Clinical criteria for limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy.

Limbic predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy neuropathologic change (LATE-NC) is highly prevalent in late life and a common co-pathology with Alzheimer's disease neuropathologic change (ADNC). LATE-NC is a slowly progressive, amnestic clinical syndrome. Alternatively, when present with ADNC, LATE-NC is associated with a more rapid course.

Discrimination and sleep disturbance among older Black Americans: A longitudinal analysis of the Health and Retirement Study.

Objectives: Black and older adults have higher risk for sleep problems than their White and younger counterparts. Yet, our understanding of the determinants of sleep problems specifically among older Black adults is severely limited. The aim of this study was to determine whether everyday and major discrimination are longitudinally associated with sleep disturbance in a nationally representative sample of older Black adults.

Chronic stress exposure, social support, and sleep quality among African Americans: findings from the National Survey of American Life-Reinterview.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether social support from extended family and church members moderate the association between chronic stress exposure and sleep quality in a nationally representative sample of African American adults.

Design: Data from African American respondents aged 18 and older were drawn from the National Survey of American Life-Reinterview. The analytic sample for this study included 1,372 African American adults who attended religious services at least a few times a year, as the church-based relationship measures were only assessed for these individuals.

Circadian Gating of Thyroid Hormone Action in Hepatocytes.

Thyroid hormones, thyroxin (T) and the biologically active triiodothyronine (T), play important roles in liver metabolic regulation, including fatty acid biosynthesis, beta-oxidation, and cholesterol homeostasis. These functions position TH signaling as a potential target for the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Elevated T levels in the circulation are associated with increased hepatic lipid turnover, which is also under the control of the circadian clock system.

Ethno-racial differences in anxiety and depression impairment among emerging adults in higher education.

Background: Despite having higher exposure to stressors, many ethno-racial groups report similar or lower prevalence of clinical depression and anxiety compared to their White counterparts, despite experiencing greater psychosocial risk factors for poor mental health outcomes, thus presenting an epidemiological paradox. Ethno-racial differences in impairment, a diagnostic criterion, may in part explain this paradox.

Methods: We analyzed data from the Healthy Minds Study (2020-2021) and using survey-weighted linear mixed effects models, we tested whether there were ethno-racial differences in impairment across multiple ethno-racial groups at various levels of severity for anxiety and depression.

Depression impairment among young adult college students: exploring the racial paradox.

Background: Studies suggest Black Americans have a lower prevalence of depression than White Americans despite greater exposure to risk factors for depression across the life course. We examined whether this paradox exists among students in higher education, and whether the paradox may be partly explained by racial differences in reports of impairment from depression, which is a required criterion for clinical diagnosis.

Methods: We analyzed data from the Healthy Minds Study (2020-2021), restricting the sample to young adults (18-29) who identified as either Black or White.

The Genetic Testing Experience of Individuals with Parkinson's Disease.

Background: The perspective and experiences of individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) regarding genetic testing is limited.

Objectives: To determine if anticipated benefits and negative consequences of genetic testing noted in prior studies have occurred in a surveyed group of patients with PD and to identify reasons why some individuals with PD have not had testing.

Methods: Individuals were surveyed from 22 support/advocacy groups throughout the US.

The Novel, Clinical-Stage Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Activator BI 685509 Protects from Disease Progression in Models of Renal Injury and Disease.

Activation of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) to restore cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and improve functionality of nitric oxide (NO) pathways impaired by oxidative stress is a potential treatment of diabetic and chronic kidney disease. We report the pharmacology of BI 685509, a novel, orally active small molecule sGC activator with disease-modifying potential. BI 685509 and human sGC 1/1 heterodimer containing a reduced heme group produced concentration-dependent increases in cGMP that were elevated modestly by NO, whereas heme-free sGC and BI 685509 greatly enhanced cGMP with no effect of NO.

Race, Ethnicity, and Age Differences in Social Relationships and Obesity: Findings From the National Survey of American Life.

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine race, ethnicity, and age differences in the association between social relationships and body weight in a nationally representative sample of African American, Caribbean Black, and non-Hispanic White adults. : Data were drawn from the 2001-2003 National Survey of American Life ( = 5684). Multiple linear regressions were conducted to examine the links between race, ethnicity, and age with social relationships and weight.

Religious Involvement and Sleep Among Older African Americans.

This study sought to determine whether religious involvement is associated with sleep quality in a nationally representative sample of older African Americans. The analytic sample included African American respondents aged 55+ from the National Survey of American Life-Reinterview ( = 459). Religious involvement variables included service attendance, reading religious texts, watching religious television programs, listening to religious radio programs, prayer, and subjective religiosity.

The Moderating Role of Race and Ethnicity in the Relationship Between Negative Family Interactions and Mental Health Among Older Adults.

