Prediction of Compressive Strength of Fly Ash-Recycled Mortar Based on Grey Wolf Optimizer-Backpropagation Neural Network.

The evaluation of the mechanical performance of fly ash-recycled mortar (FARM) is a necessary condition to ensure the efficient utilization of recycled fine aggregates. This article describes the design of nine mix proportions of FARMs with a low water/cement ratio and screens six mix proportions with reasonable flowability. The compressive strengths of FARMs were tested, and the influence of the water/cement ratio (/) and age on the compressive strength was analyzed.

Characteristics of Neonatal Sepsis and Predictive Values of Polyfunctional Assessment of Umbilical Cord Neutrophils Based on Single Cell Proteomic Secretion.

The early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis is crucial as it remains a prevalent cause of neonatal mortality. In this study, we conducted an analysis on the clinical data and detection indicators of 22 cases with sepsis and 62 cases without sepsis among neonates. Our findings indicate that the clinical signs observed in neonates with sepsis lack specificity.

Engineered nanovesicles from activated neutrophils with enriched bactericidal proteins have molecular debridement ability and promote infectious wound healing.

Background: Bacterial infections pose a considerable threat to skin wounds, particularly in the case of challenging-to-treat diabetic wounds. Systemic antibiotics often struggle to penetrate deep wound tissues and topically applied antibiotics may lead to sensitization, necessitating the development of novel approaches for effectively treating germs in deep wound tissues. Neutrophils, the predominant immune cells in the bloodstream, rapidly release an abundance of molecules via degranulation upon activation, which possess the ability to directly eliminate pathogens.

Construction and multicohort validation of a colon cancer prognostic risk score system based on big data of neutrophil-associated differentially expressed genes.

To investigate the role of neutrophils in colon cancer progression. Genetic data from 1,273 patients with colon cancer were procured from public databases and categorized based on genes linked to neutrophils through an unsupervised clustering approach. Through univariate Cox regression analysis, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) influencing overall survival (OS) were identified, forming the basis for establishing a prognostic risk score (PRS) system specific to colon cancer.

Investigation of Allogeneic Neutrophil Transfusion in Improving Survival Rates of Severe Infection Mice.

The management of granulocytopenia-associated infections is challenging, and a high mortality rate is associated with traditional supportive therapies. Neutrophils-the primary defenders of the human immune system-have potent bactericidal capabilities. Here, we investigated the dynamic in vivo distribution of neutrophil transfusion and their impact on the treatment outcome of severe granulocytopenic infections.

Stomatin promotes neutrophil degranulation and vascular leakage in the early stage after severe burn via enhancement of the intracellular binding of neutrophil primary granules to F-actin.

Background: The pathophysiology of severe burn injuries in the early stages involves complex emergency responses, inflammatory reactions, immune system activation, and a significant increase in vascular permeability. Neutrophils, crucial innate immune cells, undergo rapid mobilization and intricate pathophysiological changes during this period. However, the dynamic alterations and detailed mechanisms governing their biological behavior remain unclear.

DNase aggravates intestinal microvascular injury in IBD patients by releasing NET-related proteins.

Neutrophils accumulate in the inflammatory mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and excessive release of NETs (neutrophil extracellular traps may be one of the important factors that cause IBD progression. However, the specific mechanism underlying vascular injury caused by NETs remains unclear. Immunofluorescence, ELISA, and flow cytometry were used in this study to detect the expression of NETs and DNase in the tissue and peripheral blood samples of patients with IBD.

An injectable, activated neutrophil-derived exosome mimetics/extracellular matrix hybrid hydrogel with antibacterial activity and wound healing promotion effect for diabetic wound therapy.

Chronic diabetic wounds are primarily caused by infection, inflammation, and angiogenesis-related disorders. An ideal approach for treating chronic diabetic wounds is by combining anti-infection strategies, immune microenvironment regulation, and angiogenesis promotion. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) can promote the proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells, thereby promoting angiogenesis.

Neutrophil extracellular traps contribute to myofibroblast differentiation and scar hyperplasia through the Toll-like receptor 9/nuclear factor Kappa-B/interleukin-6 pathway.

Background: Inflammation is an important factor in pathological scarring. The role of neutrophils, one of the most important inflammatory cells, in scar hyperplasia remains unclear. The purpose of this article is to study the correlation between neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and scar hyperplasia and identify a new target for inhibiting scar hyperplasia.

Primitive genotypic characteristics in umbilical cord neutrophils identified by single-cell transcriptome profiling and functional prediction.

The function and heterogeneity of neutrophils in neonatal umbilical cord blood (UCB) have not been characterized. In this study, we analyzed the neutrophils in UCB and healthy adults using single-cell RNA sequencing analysis for the first time. We found that neutrophils divided into six subpopulations (G2, G3, G4, G5a, G5b, and G5c) with different marker genes and different functions under homeostasis.

CRISPR-Cas12a-activated palindrome-catalytic hairpin assembly for ultrasensitive fluorescence detection of HIV-1 DNA.

Accurate analysis of HIV DNA is valuable for the diagnosis of AIDS. Herein, an ultrasensitive and specific fluorescence method was developed for HIV-1 DNA detection based on CRISPR-Cas12a-activated palindrome-catalytic hairpin assembly (CRISPR-Cas12a-PCHA). The presence of HIV-1 DNA activated the trans-cleavage activity of CRISPR-Cas12a, which could continuously digest the DNA fragment of hairpins connected to magnetic beads to expose single-stranded RNA.

Molecular epidemiological characteristics of the virus in 96 children with acute diarrhea in Changdu of Tibet, China.

Objectives: To study the molecular epidemiological characteristics of the virus in children with acute viral diarrhea in Changdu of Tibet, China.

