"Putting the power back into community": A mixed methods evaluation of a chronic hepatitis B training course for the Aboriginal health workforce of Australia's Northern Territory.

Background: Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is endemic in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population of Australia's Northern Territory. Progression to liver disease can be prevented if holistic care is provided. Low health literacy amongst health professionals is a known barrier to caring for people living with CHB.

Workforce survey of PAs' genetic-genomic knowledge, attitudes, and application in practice.

Objective: This study surveyed practicing physician associates/assistants (PAs) about their genetics-genomics knowledge, attitudes, and application in practice.

Methods: A 25-question electronic survey was emailed to each constituent organization of the American Academy of Physician Associates (AAPA) with a description of the study and a request to forward to their members. Additionally, a posting was displayed in the bulletin board section of the online AAPA Huddle.

The State of Genetics and Genomics Education in US Physician Assistant Programs.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the current landscape of genetics-genomics education in physician assistant (PA) student training.

Methods: A 25-question electronic survey was emailed to program directors of the 273 accredited PA programs. Questions represented PA program demographics and 4 domains: curricular characteristics and perceived adequacy; content; curricular approaches and instructional methods; and intent, barriers, and perceived needs for an optimal curriculum.

A Critical Review of the Prognostic and Predictive Implications of and Mutations and Co-Mutations in Metastatic Non-Small Lung Cancer.

The Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog () and serine/threonine kinase 11 () co-mutations are associated with the diverse phenotypic and heterogeneous oncogenic subtypes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Due to extensive mixed evidence, there needs to be a review of the recent and mutation literature to better understand the potential clinical applications of these genomic biomarkers in the current treatment landscape. This critical review highlights the clinical studies that have elucidated the potential prognostic and predictive implications of mutations, mutations, or co-mutations when treating metastatic NSCLC across various types of treatments (e.

Sleep disturbances in Phelan-McDermid syndrome: Clinical and metabolic profiling of 56 individuals.

Phelan-McDermid Syndrome (PMS) is caused by deletions at chromosome 22q13.3 or pathogenic/likely pathogenic SHANK3 variants. The clinical presentation is extremely variable and includes global developmental delay/intellectual disability (ID), seizures, neonatal hypotonia, and sleep disturbances, among others.

Stratification of a Phelan-McDermid Syndrome Population Based on Their Response to Human Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factor.

Phelan-McDermid syndrome (PMS), caused by pathogenic variants in the gene or 22q13 deletions, is characterized by intellectual disability, autistic features, developmental delays, and neonatal hypotonia. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and human growth hormone (hGH) have been shown to reverse neurobehavioral deficits in PMS. We assessed the metabolic profiling of 48 individuals with PMS and 50 controls and determined subpopulations by taking the top and bottom 25% of responders to hGH and IGF-1.

Genetics and Genomics Education for Physician Assistant Students: A Review of the Literature.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to critically review the literature and determine what is known about genetics-genomics education for physician assistants (PAs).

Methods: A rapid review method was used to search CINAHL, MEDLINE, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. The review is presented historically to describe the development of genetics-genomics education in PA programs.

Incidental Findings in Study Participants: What Is the Researcher's Obligation?

Background: As technology advances and genomic testing becomes commonplace, incidental findings, or the discovery of unrelated results, have increased. The American College of Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) established recommendations for the return of pathologic variants in 78 genes in the clinical setting based on medically actionable conditions from genes linked with preventable or treatable diseases. However, the lack of policy in the research setting poses a serious ethical dilemma for researchers, potentially threatening the participant's trust and willingness to contribute to a process with more significant risk than benefit.

Sleep and Phelan-McDermid Syndrome: Lessons from the International Registry and the scientific literature.

Background: Sleep is essential to maintaining a healthy life. Sleep disturbances among individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders are not well studied, affecting their early detection and treatment. Sleep disturbances in individuals with Phelan-McDermid Syndrome (PMS) are among the primary concerns reported by parents.

Linguistic Validation of Genomic Nursing Concept Inventory to Finnish Applying Mandysova's Decision Tree Algorithm.

Currently, there is no available Finnish version of the Genomic Nursing Concept Inventory tool (GNCI). This study tested the validity, reliability, and clinical usability of a Finnish translation. A decision tree algorithm was used to guide the translation, as per International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research guidelines.

Digital Droplet PCR to Track SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak in a Hospital Transitional Care Unit.

We describe an outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 on a transition unit composed of elderly patients awaiting placement. Environmental and patient sample analyses using digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) suggested possible fomite transmission and a high viral burden source from a few individual patients. This outbreak illustrates challenges inherent to this specific patient population.

Melioidosis in the remote Katherine region of northern Australia.

