Time to consider health services dedicated for adults living with cerebral small vessel disease: Report of a ESO scientific seminar.

Purpose: Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is a highly prevalent disorder leading to physical, cognitive and functional decline. We report key barriers in the management of individuals with cSVD, the potential benefit of cSVD-dedicated health services, and evidence from existing models of care for adults with cSVD.

Methods: We examined information from a scientific seminar developed between seven experts in cSVD during the eighth European Stroke Organisation Conference that discussed the optimal health care for adults with cSVD and what health services dedicated to cSVD should include.

Natural history of dolichoectatic vertebrobasilar aneurysms: a multinational study.

Objective: Dolichoectatic vertebrobasilar aneurysms (DVBAs) are expansions of arterial tissue leading to aneurysmal formations without an obvious neck. Their natural history is poorly understood; usually patients are admitted with thromboembolic complications and/or neurological symptoms from the mass effect. There have not been international collective data, and correct timing for highly risky treatments has been under discussion.

"It didn't turn out as I imagined" - Women's lived experiences of giving birth to a child born in a persistent occiput posterior position.

Objective: To explore women's experience of giving birth to a baby born in a persistent occiput posterior position. The impact of fetal position could significantly affect women's experiences. There have been limited studies conducted regarding this phenomenon.

Multiple Aneurysms: Insight through the Mirrors.

Introduction: Mirror intracranial aneurysms (MIAs) are intracranial aneurysms (IAs) located bilaterally and symmetrically on either side of the circle of Willis. This study explored the characteristics of MIAs and examined their prevalence at various intracranial locations in a large international population with multiple IAs, aimed at shedding light on the concept of MIA.

Method: Data were collected from cohorts of patients in France and Finland with ≥2 definite saccular arterial dilatations at intracranial vessel bifurcations.

Female pelvic cancer survivors' experiences of pelvic floor muscle training after pelvic radiotherapy.

Purpose: To describe experiences of a 3-month pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) period, with or without support from a physiotherapist, among females with urinary and/or fecal incontinence after pelvic radiotherapy.

Method: This qualitative interview study included eleven women (aged 47-83 years) with urinary and/or fecal incontinence after radiotherapy treatment for pelvic cancer (radiotherapy completed 3-60 months ago). The eleven informants were part of a larger randomized controlled intervention study where they practiced PFMT, with or without support from a physiotherapist, for 3 months.

Diagnosing Monogenic Stroke at Younger Age.

Background: An increasing number of monogenic conditions underlying stroke are being identified. We explored the possibilities of increasing the diagnostic yield of monogenic stroke in a population under 56 years of age.

Methods: Fifty probands ≤55 years at their first stroke episode were characterized clinically and investigated by whole genome sequencing.

Hip Displacement After Triradiate Closure in Ambulatory Cerebral Palsy: Who Needs Continued Surveillance?

Background: Hip surveillance in cerebral palsy (CP) is an accepted practice with evidence-based guidelines implemented. For the skeletally immature with open triradiate cartilage (TRC), recommendations for radiographic surveillance stemmed from population-based studies. For nonambulatory CP, progression of hip displacement after skeletal maturity has been reported; less is known for ambulatory CP.

Standardizing visual display of gastrointestinal pathology results for improved clinical interpretation.

Objectives: Pathology is an essential component of disease diagnosis and management in pediatric gastroenterology. Pathology reports have not been standardized in some areas of pediatric gastrointestinal pathology and pathology reporting varies. Development of electronic medical record (EMR) pathology synoptic report templates (PSRT) enables pathology data collection in a specific format and can help standardize pathology reporting.

The contribution of Na1.6 to the efficacy of voltage-gated sodium channel inhibitors in wild type and Na1.6 gain-of-function (GOF) mouse seizure control.

Background And Purpose: Inhibitors of voltage-gated sodium channels (Nas) are important anti-epileptic drugs, but the contribution of specific channel isoforms is unknown since available inhibitors are non-selective. We aimed to create novel, isoform selective inhibitors of Na channels as a means of informing the development of improved antiseizure drugs.

Experimental Approach: We created a series of compounds with diverse selectivity profiles enabling block of Na1.

Embolization techniques of spontaneous direct carotid-cavernous fistulae: a single-center experience.

Purpose: Spontaneous direct carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) are usually caused by a ruptured carotid cavernous aneurysm. We studied treatment of spontaneous direct CCFs in a single-center cohort of a high-volume tertiary referral center, reporting anatomical details, technical approaches of treatment, and outcomes.

Methods: Adult patients with a spontaneous direct CCF treated between 2010-2022 with follow-up MRI and/or DSA imaging available were retrospectively analyzed.

