COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Parents: A Qualitative Study.

Objectives: Addressing parental/caregivers' coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy is critical to improving vaccine uptake in children. Common concerns have been previously reported through online surveys, but qualitative data from KII and focus groups may add much-needed context. Our objective was to examine factors impacting pediatric COVID-19 vaccine decision-making in Black, Spanish-speaking, and rural white parents/caregivers to inform the content design of a mobile application to improve pediatric COVID-19 vaccine uptake.

COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance in Iran, a Nationwide Survey on Factors Associated with the Willingness toward Getting Vaccinated.

Background: In the name of extensive vaccine uptake, understanding the public's attitude, perception, and intent toward COVID-19 vaccination is a significant challenge for public health officials.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey via an online questionnaire rooted in the Health Belief Model and Integrated Behavioral Model was conducted to evaluate COVID-19 vaccination intent and its associated factors. Factor analysis and multivariate logistic regression were operated to be satisfactory.

Associations between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Need and Unmet Need for Care Coordination.

Introduction: Children exposed to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may access multiple systems of care to address medical and social complexities. Care coordination (CC) optimizes health outcomes for children with special health care needs who often use multiple systems of care. Little is known about whether ACEs are associated with need and unmet need for CC.

Attitudes about COVID-19 Testing among Black Adults in the United States.

Purpose: Black Americans are disproportionately affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) hospitalizations and deaths. Decreasing health disparities requires widespread uptake of COVID-19 testing, but attitudes about COVID-19 testing among Black Americans have not been studied. We aimed to characterize knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about COVID-19 testing among Black parents.

An immunization quality improvement learning collaborative in the college health setting.

Objective: To increase administration of influenza (flu), human papillomavirus (HPV) and meningococcal serogroup B (MenB) vaccinations to students at college student health centers (SHCs).

Participants: Improvement teams from 45 US-based SHCs.

Methods: Teams participated in a 7-month virtual learning collaborative to implement immunization delivery best practices at their SHCs.

Vaccination coverage among young homeless children compared to US national immunization survey data.

Introduction: Comprehensive vaccination coverage among homeless children in the United States (US) is largely unknown although a few studies suggest low coverage with single vaccinations. This study compared vaccination coverage with a combined 7-vaccines series among homeless children in the District of Columbia (DC) to coverage among other US children.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional survey of homeless children in DC was conducted from 2018 to 2019.

Meningococcal disease and vaccination in college students.

is a bacterial pathogen capable of causing rapidly progressing illness from nonspecific symptoms to end-organ failure or death in a matter of hours to days. Despite the availability of meningococcal vaccines, there remains a notable disease incidence peak among individuals aged 18-19 years, with college students at increased risk for disease relative to non-college students. Between 2007 and 2017, as many as one in five colleges in the United States experienced an outbreak of meningococcal disease at their own or a nearby institution.

Impact of Personal Social Network Types on Breastfeeding Practices in United States-Born Black and White Women.

An individual's personal social network influences behavior; one is more likely to adopt behaviors consistent with norms within the network to avoid social stigma. Personal social network types, which are associated with individual behaviors, have been identified for new mothers: exclusive (kin centric) and expansive (not kin centric). To analyze the impact of personal social network type on breastfeeding practices in U.

Parental Beliefs, Logistical Challenges, and Improvement Opportunities for Vaccination among Children Ages 19-35 Months Experiencing Homelessness.

Objectives: To examine parental beliefs and logistical challenges to early childhood vaccination completion as well as opportunities to support improved vaccine uptake among families experiencing homelessness.

Study Design: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between February 2018 and October 2019 with parents of children ages 19-35 months old experiencing homelessness. Participants were recruited from 10 locations that serve families experiencing homelessness in Washington, DC and by referral from other participants.

Young Adults' COVID-19 Testing Intentions: The Role of Health Beliefs and Anticipated Regret.

Purpose: Young adults are at high risk for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and transmission due to their social behaviors. The purpose of this study was to determine their attitudes toward coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) testing, an important approach for minimizing infection and transmission.

Methods: One hundred seventy eight US individuals aged 19-25 years completed an online survey measuring COVID-19 health beliefs and testing intentions.

Can respondent driven sampling be used to recruit new mothers? A mixed methods study in metropolitan Washington DC.

