Aortic injury: comparison of supine and upright portable chest films to evaluate the widened mediastinum.

Despite many reports of radiologic findings that may be suggestive of aortic injury, most authors believe the recognition of a widened mediastinum on chest film remains the sine qua non. Few studies have confirmed the widely held belief that the supine AP chest film is inaccurate in assessing the width of the mediastinal structures, and that one should use only the upright or sitting chest films. This study was undertaken to assess the accuracy of both upright and supine chest films in the evaluation of mediastinal widening after blunt deceleration chest injury.

Early arterial lesions in infancy and childhood and ways of prevention.

Arterial lesions appear in the human vascular system early in life. In some predisposed arterial segments calcifications of the internal elastic sheets have regularly been demonstrated macroscopically in infancy and early childhood. Atherosclerotic lesions also begin in childhood, and the seeds of their later clinical manifestations are probably sown in infancy.

Effects of dietary intake of sodium chloride on sugar and amino acid transport across isolated hen colon.

1. Using the isolated mucosa from the colon of the adult hen, transport of galactose, leucine and lysine was studied through measurements of influx across the brush-border membrane, unidirectional transmucosal fluxes, and of steady-state mucosal uptake.2.

Effects of sugars, amino acids and inhibitors on electrolyte transport across hen colon at different sodium chloride intakes.

1. The isolated colonic mucosa from adult hens has been studied in vitro under short-circuit conditions. Colonic mucosa was prepared from hens fed either a NaCl-poor or a NaCl-rich diet.

Ectopic gastric pancreas: a review and report of 4 cases.

A review of the literature together with case reports of 4 previously unreported cases are herein reported. The incidence, pathogenesis, symptomatology, pathology and management are discussed.

Bovine serum chitinase.

1. A glycol-chitin-splitting enzyme without lysozyme (muramidase) activity has been found in calf serum. The enzyme also degrades colloidal chitin and is thus a true chitinase, 1,4-beta-poly-N-acetylglucosaminidase, without exo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase effect.

Structure and closure mechanism of the human umbilical artery.

The structure of the fully-patent umbical artery and rearrangement of its structural elements with postnatal closure were examined 10 centimeter long umbilical cord segments which were double-clamped at different time intervals after delivery. The fully-patent umbilical artery consists of two main layers: an outer layer of circularly arrange smooth muscle cells and an inner layer which shows rather irregularly and loosely arranged cells embedded in abundant metachromatic ground substance. No predominantly longitudinal arrangements of cells and fibers reported by earlier investigators could be identified in the inner layer.

Effect of early and late cord clamping on the systolic time intervals of the newborn infant.

The effect of early and late cord clamping on the left ventricular performance of the newborn infant was assessed by measuring the systolic time intervals from the indirect carotid pulse tracings and simultaneous phonocardiogram and electrocardiogram. The study was performed in 13 normal, full-term infants sequentially at 20-105 min, 6-6 1/2 hrs, and 24-27 hrs of age. The umbilical cords were clamped early in 7 (E.

Eleventh Edgar Mannheimer Lecture. Human fetal and neonatal circulation. Some structural and functional aspects.

Normally the neonatal circulation adjusts itself gradually during the first days of extrauterine life. The different closure rates of the major fetal vascular channels (umbilical vessels, ductus venosus, ductus arteriosus, and foramen ovale) permits smooth alterations in direction and size of shunts, should the balance of vascular resistance and pressure become upset. The study of the influence of placental transfusion on the cardio-respiratory adaptation has again demonstrated the great capacity of the transitional circulation to cope with all the strains involved in the reorganization of the circulatory system at birth.

Closure of the human umbilical artery: a physiological demonstration of Burton's theory.

30 umbilical cords of normal full-term infants were examined immediately after birth for closure of the arteries. Multiple constrictions were observed in the arteries at birth, which increased in number and degree with time. Between the constrictions there were segments of dilatations with trapped blood.