Emergency neurosurgery for traumatic brain injury by general surgeons at local hospitals in Sweden: a viable option when time is brain.

Background: Timing of surgical evacuation of mass lesions in traumatic brain injury (TBI) is crucial. However, due to geographical variations, transportation time to the nearest neurosurgical department may be long. To save time, general surgeons at a local hospital may perform the operation, despite more limited experience in neurosurgical techniques.

Penetrating trauma on the rise- nine-year trends of severe trauma in Sweden.

Purpose: Sweden has an established trauma system involving national trauma criteria and the Swedish trauma registry (SweTrau), since over a decade. Meanwhile, the injury panorama has evolved, with an increase in gang-related violence in the Swedish community. In this study, we aimed to investigate long-term trends in mortality, management and trauma type in two major Swedish trauma centers over a nine-year period.

Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the care for acute cholecystitis: a Swedish multicentre retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate if and how the panorama of acute cholecystitis changed in 2020 in Sweden. Seven aspects were identified, the incidence of cholecystitis, the Tokyo grade, the timing of diagnosis and treatment, the proportion treated with early surgery, the proportion of patients treated with delayed surgery, and new complications from gallstones.

Design: Retrospective multicentre cohort study.

Validation of the Swedish Trauma Registry (SweTrau).

Purpose: Validation of registries is important to ensure accuracy of data and registry-based research. This is often done by comparisons of the original registry data with other sources, e.g.

Surgery for acute cholecystitis in severely comorbid patients: a population-based study on acute cholecystitis.

Background: International guidelines recommend emergency cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis in patients who are healthy or have mild systemic disease (ASA1-2). Surgery is also an option for patients with severe systemic disease (ASA3) in clinical practice. The study aimed to investigate the risk of complications in ASA3 patients after surgery for acute cholecystitis.

Trauma triage criteria as predictors of severe injury - a Swedish multicenter cohort study.

Background: Adequate performance of trauma team activation (TTA) criteria is important in order to accurately triage trauma patients. The Swedish National Trauma Triage Criteria (SNTTC) consists of 29 criteria that trigger either a Trauma Alert, the highest level of TTA, or a Trauma Response. This study aimed to evaluate the SNTTC and its accuracy in predicting a severely injured patient in a multicenter setting.

Incidence, Demographics, and Outcomes of Penetrating Trauma in Sweden During the Past Decade.

Trauma injury is the sixth leading cause of death worldwide, and interpersonal violence is one of the major contributors in particular regarding injuries to the head and neck. The incidence, demographics, and outcomes of penetrating trauma reaching hospitals in Sweden are not known. We report the largest, nationwide epidemiological study of penetrating injuries in Sweden, using the Swedish Trauma Registry (SweTrau).

A prospective stepped wedge cohort evaluation of the new national trauma team activation criteria in Sweden - the TRAUMALERT study.

Background: Trauma triage based on prehospital information facilitates correct allocation of in-hospital resources. The Swedish national two-tier trauma team activation (TTA) criteria were revised in 2016. The current study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the new criteria.

Better compliance with triage criteria in trauma would reduce costs with maintained patient safety.

Objective: To evaluate trauma triage criteria in terms of compliance, undertriage, and overtriage and identify risk factors for mistriage.

Methods: In a retrospective cohort study, all consecutive trauma patients at a University Hospital in Sweden in 2012 were included. Patients were stratified into three groups on the basis of trauma team activation (full trauma team, limited trauma team, and no trauma team).

Routine whole body CT of high energy trauma patients leads to excessive radiation exposure.

Background: Whole body computed tomography (WBCT) is an important adjunct in trauma care, which is often part of standard protocol in initial management of trauma patients. However, WBCT exposes patients to a significant dose of radiation. The use of WBCT was assessed in a modern trauma cohort in Sweden.

Human Rights Texts: Converting Human Rights Primary Source Documents into Data.

