An NMR and quantum-mechanical investigation of tetrahydrofuran solvent effects on the conformational equilibria of 1,4-butanedioic acid and its salts.

Vicinal proton-proton NMR couplings have been used to compare the influences of water and tetrahydrofuran (THF) as solvents on the conformational equilibria of 1,4-butanedioic (succinic) acid and its mono- and dianionic salts. An earlier NMR investigation (Lit, E. S.