Pediatric morphometric study to guide the optimized implantation of the Osia 2 implant system.

Purpose: Continuous technological advances result in the availability of new bone conduction hearing implants, of which their suitability for pediatric patients is of major concern. The CochlearOsia 2 is a new active osseointegrated steady-state implant system that uses digital piezoelectric stimulation to treat hearing loss. The implant in the United States was approved for patients aged 12 years and above, whereas the CE mark is independent of age, the only requirement is body weight of at least 7 kg.

[Application field of VOXEL-MAN Tempo 3D virtual reality simulator in surgery of pars petrosa of temporal bone].

Unlabelled: Összefoglaló. Bevezetés: Az emberi sziklacsont a halántékcsont része, egy bonyolult és változatos anatómiai felépítésű struktúra. A sziklacsonton végzett beavatkozások előtt, a műtéti szövődmények megelőzése érdekében, nélkülözhetetlen a biztos anatómiai tudás és kézügyesség megszerzése, valamint az egyes műtéti lépések és mozdulatok begyakorlása.

[The role of microbiological examination in treating peritonsillar abscess based on the retrospective analysis of data from six years].

Unlabelled: Összefoglaló. Bevezetés és célkitűzés: A peritonsillaris tályog a leggyakoribb mély nyaki infekció. Olyan fül-orr-gégészeti kórkép, amely megfelelő kezelés nélkül életveszélyes szövődményekkel járhat.

[Minimally invasive treatment of postintubation stenosis by use of Ultra Dream Pulse Laser and steroid-mitomycin in a 4-year-old girl].

Postintubation stenosis is a frequent complication of long-term endotracheal anesthesia. In the last few decades, its incidence showed an increasing tendency particularly among children and premature infants. It mostly affects the subglottic area and avoidance of a tracheotomy could lead to better life quality of the patient.

Ambiguous splice sites distinguish circRNA and linear splicing in the human genome.

Motivation: Identification of splice sites is critical to gene annotation and to determine which sequences control circRNA biogenesis. Full-length RNA transcripts could in principle complete annotations of introns and exons in genomes without external ontologies, i.e.

Direct visualization of the Wntless-induced redistribution of WNT1 in developing chick embryos.

Paracrine Wnt signals are critical regulators of cell proliferation, specification, and differentiation during embryogenesis. Consistent with the discovery that Wnt ligands are post-translationally modified with palmitoleate (a 16 carbon mono-unsaturated fatty acid), our studies show that the vast majority of bioavailable chick WNT1 (cWNT1) produced in stably transfected L cells is cell-associated. Thus, it seems unlikely that the WNT1 signal is propagated by diffusion alone.

Statistical algorithms improve accuracy of gene fusion detection.

Gene fusions are known to play critical roles in tumor pathogenesis. Yet, sensitive and specific algorithms to detect gene fusions in cancer do not currently exist. In this paper, we present a new statistical algorithm, MACHETE (Mismatched Alignment CHimEra Tracking Engine), which achieves highly sensitive and specific detection of gene fusions from RNA-Seq data, including the highest Positive Predictive Value (PPV) compared to the current state-of-the-art, as assessed in simulated data.

Detecting circular RNAs: bioinformatic and experimental challenges.

The pervasive expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs) is a recently discovered feature of gene expression in highly diverged eukaryotes. Numerous algorithms that are used to detect genome-wide circRNA expression from RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data have been developed in the past few years, but there is little overlap in their predictions and no clear gold-standard method to assess the accuracy of these algorithms. We review sources of experimental and bioinformatic biases that complicate the accurate discovery of circRNAs and discuss statistical approaches to address these biases.

Cerebral Oximetry Monitoring to Maintain Normal Cerebral Oxygen Saturation during High-risk Cardiac Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Feasibility Trial.

Background: Cerebral oxygen desaturation during cardiac surgery has been associated with adverse perioperative outcomes. Before a large multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT) on the impact of preventing desaturations on perioperative outcomes, the authors undertook a randomized prospective, parallel-arm, multicenter feasibility RCT to determine whether an intervention algorithm could prevent desaturations.

Methods: Eight Canadian sites randomized 201 patients between April 2012 and October 2013.

Statistically based splicing detection reveals neural enrichment and tissue-specific induction of circular RNA during human fetal development.

Background: The pervasive expression of circular RNA is a recently discovered feature of gene expression in highly diverged eukaryotes, but the functions of most circular RNAs are still unknown. Computational methods to discover and quantify circular RNA are essential. Moreover, discovering biological contexts where circular RNAs are regulated will shed light on potential functional roles they may play.

Concentration-dependent effects of WNTLESS on WNT1/3A signaling.

Background: WNTLESS (WLS) is a multi-transmembrane protein that transports Wnt ligands from the Golgi to the cell surface. Although WLS loss-of-function experiments in the developing central nervous system reveal phenotypes consistent with defects in WNT1 and WNT3A signaling, data from complementary gain-of-function experiments have not yet been reported. Here, we report the phenotypic consequences of WLS overexpression in cultured cells and in the developing chick spinal cord.

Frizzled10 mediates WNT1 and WNT3A signaling in the dorsal spinal cord of the developing chick embryo.

Background: WNT1 and WNT3A drive a dorsal to ventral gradient of β-catenin-dependent Wnt signaling in the developing spinal cord. However, the identity of the receptors mediating downstream functions remains poorly understood.

Results: In this report, we show that the spatiotemporal expression patterns of FZD10 and WNT1/WNT3A are highly correlated.