After-school programs for health promotion in rural communities: Ashe County Middle School 4-H After-School Program.

Rural youth have a higher risk for lower health and developmental outcomes, often facing numerous constraints (eg, poor socioeconomic conditions, lower levels of social support, fewer recreational programs and facilities, and inadequate transportation). After-school programs have the potential to effectively deliver health-promoting activities but often face significant challenges in these areas. Ashe County is a rural community in the Appalachian region of North Carolina.

Casopitant and ondansetron for postoperative nausea and vomiting prevention in women at high risk for emesis: a phase 3 study.

Hypothesis: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are associated with a variety of complications. Neurokinin subtype 1 receptor antagonists have antiemetic activity in the postoperative setting, and the neurokinin subtype 1 receptor antagonist casopitant mesylate (GW679769) was well tolerated and effective at reducing the incidence of PONV in phase 1 and phase 2 trials.

Design: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, phase 3 analysis was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of casopitant in combination with a single intravenous dose of the serotonin subtype 3 receptor antagonist ondansetron hydrochloride for the prevention of PONV in the perioperative setting.

Use of neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists in patients receiving moderately or highly emetogenic chemotherapy.

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a serious adverse effect of chemotherapy that limits patients' physical, mental, and functional capabilities and may cause a delay or cessation of treatment. Antiemetic therapy can reduce the incidence of CINV. Research, using data from visits by patients receiving moderately (MEC) or highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC), identified that antiemetics were prescribed for 86% (in 2007) and 82% (in 2008) of patients receiving MEC or HEC.

Phase II study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the oral neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist casopitant (GW679769) administered with ondansetron for the prevention of postoperative and postdischarge nausea and vomiting in high-risk patients.

Background: In recent years, there has been an increased interest in using a multimodal approach with combined agents to treat postoperative nausea and vomiting. This study evaluated whether the addition of an oral dose of the neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist casopitant improved the antiemetic efficacy of an intravenous dose of ondansetron hydrochloride.

Methods: The authors enrolled 702 premenopausal or perimenopausal, nonsmoking, female patients aged 18-55 yr with a history of postoperative nausea and vomiting and/or motion sickness undergoing a laparoscopic or laparotomic gynecologic surgical procedure or laparoscopic cholecystectomy with general anesthesia.

Casopitant improves the quality of life in patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy.

Purpose: The control of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is critical in preventing poor health outcomes and increasing patient quality of life. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the addition of casopitant to dual-combination therapy of dexamethasone and ondansetron on quality of life in patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC).

Methods: In a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, add-on trial (N = 810), patients were randomized to intravenous (IV) ondansetron/dexamethasone alone (control) or in combination with either a single 150-mg oral dose of casopitant or 3-day IV/oral casopitant.

A double-blind comparison of intravenous ondansetron and placebo for preventing postoperative emesis in 1- to 24-month-old pediatric patients after surgery under general anesthesia.

Unlabelled: We assessed the efficacy and safety of ondansetron (0.1 mg/kg IV) prophylactically administered before surgery for prevention of postoperative vomiting (POV) in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of 670 pediatric patients, 1- to 24-mo-old, undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia. The study enrolled 335 children in each treatment group (ondansetron versus placebo).