Melioidosis is endemic in the remote Katherine region of northern Australia. In a population with high rates of chronic disease, social inequities, and extreme remoteness, the impact of melioidosis is exacerbated by severe weather events and disproportionately affects First Nations Australians. All culture-confirmed melioidosis cases in the Katherine region of the Australian Top End between 1989-2021 were included in the study, and the clinical features and epidemiology were described.

Detection and quantification of infectious severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 in diverse clinical and environmental samples.

To explore the potential modes of Severe Acute Respiratory Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission, we collected 535 diverse clinical and environmental samples from 75 infected hospitalized and community patients. Infectious SARS-CoV-2 with quantitative burdens varying from 5 plaque-forming units/mL (PFU/mL) up to 1.0 × 10 PFU/mL was detected in 151/459 (33%) of the specimens assayed and up to 1.

The Darwin Prospective Melioidosis Study: a 30-year prospective, observational investigation.

Background: The global distribution of melioidosis is under considerable scrutiny, with both unmasking of endemic disease in African and Pacific nations and evidence of more recent dispersal in the Americas. Because of the high incidence of disease in tropical northern Australia, The Darwin Prospective Melioidosis Study commenced in October, 1989. We present epidemiology, clinical features, outcomes, and bacterial genomics from this 30-year study, highlighting changes in the past decade.

Nursing Education Amid a Pandemic: Mental Health in a Time of Virtual Learning.

Background: The unprecedented pandemic presented new stresses and challenges in nursing education impacting the mental health of nursing students.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between virtual learning and the mental health of nursing students.

Method: This study used a descriptive, cross-sectional design with a convenience sample of 256 nursing students enrolled in a baccalaureate program.

2020 Review and revision of the 2015 Darwin melioidosis treatment guideline; paradigm drift not shift.

Background: Melioidosis therapy is divided into an intravenous intensive phase and an oral eradication phase. The Darwin melioidosis treatment guideline has evolved over two decades, with over 1150 consecutive patients with culture-confirmed melioidosis managed under the Darwin Prospective Melioidosis Study. The current guideline, published in 2015, has been associated with low rates of recrudescence, relapse and mortality, and together with the treatment trials in Thailand, forms the basis for consensus global guidelines.

Randomized controlled trial on the effectiveness of web-based Genomics Nursing Education Intervention for undergraduate nursing students: a study protocol.

Aim: To describe a randomized controlled trial protocol that will evaluate the effectiveness of two web-based genomic nursing education interventions.

Background: Preparing future nurses to be competent in genetic and genomic concepts is fundamental to ensure appropriate clinical application. However, genetics-genomics concepts are still new in the field of nursing.

A Novel Assay for Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Directly From Clinical Samples.

The timely detection of Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is crucial for antimicrobial therapy and a key factor to limit the hospital spread of MRSA. Currently available commercial MRSA detection assays target the 3' end of the gene and the right extremity of Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome (SCC). These assays suffer from both false positive due to SCC-like elements that lack and false negative results due to the inability to detect new or variant SCC cassettes with the existing primers.

Do histopathological features of breast cancer in Australian Indigenous women explain the survival disparity? A two decade long study in the Northern Territory.

Aims: In the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia, Indigenous women have a lower incidence of breast cancer, but a higher mortality than Non-indigenous women. The aim of this study was to describe and compare breast cancer pathological features related to stage and biological aggression between the two groups.

Methods: Subjects were identified by extract from the NT Cancer Registry in two separate cohorts, cohort 1 (1991-2000) and cohort 2 (2001-2010).

Strongyloides stercoralis seropositivity is not associated with increased symptoms in a remote Aboriginal community.

Background: Strongyloides stercoralis is a soil-transmitted helminth, endemic in remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities in northern Australia with estimates of prevalences up to 60%. Hyperinfection in the setting of immunosuppression is a rare, but well recognised cause of significant morbidity and mortality. However, the morbidity associated with chronic uncomplicated infection is less well characterised.

Quad bike injuries at an Australian regional hospital: a trauma registry review.

Background: Quad bikes are a prominent cause of morbidity and mortality in Australia in both agriculture and recreation. This study describes the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of quad bike injuries at the Royal Darwin Hospital (RDH).

Methods: A retrospective review of the RDH Trauma Registry for all quad bike mechanism of injury from 1 January 2006 to 31 December 2015 was conducted.

Isolation of Legionella pneumophila by Co-culture with Local Ameba, Canada.

Legionellosis was diagnosed in an immunocompromised 3-year-old girl in Canada. We traced the source of the bacterium through co-culture with an ameba collected from a hot tub in her home. We identified Legionella pneumophila serogroup 6, sequence type 185, and used whole-genome sequencing to confirm the environmental and clinical isolates were of common origin.