We introduce and make publicly available a large corpus of digitized primary source human rights documents which are published annually by monitoring agencies that include Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, the Lawyers Committee for Human Rights, and the United States Department of State. In addition to the digitized text, we also make available and describe document-term matrices, which are datasets that systematically organize the word counts from each unique document by each unique term within the corpus of human rights documents. To contextualize the importance of this corpus, we describe the development of coding procedures in the human rights community and several existing categorical indicators that have been created by human coding of the human rights documents contained in the corpus.

Whole body computed tomography for trauma patients in the Nordic countries 2014: survey shows significant differences and a need for common guidelines.

Background: Whole body computed tomography in trauma (WBCTT) is a standardized CT examination of trauma patients. It has a relatively high radiation dose. Therefore, well-defined clinical indications and imaging protocols are needed.

Uridine adenosine tetraphosphate induces contraction and relaxation in rat aorta.

Uridine adenosine tetraphosphate (Up(4)A) has been recently reported as an endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor and plasma levels of this dinucleotide are increased in juvenile hypertensive subjects. This study aimed to evaluate the vascular actions of Up(4)A, typify the putative purinergic receptors that might mediate these effects and characterize the intracellular signaling pathways that may govern Up(4)A responses. Up(4)A induced a modest endothelium-dependent relaxation of rat aortic rings contracted with phenylephrine.

Typologies of adolescent dating violence: identifying typologies of adolescent dating violence perpetration.

Acts scales, the most common way of measuring partner violence, have been criticized for being too simplistic to capture the complexities of partner violence. An alternative measurement approach is to use typologies that consider various aspects of context. In this study, the authors identified typologies of dating violence perpetration by adolescents.

Bilateral adrenalectomy for ectopic Cushing's syndrome-discussions on technique and indication.

Background: Tumors producing adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) or corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) often remain undiagnosed until severe Cushing's syndrome appears, and it may be difficult to distinguish from Cushing's syndrome due to pituitary tumors. Many patients suffer from disease spread, with metastases in the liver or other locations, and the main symptoms may be mineral disturbances, diabetes mellitus, or psychological symptoms from the severe hypercortisolism. Bilateral adrenalectomy may alleviate this situation, but is sometimes a troublesome procedure in these severely ill patients.

Slave ethics and imagining critically applied anthropology in public health research.

For several years I considered myself a resident enemy alien of public health research. This polemical article explores this enemy alien subjectivity by looking at an ethnographic case showing how race is figured in public health research, and it asks what this subjectivity might suggest for a medical anthropology struggling to be both more public and interdisciplinary, and more fundamentally ethnological. As I imbue my enemy alien subjectivity with uniquely anthropological images and references, I ask medical anthropologists to reflect upon the specialized nature of a contemporary anthropological imagination and, while doing this, to look to the Nietzschean notion of slave ethics in order to engage with questions of how we might use this self-awareness to create various modes of"postcritical"practice in public health.

Gender differences in the longitudinal predictors of adolescent dating violence.

Background: Adolescent dating violence is a public health problem. The public health approach to prevention is to identify predictors of problem behaviors and develop interventions to eliminate or reduce those predictors with the intention of altering the chain of causation. Longitudinal data are preferred for identifying predictors of behavior but all dating violence studies have used cross-sectional data.

[X-ray computed tomographic diagnosis of primary cardiac malignant lymphoma in AIDS].

Primary lymphomas rarely affect the heart. The myocardial disease is usually latent and the diagnosis is based on post mortem observations. The cardiac symptoms do not reveal the disease and symptomatology is not specific.

[Significance of primary radical surgery for survival following treatment of breast cancer. Problems of interpretation of treatment results of prospective, nonrandomized studies exemplified by the Southwest Germany Breast Cancer Study].

In a prospective non-randomised trial 1642 patients were included. After a mean time of 10 years a follow-up analysis was performed. The importance of the radicality of the primary operative therapy of breast cancer should be evaluated.