Methods: Fecal specimens were collected from 96 children with acute diarrhea who visited the People's Hospital of Changdu, Tibet, from November 2018 to November 2020 and were tested for adenovirus, norovirus, astrovirus, sapovirus, and rotavirus. Gene sequencing was performed for the genotypes of these viruses.

CD44/ERM/F-actin complex mediates targeted nuclear degranulation and excessive neutrophil extracellular trap formation during sepsis.

Neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) to capture and kill pathogens, but excessive NET release can damage the surrounding tissues. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and neutrophil elastase (NE) are thought to be important in promoting histone depolymerization and DNA breakage in the nucleus. However, the detailed path by which MPO and NE enter the nucleus is unknown.

Single-Cell Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Neutrophil Heterogeneity and Functional Multiplicity in the Early Stage of Severe Burn Patients.

The pathophysiological mechanisms, especially the roles of immune cells, underlying early stages of severe burn injury have not yet been fully clarified. Here, we analyzed circulating neutrophils (PMNs) in healthy donors and early burned patients by single-cell RNA sequencing to provide a comprehensive transcriptional landscape of PMNs in heterogeneity and functional multiplicity. Circulating PMNs in the healthy donors and burned groups were divided into five subgroups (G3, G4, G5a, G5b, G5c) with different functions.

Dysfunction of low-density neutrophils in peripheral circulation in patients with sepsis.

Low-density neutrophils (LDNs) have been described in tumors and various autoimmune diseases, where they exhibit immune dysfunction and alter disease progression. Nevertheless, LDNs have been rarely reported in sepsis. We studied sepsis patients admitted to the intensive care unit.

Splenic T lymphocytes induce the formation of immunosuppressive neutrophils through IFN-γ in sepsis.

Background: Despite many advances in treatment, the prognosis of patients with sepsis still remains poor. Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) are the first line of defense against infection. This study aimed to reveal the reason and mechanism of the production of PD-L1 PMNs in sepsis.

Neutrophil-derived heparin binding protein triggers vascular leakage and synergizes with myeloperoxidase at the early stage of severe burns (With video).

Background: Burn shock caused by vascular leakage is one of the main causes of high mortality in severe burn injury. However, the pathophysiological mechanism of vascular leakage is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the molecular mechanism of vascular leakage in the early stage of severe burn and provide a new target for the treatment of severe burns.

A novel computer vision-based assessment of neutrophil chemotaxis in patients with severe infection.

Objectives: To evaluate the value of chemotactic function of neutrophils in patients with severe infections.

Methods: A computer vision-based cellular chemotaxis analysis platform was established for the dynamic assessment of neutrophil chemotaxis. Fifty-three patients in the intensive care unit were eligible for the study.

[Neutrophils mediate T lymphocyte function in septic mice via the CD80/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 signaling pathway].

Objective: To investigate the effect of neutrophils on T lymphocyte function in septic mice and the role of CD80/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) signaling pathway in this modulated effects.

Methods: (1) In vivo experiment: 6-8 weeks old male C57BL/6 mice were divided into sham operation group (Sham group, n = 20), Sham+CTLA-4 antibody treatment group (Sham+aCTLA-4 group, n = 20), cecum ligation and perforation (CLP) induced sepsis model group (CLP group, n = 30) and CLP+CTLA-4 antibody treatment group (CLP+aCTLA-4 group, n = 30) according to the random number table. CLP was used to reproduce mouse sepsis model.

Ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of hepatitis C virus core antigen using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase amplification coupled with DNA nanowires.

Early diagnosis of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is essential to prevent disease from spreading and progression. Herein, a novel electrochemical biosensor was developed for ultrasensitive detection of HCV core antigen (HCVcAg) based on terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) amplification and DNA nanowires (DNW). After sandwich-type antibody-antigen recognition, the antibody-conjugated DNA was pulled to the electrode surface and further extended into a long DNA sequence by robust TdT reaction.

Investigation and assessment of neutrophil dysfunction early after severe burn injury.

Background: Extensive burn injury results in a complex immune response that is associated with mortality and prognosis. Studies on acquired immune and the development of sepsis in burn patients have been reported. However, one of the main cells in innate immune, neutrophil dysfunction in the burn shock stage has not been thoroughly characterized.

Site-Specific Photochemical Desaturation Enables Divergent Syntheses of Sesquiterpenes.

Desaturation of unactivated alkanes remains a challenging yet desirable strategy to make olefins. The sesquiterpenes usually possess highly oxygenated cage-like architectures, and some of them exhibit prominent neurotrophic effects. Here, we disclose a unique photochemical desaturation strategy for the efficient, highly stereocontrolled total syntheses of five sesquiterpenes from inexpensive ()-pulegone, featuring a 13-step gram-scale synthesis of (-)-merrilactone A.

Asymmetric Total Synthesis of (+)-Majusculoic Acid via a Dimerization-Dedimerization Strategy and Absolute Configuration Assignment.

The first total synthesis of (+)-majusculoic acid, the enantiomer of naturally occurring antifungal cyclopropane fatty acid (-)-majusculoic acid, was accomplished in 13 steps, leading to the assignment of the absolute configuration of the natural product. The synthesis featured a ring closing metathesis dimerization, a conformationally controlled cyclopropanation, a dedimerization, and a bromoolefination.

Disrupted Default Mode Network and Basal Craving in Male Heroin-Dependent Individuals: A Resting-State fMRI Study.

Background: Craving is associated with a high probability of relapse. However, the relationship between functional connectivity in the default mode network (DMN) during resting state and basal craving of heroin-dependent individuals remains unknown.

Methods: Data used in the present study were collected between August 10, 2009, and June 28, 2011.