Background And Objectives: Studies generally show that negative social interactions are detrimental to mental health for older adults. Furthermore, empirical evidence suggests that negative interactions may function differently in relation to mental health across racial/ethnic groups given their unique life circumstances and social conditions. This study examines whether the association between negative family interactions and mental health outcomes varies by race and ethnicity.

Perceived colorism and lifetime psychiatric disorders among Black American adults: findings from the National Survey of American Life.

Colorism has been propagated across the globe, and skin tone discrimination may partly explain social stratification and health disparities within the Black American population. Using data from a large probability sample of Black American adults (National Survey of American Life; 2001-2003), we examined the relations between perceived colorism and psychiatric disorders. In multivariable logistic regression models, in-group colorism was associated with greater odds of having any lifetime psychiatric disorder (aOR: 1.

Neighborhood Characteristics and Inflammation Among Older Black Americans: The Moderating Effects of Hopelessness and Pessimism.

Background: Research documents the adverse health effects of systemic inflammation. Overall, older Black Americans tend to have higher inflammation than older non-Hispanic White adults. Given that inflammation is related to a range of chronic health problems that disproportionately affect Blacks compared to Whites, this racial disparity in inflammation may contribute to racial disparities in particular chronic health problems.

Biopsychosocial Risk Profiles Among African American and Non-Hispanic White Adults: Findings From The Health and Retirement Study.

Background: Compared to Whites, African Americans have elevated risk for earlier onset fatal and nonfatal chronic conditions and accelerated aging. Despite these persistent race disparities, the causes remain poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to define a biopsychosocial risk typology that might explain accelerated aging in African Americans.

Negative interactions with extended family and church members and subjective well-being among older African American women.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether negative interactions with family and church members are associated with indicators of subjective well-being (SWB) in a nationally representative sample of older African American women. The analytic sample ( = 537) was drawn from the National Survey of American Life. Linear regressions were used to assess the associations between negative interactions with family and church members and happiness, life satisfaction, and self-esteem.

Race, Obesity, and Mental Health Among Older Adults in the United States: A Literature Review.

Rising rates of obesity among older adults in the United States are a serious public health concern. While the physical health consequences of obesity are well documented, the mental health consequences are less understood. This is especially the case among older adults in general and among racial and ethnic minority older adults in particular.

Allergies, infections, and psychiatric disorders among Black Americans: findings from the National Survey of American Life.

An emerging body of literature shows that allergies and infections are associated with psychiatric disorders, though there is little research to confirm these associations among Black Americans in the United States. We analyzed data from the National Survey of American Life, and used multivariable logistic regression models to examine the associations between past 12-month allergies/infections and past 12-month psychiatric disorders, adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics, tobacco use, lifetime diabetes, and body mass index. We found that allergies/infections were associated with mood, anxiety, and eating disorders, but not alcohol or substance use disorders.

Profiles of sleep and depression risk among Caribbean Blacks.

Sleep problems are associated with a host of psychiatric disorders and have been attributed to race disparities in health and wellness. Studies of sleep and mental health do not typically consider within-group differences among Blacks. Thus, our understanding of how the sleep-mental health relationship among Caribbean Blacks is limited.

BrainWorks: A Comparative Effectiveness Trial to Examine Alzheimer's Disease Education for Community-Dwelling African Americans.

Objectives: To test a culturally tailored intervention to improve Alzheimer's disease (AD) literacy among African Americans.

Design: A 3-arm randomized comparative effectiveness trial.

Setting: Community sites in Los Angeles, CA.

Fundamental causes of barriers to participation in Alzheimer's clinical research among African Americans.

African Americans have a significantly higher risk than Whites for developing Alzheimer's disease (AD), but show lower participation in AD clinical trials. Studies of African Americans' involvement in clinical research have identified fear and mistrust of research as barriers to participation. Historical occurrences of unethical research practices are often cited as the source of these attitudes, but underlying factors such as African Americans' experiences of racism and discrimination remain unexplored.

Discrimination, Serious Psychological Distress, and Church-Based Emotional Support Among African American Men Across the Life Span.

Objective: This study tested whether church-based social support buffers the negative effects of discrimination on serious psychological distress (SPD) among three age groups-early, middle, and late adulthood-of African American men.

Methods: Negative binominal regression analyses for discrimination and SPD were performed using data from 1,271 African American men from the National Survey of American Life.

Results: Discrimination was positively associated with SPD for all age groups.

Wound Care Centers: Critical Thinking and Treatment Strategies for Wounds.

Many wound care centers (WCCs) provide a specialized level of care using various wound care therapies and are managed by quali ed healthcare professionals (QHPs) from di erent specialty backgrounds such as family medicine, podiatry, and plastic surgery. However, these QHPs are sometimes challenged by reimbursement issues, limited therapy and dressing options, reduced access to multidisciplinary team members, and cost-driven factors unique to WCCs. To help address these issues, a meeting was convened by an expert panel of WCC physicians to discuss best practices for treating complex patients in a WCC.