Background: The International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting proposes histological tumour type, lymphovascular invasion, tumour grade, perineural invasion, extent, and dimensions of invasion as risk factors for lymph node metastases and tumour progression in completely endoscopically resected pT1 colorectal cancer (CRC).
Objective: The aim of the study was to propose a predictive and reliable score to optimise the clinical management of endoscopically resected pT1 CRC patients.
Methods: This multi-centric, retrospective International Budding Consortium (IBC) study included an international pT1 CRC cohort of 565 patients.
Tumour budding in colorectal cancer, defined as single tumour cells or small clusters containing four or fewer tumour cells, is a robust and independent biomarker of aggressive tumour biology. On the basis of published data in the literature, the evidence is certainly in favour of reporting tumour budding in routine practice. One important aspect of implementing tumour budding has been to establish a standardised and evidence-based scoring method, as was recommended by the International Tumour Budding Consensus Conference (ITBCC) in 2016.
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