Background: The INtubation-SURfactant-Extubation (INSURE) is a procedure that is increasingly being used to treat the respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants. The objective of this study was to identify predictors for an unsuccessful INSURE procedure.
Methods: The neonates included were less than 32 weeks' gestation, treated with surfactant in the neonatal intensive care unit, and born 1998-2010.