Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) infection and the HHV-6-specific lymphocyte proliferation response were studied longitudinally in 24 patients in the first 3 months after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT). HHV-6 DNAemia was analyzed by a nested PCR method, and the HHV-6-specific lymphocyte proliferation responses were evaluated with a standard lymphocyte proliferation assay. All patients who responded to HHV-6 GS (variant A) antigen also responded to HHV-6 Z29 (variant B) antigen, and a response to HHV-6 Z29 antigen was detected more often than to HHV-6 GS antigen after allo-SCT (P = 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is associated with Kaposi's sarcoma. In the US and Europe, HHV-8 is believed to be mainly sexually transmitted, but reports from some African countries suggest non-sexual transmission.
Objectives: To find out more about HHV-8 seroprevalence and transmission in Eastern Africa.
The levels and the cellular distribution of heavy metals, and the extent by which the metals binds to metallothionein (MT) in brown trout (Salmo trutta) and European eel (Anguilla anguilla), were analyzed in order to assess the natural conditions of MT and heavy metals in these two fish species. There were no differences in heavy metals and MT concentrations between males and females of brown trout in a nonreproductive status and between adult brown trout individuals. Brown trout presented higher Cu content than European eel.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
December 1999
The objective was to evaluate the frequency of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) DNA detection in the CSF of patients infected with HIV and its relation to brain disease and systemic HHV-6 infection. Nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to analyse CSF samples from 365 consecutive HIV infected patients with neurological symptoms. When available, plasma and brain tissues from patients whose CSF was HHV-6 positive were also studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReactivation of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) during pregnancy and transmission of the viruses to the fetus were investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and serology. In all, 104 blood samples were obtained 3 times during pregnancy and once at delivery. In another 107 women, samples were obtained only at delivery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA 26-year-old previously healthy woman developed granulomatous pneumonitis, encephalitis, and genital ulceration during primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. EBV DNA was demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction analysis of serum, lung tissue, and genital ulcer specimens. Serology verified primary EBV infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeveral studies have suggested an association between human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and multiple sclerosis (MS). We have previously studied intrathecal production of antibody to lymphotropic herpesviruses in MS patients and the presence of human herpesvirus 1 to 7 DNAs in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In the present study anti-HHV-6 immunoglobulin M (IgM) in serum and anti-HHV-6 IgG subclasses in serum and CSF were examined and the lymphoproliferative response to HHV-6 was analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrown trout (Salmo trutta) and European minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus) were evaluated as target species to carry out genotoxicity tests. Assessment was made of their relative abundance in wild; their distribution areas; and their sensitivity to heavy metals, intraperitoneally exposing individuals of both species to a low dose (1.7 mg/kg body weight) of different heavy metals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study was performed to analyse differences in T-cell proliferation induced by a latent virus, varicellae-zoster virus (VZV) and a non-latent virus, measles virus, in patients after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). The lymphoproliferative response to measles antigen, VZV-antigen (VZV-ag), and phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was measured by 3H-thymidine incorporation, and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) analyses in supernatants after in vitro stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 22 patients and 18 healthy controls. The cytokine levels were correlated with T-cell subsets by FACS analyses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn infectious etiology of testicular cancer has been suggested. We have evaluated seroreactivity against cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in relation to testicular-cancer risk in a case-control study, nested within a cohort of prospectively collected serum specimens from 293,692 individuals. For each of 81 cases of testicular cancer identified, 3 controls were randomly selected from the cohort.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlast Reconstr Surg
June 1999
A problem with using autogeneic bone for onlay grafting is its degree of incorporation and volumetric persistence. This study explored whether improved graft volumetric maintenance can be achieved by recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) and whether a combination of rhBMP-2 and osteopromotive membranes is advantageous in this respect. Unicortico-cancellous bone grafts were positioned below the temporal muscle bilaterally in 48 adult Lewis rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens from 22 allogeneic bone marrow transplant patients with central nervous system (CNS) symptoms (cases) and 107 patients who were immunocompromised but did not have CNS symptoms (controls) were assayed for human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) DNA. HHV-6 DNA was detected in CSF specimens from five (23%) of 22 cases and in CSF specimens from one (0.9%) of 107 controls (P < .