Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is hallmarked by ventricular fibro-adipogenic alterations, contributing to cardiac dysfunctions and arrhythmias. Although genetically determined (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGiven to its ability to irreversibly acetylate the platelet cyclooxygenase-1 enzyme, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is successfully employed for the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Recently, an antitumoral effect of ASA in colorectal cancer has been increasingly documented. However, the molecular and metabolic mechanisms by which ASA exerts such effect is largely unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMitral valve prolapse (MVP) is the most common cause of severe mitral regurgitation. It has been reported that MVP patients-candidates for mitral valve repair (MVRep)-showed an alteration in the antioxidant defense systems as well as in the L-arginine metabolic pathway. In this study, we investigate if oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction are an MVP consequence or driving factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe involvement of 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12(S)-HETE), a 12-lipooxygenase product of arachidonic acid, has been suggested in atherosclerosis. However, its effect on macrophage functions is not completely understood, so far. The uptake of apoptotic cells (efferocytosis) by macrophages is an anti-inflammatory process, impaired in advanced atherosclerotic lesions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDue to its ability to irreversibly inactivate platelet cyclooxygenase, low-dose aspirin (ASA) is the most widely used antithrombotic agent. Although, studies in specific types of patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) have shown an incomplete inhibition of platelet's cyclooxygenase, which may increase the variability in drug response. Some aspects of ASA pharmacokinetics (PK) still need further investigation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOnce-daily (od), low-dose aspirin (75-100 mg) is recommended to reduce the thrombotic risk of patients with essential thrombocytemia (ET). This practice is based on data extrapolated from other high-risk patients and an aspirin trial in polycythemia vera, with the assumption of similar aspirin pharmacodynamics in the two settings. However, the pharmacodynamics of low-dose aspirin is impaired in ET, reflecting accelerated renewal of platelet cyclooxygenase (COX)-1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAs no studies before now have thoroughly investigated the risk associated with the exposure to low-dose ionizing radiations in patients undergoing catheter ablation (CA), we aimed to evaluate the oxidative and DNA damage in 59 CA patients (10 of whom received N-acetylcysteine (NAC) before the procedure). A burst of oxidized/reduced glutathione ratio was observed 3 hours after procedure that was diminished by NAC administration. 8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) concentrations, index of oxidative DNA damage, showed a peak 24 hours after CA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCoronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), one of the most common cardiac surgical procedures, is characterized by a burst of oxidative stress. 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), produced following DNA repairing, is used as an indicator of oxidative DNA damage in humans. The effect of CABG on oxidative-induced DNA damage, evaluated through the measurement of urinary 8-oxodG by a developed and validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method in 52 coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, was assessed before (T0), five days (T1), and six months (T2) after CABG procedure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent trials suggest that Aspirin (ASA) reduces the incidence of venous thromboembolism in human. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect are still unclear. In this study we assessed the effects of ASA in venous thrombosis mouse model induced by inferior vena cava (IVC) ligation and we investigated the mechanisms responsible for this effect.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSignificance: 8-Hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is generated after the repair of ROS-mediated DNA damages and, thus, is one of the most widely recognized biomarkers of oxidative damage of DNA because guanosine is the most oxidized among the DNA nucleobases. In several pathological conditions, high urinary levels of oxidized DNA-derived metabolites have been reported (e.g.
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