Quantifying CO Insertion Equilibria for Low-Pressure Propene Oxide and Carbon Dioxide Ring Opening Copolymerization Catalysts.

While outstanding catalysts are known for the ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP) of CO and propene oxide (PO), few are reported at low CO pressure. Here, a new series of Co(III)M(I) heterodinuclear catalysts are compared. The Co(III)K(I) complex shows the best activity (TOF = 1728 h) and selectivity (>90% polymer, >99% CO) and is highly effective at low pressures (<10 bar).

Correlating Metal Redox Potentials to Co(III)K(I) Catalyst Performances in Carbon Dioxide and Propene Oxide Ring Opening Copolymerization.

Carbon dioxide copolymerization is a front-runner CO utilization strategy but its viability depends on improving the catalysis. So far, catalyst structure-performance correlations have not been straightforward, limiting the ability to predict how to improve both catalytic activity and selectivity. Here, a simple measure of a catalyst ground-state parameter, metal reduction potential, directly correlates with both polymerization activity and selectivity.

Insights into the Mechanism of Carbon Dioxide and Propylene Oxide Ring-Opening Copolymerization Using a Co(III)/K(I) Heterodinuclear Catalyst.

A combined computational and experimental investigation into the catalytic cycle of carbon dioxide and propylene oxide ring-opening copolymerization is presented using a Co(III)K(I) heterodinuclear complex (Deacy, A. C. Co(III)/Alkali-Metal(I) Heterodinuclear Catalysts for the Ring-Opening Copolymerization of CO and Propylene Oxide.

Synergic Heterodinuclear Catalysts for the Ring-Opening Copolymerization (ROCOP) of Epoxides, Carbon Dioxide, and Anhydrides.

The development of sustainable plastic materials is an essential target of chemistry in the 21st century. Key objectives toward this goal include utilizing sustainable monomers and the development of polymers that can be chemically recycled/degraded. Polycarbonates synthesized from the ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP) of epoxides and CO, and polyesters synthesized from the ROCOP of epoxides and anhydrides, meet these criteria.

Impact of coronary calcification assessed by coronary CT angiography on treatment decision in patients with three-vessel CAD: insights from SYNTAX III trial.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine Syntax scores based on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and invasive coronary angiography (ICA) and to assess whether heavy coronary calcification significantly limits the CCTA evaluation and the impact of severe calcification on heart team's treatment decision and procedural planning in patients with three-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD) with or without left main disease.

Methods: SYNTAX III was a multicentre, international study that included patients with three-vessel CAD with or without left main disease. The heart teams were randomized to either assess coronary arteries with coronary CCTA or ICA.

Heterodinuclear Zn(II), Mg(II) or Co(III) with Na(I) Catalysts for Carbon Dioxide and Cyclohexene Oxide Ring Opening Copolymerizations.

A series heterodinuclear catalysts, operating without co-catalyst, show good performances for the ring opening copolymerization (ROCOP) of cyclohexene oxide and carbon dioxide. The complexes feature a macrocyclic ligand designed to coordinate metals such as Zn(II), Mg(II) or Co(III), in a Schiff base 'pocket', and Na(I) in a modified crown-ether binding 'pocket'. The 11 new catalysts are used to explore the influences of the metal combinations and ligand backbones over catalytic activity and selectivity.

Site vs. core laboratory variability in computed tomographic angiography-derived SYNTAX scores in the SYNTAX III trial.

Aims: To investigate the variability between site and core laboratory (CL) calculation of the anatomical SYNTAX score (SS) based on coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) alone and functional SS based on coronary CTA and fractional flow reserve derived from computed tomography (FFRCT) in the SYNTAX III trial.

Methods And Results: The SYNTAX III trial was a multicentre, international study that included 223 patients with three-vessel disease with or without left main involvement. Functional SS was computed by subtracting non-flow limiting stenoses (FFRCT > 0.

Impact of Fractional Flow Reserve Derived From Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography on Heart Team Treatment Decision-Making in Patients With Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease: Insights From the SYNTAX III REVOLUTION Trial.