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFor bone reconstructive purposes, it would be a great advantage to be able to gain bone without grafting. In experimental studies, barrier membranes have been used to accomplish this, however, with limited efficacy. In this study, the effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) on the early onset of bone formation, as well as on the final amount of achievable bone, was investigated in an experimental osteo-neogenesis model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) isolates can be classified into variants A and B, and over 95% of people older than 2 years of age are seropositive for either or both variants. However, the prevalence of the two HHV-6 variants is still not defined since the serological methods used at present cannot discriminate one variant from the other. Lymphoproliferative responses to glycine extracted cellular antigens from human herpes-virus-6 (HHV-6) GS strain (variant A)- and Z 29 strain (variant B)-infected T-lymphoid cell lines were examined in healthy Swedish and Japanese adults.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Invertebr Pathol
January 1999
A microsporidium Nosema portugal n. sp. was isolated from gypsy moths, Lymantria dispar L, collected near Lisbon, Portugal, in 1985.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe main problems in determining the true in vivo susceptibility of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) to antiviral compounds are the influence of the size of the viral inoculum, the variation in the replication capacity of different CMV strains and the subjective evaluation of the inhibition of viral growth in the plaque assay. In this study, a specific assay was developed which reproducibly determines the sensitivity of primary isolates of CMV. The assay includes simultaneous virus titration and determination of the antiviral sensitivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe determined the nucleotide (nt) and amino acid (aa) heterogeneities of three distinct regions of the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) genome for 46 low-passage CMV isolates from four different patient populations (congenitally infected infants, children attending day-care centers, renal transplant recipients, and human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals) and for two laboratory strains (CMV Ad169 and Towne). The gene regions for the major immediate-early (MIE) exon 4 gene (nt positions 1702 to 1982, aa positions 152 to 244), the DNA polymerase gene (nt positions 2797 to 3046, aa positions 713 to 795), and the glycoprotein B (gB) gene (nt positions 1698 to 1884, aa positions 567 to 628) were sequenced. The sequence information was used to design sets of nested PCR primers directed against the most highly conserved regions identified.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA, RNA in situ hybridization (EBER-ISH), and immunostaining against the ZEBRA EBV protein for diagnosis of EBV hepatitis were performed on 43 liver biopsy specimens obtained from 18 patients in the 1st year after liver transplantation (LTX). The findings were related to liver histology and results of EBV-nPCR on concomitantly obtained serum samples. EBV DNA was detected in 30% and RNA in 34% of the liver biopsy specimens using nPCR and EBER-ISH, respectively, giving a significant correlation between the two methods (P = 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod
September 1998
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether bone quality, as assessed by osteometry and histologic parameters, can be used to predict implant integration in conjunction with maxillary sinus reconstruction.
Study Design: Twelve patients with severely atrophied maxillary alveolar processes were treated through use of a two-stage surgical reconstructive strategy with implant placement 4 months after bone grafting. Bone biopsy specimens taken from the iliac crest peroperatively and from the sinus inlay sites 1, 2, 4, 6, or 12 months postoperatively were analyzed by light microscopy and osteomorphometry.
Biochim Biophys Acta
September 1998
In addition to the Ca2+ portion freely dissociated in the cytosol, another Ca2+ pool is associated with plasma membranes and intracellular organelle membranes. This Ca2+ portion is of importance for regulation of, among other things, the cell cycle, actin-mediated processes, and cell morphology. In the literature, dihydropyridines have been reported to influence this membrane-associated pool of Ca2+ under certain conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReplantation of resected bone after autoclaving is employed by many units in both craniofacial and orthopedic tumor reconstructive surgery. The procedure is attractive because it maintains the original anatomy, is reliable, and provides a good immediate clinical result. However, doubts have been raised about the ability of the autoclaved bone to revitalize.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for DNA from herpes simplex virus types 1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2) was applied to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 918 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with neurological symptoms. HSV-1 or HSV-2 (HSV-1/2) DNA was found in 19 patients (2%). For the 258 patients for whom a diagnosis was confirmed at autopsy, the sensitivity and specificity of PCR analysis for the diagnosis of HSV-1/2 encephalitis were 100% and 99.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe used the polymerase chain reaction to study the presence of DNA from cytomegalovirus (CMV) and human herpesvirus (HHV)-6, HHV-7, and HHV-8 in saliva from 44 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1-infected patients at different stages of disease and in 15 healthy HIV-seronegative controls. CMV DNA, HHV-6 DNA, and HHV-7 DNA were found in all groups, but HHV-8 DNA was found only in symptomatic HIV-1-infected patients (5 [17%] of 29). One of the patients with HHV-8 DNA in saliva had oral Kaposi's sarcoma at the time of sampling, and another later developed the tumor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF