Characterization of the Priestia megaterium ZS-3 siderophore and studies on its growth-promoting effects.

Background: The ability of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to alleviate iron deficiency-induced chlorosis in plants has been widely reported, but the role of siderophores in the re-greening process has rarely been investigated. In this study, the Priestia megaterium ZS-3 (ZS-3) siderophore was first characterized, and a 100-fold concentration of the crude extract of the siderophore was extracted by solid-phase extraction and used to inoculate Arabidopsis thaliana to investigate whether the ZS-3 siderophore could alleviate plant iron deficiency-induced chlorosis in the presence of an insoluble iron source and to determine how it promoted plant growth.

Results: The results indicated that -Fe + FeO (FeO) treatment induced a decrease in plant growth and iron nutritional status compared with those in the 1/2 MS (one-half-strength Murashige and Skoog medium).

Insights into the response mechanisms of Tetradesmus obliquus to aged polylactic acid and tetracycline exposure via transcriptome analysis and physiological evaluations.

Microplastics (MPs) and antibiotics, identified as emerging pollutants, are extensively prevalent in aquatic environments and display prolonged durability. Unlike conventional plastics, biodegradable plastics are more susceptible to decomposition in the environment, resulting in the generation of microplastics and posing potential risks to the aquatic ecosystems. In this study, we assessed growth inhibition, chlorophyll a content, malondialdehyde content (MDA), and antioxidant enzyme activities.

Olig2-enriched exosomes: A novel therapeutic approach for cuprizone-induced demyelination.

The research aims to study the therapeutic impact of HEK293-XPack-Olig2 cell-derived exosomes on remyelination of the corpus callosum in a cuprizone-induced demyelinating disease model. A lentiviral vector expressing Olig2 was constructed using XPack technology. The highly abundant Olig2 exosomes (ExoOs) were isolated by centrifugation for subsequent experiments.

Firefly toxin lucibufagins evolved after the origin of bioluminescence.

Fireflies were believed to originally evolve their novel bioluminescence as warning signals to advertise their toxicity to predators, which was later adopted in adult mating. Although the evolution of bioluminescence has been investigated extensively, the warning signal hypothesis of its origin has not been tested. In this study, we test this hypothesis by systematically determining the presence or absence of firefly toxin lucibufagins (LBGs) across firefly species and inferring the time of origin of LBGs.

Different microbial functional traits drive bulk and rhizosphere soil phosphorus mobilization in an alpine meadow after nitrogen input.

Enhanced nitrogen (N) input is expected to influence the soil phosphorus (P) cycling through biotic and abiotic factors. Among these factors, soil microorganisms play a vital role in regulating soil P availability. However, the divergent contribution of functional microorganisms to soil P availability in the rhizosphere and bulk soil under N addition remains unclear.

Lrp13a and Lrp13b serve as vitellogenin receptors in the ovary of zebrafish†.

In oviparous animals, egg yolk is largely derived from vitellogenin, which is taken up from the maternal circulation by the growing oocytes via the vitellogenin receptor. Recently, a novel member of the lipoprotein receptor superfamily termed low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 13 was identified and proposed as a candidate of vitellogenin receptor in oviparous animals. However, the roles of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 13 in vitellogenesis are still poorly defined.

Low-threshold lasing from bound states in the continuum with dielectric metasurfaces.

Bound states in the continuum (BICs) with extremely large quality factors (Q factors) can enhance the light-matter interaction and thus achieve low-threshold lasing. Here, we theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate the low-threshold lasing at room temperature based on BICs. A threshold of approximately 306.

Mechanism of Salt Tolerance and Plant Growth Promotion in ZS-3 Revealed by Cellular Metabolism and Whole-Genome Studies.

Approximately one-third of agricultural land worldwide is affected by salinity, which limits the productivity and sustainability of crop ecosystems. Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a potential solution to this problem, as PGPR increases crop yield through improving soil fertility and stress resistance. Previous studies have shown that ZS-3(ZS-3) can effectively help plants tolerate salinity stress.

Droplet microarray platforms for high-throughput drug screening.

High-throughput screening platforms are fundamental for the rapid and efficient processing of large amounts of experimental data. Parallelization and miniaturization of experiments are important for improving their cost-effectiveness. The development of miniaturized high-throughput screening platforms is essential in the fields of biotechnology, medicine, and pharmacology.

PD-1 blockade combined with ICE regimen in relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

The prognosis of relapsed/refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is poor. The efficacy of salvage therapy with ICE (ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide) is limited. DLBCL can evade immune surveillance by upregulating programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1).

Geometrical Theory of Electromagnetic Nonreciprocity.

Recent advances in electromagnetic nonreciprocity raise the question of how to engineer the nonreciprocal electromagnetic response with geometrical approaches. In this Letter, we examine this problem by introducing generalized electromagnetic continua consisting structured points, which carry extra degrees of freedom over coordinate transformation. We show that general nonreciprocal media have a unique time-varying Riemannian metric structure with local spinning components.

Case Report: The effective treatment of patients in advanced no-small cell lung cancer patients with EGFR G719X/S768I/L861Q and acquired MET amplification: A case series and literature review.

Preclinical cases suggest that EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) plus MET TKIs are a potential therapy for non-classical EGFR mutant lung cancers with MET amplification acquired resistance. Herein, we report for the first time the effectiveness of novel combination treatment regimens for patients with EGFR G719X/S768I/L861Q. Until the last follow-up assessment, two patients demonstrated improved survival after they switched to afatinib combined with savolitinib (PFS: 10 months) and furmonertinib combined with crizotinib (PFS: 6 months), respectively, that did not observed increased incidence and severity of adverse events.

Model Emulsions Stabilized with Nonionic Surfactants: Structure and Rheology Across Catastrophic Phase Inversion.

The catastrophic phase inversion process of model emulsions (water/Span 80-Tween 80/heptane) from oil-in-water to water-in-oil emulsion was investigated. During this process, the phase inversion of the emulsion was monitored through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). In emulsions without NaCl, oil-in-water gel emulsions are formed prior to phase inversion.

NSCLC patients with rare Ex19del/G724S mutation showed good response to afatinib combined with chemotherapy treatment: A two-case report.

G724S mutation in exon 18 has been shown to be resistant to both first- and third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). However, we found a rare mutation of Ex19del/G724S in two patients with lung cancer who demonstrated a favorable response to the combination of afatinib and chemotherapy. Identified by next-generation sequencing (NGS), G724S was found from a primary and a secondary tumor biopsy, respectively.

Mie Resonances Enabled Subtractive Structural Colors with Low-Index-Contrast Silicon Metasurfaces.

All-dielectric structural colors are attracting increasing attention due to their great potential for various applications in display devices, imaging security certification, optical data storage, and so on. However, it remains a great challenge to achieve vivid structural colors with low-aspect-ratio silicon nanostructures directly on a silicon substrate, which is highly desirable for future integrated optoelectronic devices. The main obstacle comes from the difficulty in achieving strong Mie resonances by Si nanostructures on low-index-contrast substrates.

Gut-specific cardenolide-resistant sodium pump primed an omnivore to feed on toxic oleander.

Apocynaceae plants produce toxic cardenolides to defend against their herbivores. Cardenolides could inhibit the α subunit of Na⁄K-ATPase (ATPα), which plays critical roles in biological processes such as muscle contraction, neural function, and osmoregulation. Numerous herbivores that specialized on cardenolides-producing milkweeds carry parallel molecular changes in ATPα that confer resistance.

Retraction of "Isovitexin modulates autophagy in Alzheimer's disease via miR-107 signalling".

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2020-0109.].

Surface modification of cellulose via photo-induced click reaction.

To pursue highly functional ecologically friendly materials, functionalized cellulose has gained increasing number of research interests within the last decades. Compared with other cellulose modification approaches, surface modification of cellulose via photo-induced click reaction is a particular attractive cellulose modification strategy as it integrates the advantages of photochemistry, click reaction and surface modification. High efficiency, quantitative conversion and spatial temporal control are achieved.

Precipitation increase counteracts warming effects on plant and soil C:N:P stoichiometry in an alpine meadow.

Temperature and precipitation are expected to increase in the forthcoming decades in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, with uncertain effects of their interaction on plant and soil carbon:nitrogen:phosphorus (C:N:P) stoichiometry in alpine ecosystems. A two-year field experiment was conducted to examine the effects of warming, precipitation increase, and their interaction on soil and plant C:N:P stoichiometry at functional groups and community level in an alpine meadow. Warming increased aboveground biomass of legumes and N:P ratios of grasses and community, but did not affect soil C:N:P stoichiometry.

Soil properties rather than plant diversity mediate the response of soil bacterial community to N and P additions in an alpine meadow.

The alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, which is susceptible to global climate change and human activities, is subject to nutrient addition such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) to enhance soil available nutrients and ecosystem productivity. Soil bacterial community partly drivers the effects of nutrient additions on ecosystem processes, whereas the factors influencing N and P additions on bacterial community in alpine meadows are not well documented. We conducted a N and P addition experiment in an alpine meadow ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau with four treatments: untreated control (CK), N addition (N), P addition (P), and NP addition (NP).