Background: Fractional flow reserve (FFR) is a reliable tool for the functional assessment of coronary stenoses. FFR computed tomography (CT) derived (FFR) has shown to be accurate, but its clinical usefulness in patients with complex coronary artery disease remains to be investigated. The present study sought to determine the impact of FFR on heart team's treatment decision-making and selection of vessels for revascularization in patients with 3-vessel coronary artery disease.

Coronary computed tomography angiography for heart team decision-making in multivessel coronary artery disease.

Aims: Coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) has emerged as a non-invasive diagnostic method for patients with suspected coronary artery disease, but its usefulness in patients with complex coronary artery disease remains to be investigated. The present study sought to determine the agreement between separate heart teams on treatment decision-making based on either coronary CTA or conventional angiography.

Methods And Results: Separate heart teams composed of an interventional cardiologist, a cardiac surgeon, and a radiologist were randomized to assess the coronary artery disease with either coronary CTA or conventional angiography in patients with de novo left main or three-vessel coronary artery disease.

Undiagnosed and uncontrolled hypertension among the adults in rural Bangladesh: findings from a community-based study.

Objectives: This article reports the prevalence and prediction factors of undiagnosed and uncontrolled hypertension among the adults in rural Bangladesh.

Methods: A cross-sectional study of the major noncommunicable disease risk factors was conducted in rural surveillance sites of Bangladesh in 2005. In addition to the self-report questions on risk factors, height, weight, and blood pressure were measured using standard protocols of the WHO STEPwise approach to Surveillance.

Peri-procedural use of rivaroxaban in elective percutaneous coronary intervention to treat stable coronary artery disease. The X-PLORER trial.

Patients on rivaroxaban requiring percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) represent a clinical conundrum. We aimed to investigate whether rivaroxaban, with or without an additional bolus of unfractionated heparin (UFH), effectively inhibits coagulation activation during PCI. Stable patients (n=108) undergoing elective PCI and on stable dual antiplatelet therapy were randomised (2:2:2:1) to a short treatment course of rivaroxaban 10 mg (n=30), rivaroxaban 20 mg (n=32), rivaroxaban 10 mg plus UFH (n=30) or standard peri-procedural UFH (n=16).

Prevalence and determinants of pre-hypertension and hypertension among the adults in rural Bangladesh: findings from a community-based study.

Background: The people of low and middle income countries bear about 80% of the global burden of diseases that are attributable to high blood pressure. Hypertensive people contribute half of this burden; the rest is among the people with lesser degrees of high blood pressure. Prehypertension elevates the risk of CVD, and that of end-stage renal disease.

Hypertension: adherence to treatment in rural Bangladesh--findings from a population-based study.

Background: Poor adherence has been identified as the main cause of failure to control hypertension. Poor adherence to antihypertensive treatment is a significant cardiovascular risk factor, which often remains unrecognized. There are no previous studies that examined adherence with antihypertensive medication or the characteristics of the non-adherent patients in Bangladesh.

Sources and prevalence of self-reported asthma diagnoses in adults in urban and rural settings of Bangladesh.

This study provides data on the sources of asthma diagnoses in the adult Bangladeshi population in urban and rural settings. The paper also reports the prevalence of self-reported asthma diagnoses and associated socio-demographic factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted in three communities: two rural settings and one urban setting, with a total sample size of 32,665 subjects.

The association of meteorological factors and mortality in rural Bangladesh, 1983-2009.

Introduction: While the association of weather and mortality has been well documented for moderate climate zones, little is known about sub-tropical zones, particularly Bangladesh. This study aims to assess the short-term relationship of temperature and rainfall on daily mortality after controlling for seasonality and time-trends. The study used data from Matlab, Bangladesh, where a rigorous health and demographic surveillance system (HDSS) has been operational since 1966.

The association of weather and mortality in Bangladesh from 1983-2009.

Introduction: The association of weather and mortality have not been widely studied in subtropical monsoon regions, particularly in Bangladesh. This study aims to assess the association of weather and mortality (measured with temperature and rainfall), adjusting for time trend and seasonal patterns in Abhoynagar, Bangladesh.