Background: Respondent driven sampling (RDS) is employed to recruit populations that are hard-to-reach, "hidden," or without a sampling frame. For new mothers (those with infants <6 months) in countries without national health care systems or registries, there is no sampling frame, and random samples may only be attained through costly strategies, e.g.

Serogroup B meningococcal vaccination practice patterns on college campuses.

Background: Most Neisseria meningitidis involved in invasive disease among American college students express serogroup B antigen. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends healthcare providers (HCPs) share clinical decision making with patients to determine individual value of meningococcal serogroup B vaccination (MenB) rather than routinely recommend vaccination as with the meningococcal A,C,W,Y vaccine (MenACWY). This study examines the attitudes and practices of HCPs working in college student health centers (SHCs) regarding the recommendation and administration of MenB to students.

How colleges intervene to increase student body vaccination coverage.

Objective: The interventions colleges use to help students be compliant with vaccinations is unknown. This study describes colleges' use of practices consistent with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendations to encourage student body vaccination.

Participants: Participants were a convenience sample of 136 student health center (SHC) administrators from colleges across the U.

Implications of Mothers' Social Networks for Risky Infant Sleep Practices.

Objective: To describe the structure of networks in a cohort of mothers and to analyze associations of social network characteristics and norms with infant sleep practices.

Study Design: We recruited a prospective cohort of mothers with infants <6 months of age from January 2015 to December 2016. Mothers completed a survey about their personal social networks and infant care practices.

Social Networks for Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Advice Among African American Parents.

Purpose: Despite that human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination could prevent ∼90% of HPV-associated cancers, only 65.5% of American adolescents initiate vaccination. African Americans have the highest prevalence of morbidity and mortality from HPV-associated cancers.

Community members trusted by African American parents for vaccine advice.

Exposure to pro-vaccination messages from nonmedical peers and others perceived to share a similar value system for society (referred to as ) improves vaccination attitudes. Nonetheless, a minority of African American parents have friends and family members who provide them with vaccine advice. The aims of the current study were to identify the presumed worldview outlook of eight types of community figures as perceived by African American parents, and determine parents' trust in these figures for vaccine advice, and whether trust varied according to the figures' racial concordance.

Associations of trust and healthcare provider advice with HPV vaccine acceptance among African American parents.

Objective: Healthcare providers (HCPs) are advised to give all parents a strong recommendation for HPV vaccination. However, it is possible that strong recommendations could be less effective at promoting vaccination among African Americans who on average have greater mistrust in the healthcare system. This study examines the associations of parental trust in HCPs and strength of HCP vaccination recommendation on HPV vaccine acceptance among African American parents.

Strategies for Improving Vaccine Delivery: A Cluster-Randomized Trial.

Objective: New emphasis on and requirements for demonstrating health care quality have increased the need for evidence-based methods to disseminate practice guidelines. With regard to impact on pediatric immunization coverage, we aimed to compare a financial incentive program (pay-for-performance [P4P]) and a virtual quality improvement technical support (QITS) learning collaborative.

Methods: This single-blinded (to outcomes assessor), cluster-randomized trial was conducted among unaffiliated pediatric practices across the United States from June 2013 to June 2014.

Context Matters: Practitioner Perspectives on Immunization Delivery Quality Improvement Efforts.

Uneven adherence to immunization guidelines might leave some communities vulnerable to outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases. To examine factors related to implementation of immunization delivery best practices, we analyzed responses to monthly surveys and debriefing interviews from 16 diverse pediatric practices engaged in a year-long virtual learning collaborative. The collaborative provided a toolkit, online learning sessions, performance feedback, and conference calls with a quality improvement coach.

Search Engine Ranking, Quality, and Content of Web Pages That Are Critical Versus Noncritical of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine.

Purpose: Online information can influence attitudes toward vaccination. The aim of the present study was to provide a systematic evaluation of the search engine ranking, quality, and content of Web pages that are critical versus noncritical of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination.

Methods: We identified HPV vaccine-related Web pages with the Google search engine by entering 20 terms.

Frequent vaccination missed opportunities at primary care encounters contribute to underimmunization.

Objective: To examine missed opportunities to administer an eligible vaccination (MOs) and their contribution to underimmunization in contemporary pediatric practices.

Study Design: This study was a retrospective analysis from 42 diverse pediatric practices located throughout the US. Medical records of 50 randomly selected children 3-18 months of age per practice were reviewed in Spring 2013.