Spatiotemporal sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3 expression within the cerebral vasculature after ischemic stroke.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1PRs) are promising therapeutic targets in cardiovascular disease, including ischemic stroke. However, important spatiotemporal information for alterations of S1PR expression is lacking. Here, we investigated the role of S1PR3 in ischemic stroke in rodent models and patient samples.

Sit-to-stand performance in children with cerebral palsy: a population-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Sit-to-stand (STS) is one of the most commonly performed functional movements in a child's daily life that enables the child to perform functional activities such as independent transfer and to initiate walking and self-care. Children with cerebral palsy (CP) often have reduced STS ability. The aim of this study was to describe STS performance in a national based total population of children with CP and its association with age, sex, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level, and CP subtype.

Effects of Training in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Motivational Interviewing on Mental Health Practitioner Behaviour: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Effective training of mental health professionals is crucial for bridging the gap between research and practice when delivering cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and motivational interviewing (MI) within community settings. However, previous research has provided inconclusive evidence regarding the impact of training efforts. The current study aimed to systematically search, review and synthesize the literature on CBT and MI training to assess its effect on practitioner behavioural outcomes.

Knee and ankle range of motion and spasticity from childhood into adulthood: a longitudinal cohort study of 3,223 individuals with cerebral palsy.

Background And Purpose: Reduced range of motion (ROM) and spasticity are common secondary findings in cerebral palsy (CP) affecting gait, positioning, and everyday functioning. These impairments can change over time and lead to various needs for intervention. The aim of this study was to analyze the development path of the changes in hamstring length, knee extension, ankle dorsiflexion, and spasticity in hamstrings and gastrosoleus from childhood into adulthood in individuals with CP at the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I-V.

Active afforestation of drained peatlands is not a viable option under the EU Nature Restoration Law.

The EU Nature Restoration Law (NRL) is critical for the restoration of degraded ecosystems and active afforestation of degraded peatlands has been suggested as a restoration measure under the NRL. Here, we discuss the current state of scientific evidence on the climate mitigation effects of peatlands under forestry. Afforestation of drained peatlands without restoring their hydrology does not fully restore ecosystem functions.

Human monocyte subtype expression of neuroinflammation and regeneration-related genes is linked to age and sex.

Stroke is a leading cause of disability and the third cause of death. The immune system plays an essential role in post-stroke recovery. After an ischemic stroke, monocytes infiltrate the injured brain tissue and can exacerbate or mitigate the damage.

Recovery, Functional Status, and Health-Related Quality of Life Status up to 4 Years after First-Ever Stroke Onset: A Population-Based Study.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of acquired disability in adults worldwide, and the burden of stroke is projected to increase. Current long-term stroke outcome data including functional status, activity, and participation limitations as well as information on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are vital for future rehabilitation and resource planning of stroke survivors.

Methods: First-ever stroke survivors from a population-based cohort with ischemic stroke or intracerebral hemorrhage were followed up 3-4 years after stroke onset via clinic appointments, home visits, or telephone.

Pretreatment with a dual antiplatelet and anticoagulant (APAC) reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury in a mouse model of temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion-implications for neurovascular procedures.

Background: Several neurovascular procedures require temporary occlusion of cerebral arteries, leading to ischemia of unpredictable length, occasionally causing brain infarction. Experimental models of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury have established that platelet adhesion and coagulation play detrimental roles in reperfusion injury following transient cerebral ischemia. Therefore, in a model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), we investigated the therapeutic potential of a dual antiplatelet and anticoagulant (APAC) heparin proteoglycan mimetic which is able to bind to vascular injury sites.

Posterior condylar canal dural arteriovenous fistula: anatomical, symptomatological, and therapeutic considerations in comparison with hypoglossal canal dural arteriovenous fistula.

Background: Posterior condylar canal dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs) are extremely rare.

Methods: We report a case series and literature review of posterior condylar canal dAVFs and discuss similarities and differences between posterior condylar and hypoglossal canal dAVFs with respect to the related vascular anatomy, angioarchitecture of the fistula, presentation, and treatment.

Results: Four cases of posterior condylar canal dAVF were identified at our institutions and six cases were identified in the literature.

Parasagittal and Superior Sagittal Sinus Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: Clinical Presentations, Imaging Characteristics, and Treatment Strategies.

Background And Purpose: Parasagittal and superior sagittal sinus (SSS) dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) are often inappropriately classified. We explore the clinical presentations, imaging characteristics, and endovascular treatment strategies of these 2 DAVF subtypes.

Materials And Methods: Clinical and imaging data of 19 patients with SSS or parasagittal sinus DAVFs who underwent endovascular treatment in our institution between 2017 and 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.