Material And Methods: A sample vital registration system (SVRS) was set up in 1982 to facilitate operational research in family planning and maternal and child health.

A randomised study of dabigatran in elective percutaneous coronary intervention in stable coronary artery disease patients.

Aims: Patients receiving long-term anticoagulant treatment with dabigatran may need to undergo a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We studied markers of coagulation activation during elective PCI in patients using dabigatran in order to investigate whether coagulation activation upon balloon inflation and stenting is suppressed by dabigatran without additional heparin treatment.

Methods And Results: This phase IIa, exploratory, multicentre, randomised, open-label study included 50 stable patients having an elective PCI.

Informal allopathic provider knowledge and practice regarding hypertension in urban and rural Bangladesh.

Objectives: Describe informal allopathic practitioner (IAP) knowledge and practice about management of hypertension and identify gaps in IAP knowledge and practice amenable to interventions.

Methods: A cross sectional descriptive survey of 642 IAPs in Kamalapur (urban) and Mirsarai (rural) Bangladesh was conducted from March to April, 2011. Using a structured, pre-tested questionnaire sociodemographic, training, knowledge and practice data about management of hypertension was collected.

Diagnosis of chronic conditions with modifiable lifestyle risk factors in selected urban and rural areas of Bangladesh and sociodemographic variability therein.

Background: Bangladesh suffers from a lack of healthcare providers. The growing chronic disease epidemic's demand for healthcare resources will further strain Bangladesh's limited healthcare workforce. Little is known about how Bangladeshis with chronic disease seek care.

The metabolic syndrome: prevalence, associated factors, and impact on survival among older persons in rural Bangladesh.

Objectives: To describe the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) among older persons in rural Bangladesh, to investigate whether the prevalence varies by age, sex, literacy, marital status, nutritional status and socio-economic status, and to assess the impact of MetS on survival.

Methods: The study consisted of 456 persons who were aged ≥60 years living in a rural area of Bangladesh during July 2003-March 2004. Data were collected through interview, clinical examination, and laboratory tests, and their survival status until 30(th) June 2009 was ascertained through the Matlab surveillance system.

Putting child mortality on a map: towards an understanding of inequity in health.

Objectives: To map and analyse geographical (spatial) variations of child mortality trends in mainland Tanzania.

Methods: We used a geographic information system to integrate data on child mortality and associated risk factors. We then applied spatial statistics to quantify the spatial component of child mortality trends, and employed multivariate analysis to break mortality down into a spatial and a local component.

Sex differences and their impact on clinical outcome after percutaneous or surgical revascularisation: a report from the Arterial Revascularisation Therapies Study (ARTS).

Aims: To determine whether women have an unfavorable outcome after coronary interventions compared with men, we evaluated patients undergoing revascularisation within the Arterial Revascularisation Therapies Study (ARTS).

Methods And Results: We evaluated 1205 patients (23% women) with multivessel disease randomised to percutaneous or surgical coronary revascularisation. The in-hospital results, and clinical outcome at five years were evaluated.

Association of chronic kidney disease with clinical outcomes after coronary revascularization: the Arterial Revascularization Therapies Study (ARTS).

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with adverse outcomes after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) and percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), but it is unclear which of these revascularization strategies is associated with lower risk for morbidity and mortality in this population. In the Arterial Revascularization Therapies Study (ARTS), we compared long-term clinical outcomes after CABG or PCI with multivessel stenting in patients with CKD.

Methods: The ARTS randomly assigned 1205 participants with and without CKD to CABG or PCI with multivessel stenting.

Five year clinical effect of coronary stenting and coronary artery bypass grafting in renal insufficient patients with multivessel coronary artery disease: insights from ARTS trial.

Aims: To compare coronary stent implantation and bypass surgery for multivessel coronary disease in patients with renal insufficiency.

Methods And Results: In the ARTS trial, 142 moderate renal insufficient patients (Ccr<60 mL/min) with multivessel coronary disease were randomly assigned to stent implantation (n=69) or CABG (n=73). At 5 years, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of mortality (14.