Investigations on the accuracy of 3D-printed drill guides for dental implantology.

This article describes the computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) accuracy of dental drill guides for application in guided surgery. Today, the availability of three-dimensional (3D) desktop printers allows for the cost-effective production of drill guides by dental laboratories. Our investigations show the accuracy of produced guides by eliminating influencing factors that exist in the guided surgery workflow.

How dogs know when communication is intended for them.

Domestic dogs comprehend human gestural communication in a way that other animal species do not. But little is known about the specific cues they use to determine when human communication is intended for them. In a series of four studies, we confronted both adult dogs and young dog puppies with object choice tasks in which a human indicated one of two opaque cups by either pointing to it or gazing at it.