Closed-Loop Control Performance of the Hypoglycemia-Hyperglycemia Minimizer (HHM) System in a Feasibility Study.

Background: This feasibility study investigated the insulin-delivery characteristics of the Hypoglycemia-Hyperglycemia Minimizer (HHM) System-an automated insulin delivery device-in participants with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Thirteen adults with type 1 diabetes were enrolled in this nonrandomized, uncontrolled, clinical-research-center-based feasibility study. The HHM System comprised a continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion pump, a continuous glucose monitor (CGM), and a model predictive control algorithm with a safety module, run on a laptop platform.

"Turn it off!": diabetes device alarm fatigue considerations for the present and the future.

Safe and widespread use of diabetes technology is constrained by alarm fatigue: when someone receives so many alarms that he or she becomes less likely to respond appropriately. Alarm fatigue and related usability issues deserve consideration at every stage of alarm system design, especially as new technologies expand the potential number and complexity of alarms. The guiding principle should be patient wellbeing, while taking into consideration the regulatory and liability issues that sometimes contribute to building excessive alarms.