRx) as per their treating physician.

Methods: Cox proportional hazards models compared time to colectomy for both treatment groups. A secondary analysis examined colectomy incidence rates based on IFX exposure timing (defined by a 90-day window after the last IFX dose date).

Health Service Utilization Patterns Among Medicaid-Insured Adults With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities: Implications for Access Needs in Outpatient Community-Based Medical Services.

Limited existing evidence suggests that adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) experience substantial disparities in numerous areas of health care, including quality ambulatory care. A multistate cohort of adults with IDD was analyzed for patterns of inpatient admissions and emergency department utilization. Utilization was higher (inpatient [RR = 3.

Questions and answers on iron deficiency treatment selection and the use of intravenous iron in routine clinical practice.

Iron deficiency is a common cause of morbidity and can arise as a consequence or complication from many diseases. The use of intravenous iron has increased significantly in the last decade, but concerns remain about indications and administration. Modern intravenous iron preparations can facilitate rapid iron repletion in one or two doses, both for absolute iron deficiency and, in the presence of inflammation, functional iron deficiency, where oral iron therapy is ineffective or has not worked.

Assessing neurological prognosis in post-cardiac arrest patients from short vs plain text EEG reports: A survey among intensive care clinicians.

Background: Electroencephalography (EEG) patterns are predictive of neurological prognosis in comatose survivors from cardiac arrest but intensive care clinicians are dependent of neurophysiologist reports to identify specific patterns. We hypothesized that the proportion of correct assessment of neurological prognosis would be higher from short statements confirming specific EEG patterns compared with descriptive plain text reports.

Methods: Volunteering intensive care clinicians at two university hospitals were asked to assess the neurological prognosis of a fictional patient with high neuron specific enolase.

Disability, Hospital Care, and Cost: Utilization of Emergency and Inpatient Care by a Cohort of Children with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities.

Objective: To use medical claims data to determine patterns of healthcare utilization in children with intellectual and developmental disabilities, including frequency of service utilization, conditions that require hospital care, and costs.

Study Design: Medicaid administrative claims from 4 states (Iowa, Massachusetts, New York, and South Carolina) from years 2008-2013 were analyzed, including 108 789 children (75 417 male; 33 372 female) under age 18 years with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Diagnoses included cerebral palsy, autism, fetal alcohol syndrome, Down syndrome/trisomy/autosomal deletions, other genetic conditions, and intellectual disability.

Androgen Receptors in Epithelial Cells Regulate Thymopoiesis and Recent Thymic Emigrants in Male Mice.

Androgens have profound effects on T cell homeostasis, including regulation of thymic T lymphopoiesis (thymopoiesis) and production of recent thymic emigrants (RTEs), i. e., immature T cells that derive from the thymus and continue their maturation to mature naïve T cells in secondary lymphoid organs.