Breastmilk calcium concentrations in Palestinian lactating women.

Aim: Breastmilk calcium concentrations can vary between lactating women and over the lactation period. This study assessed breastmilk calcium concentrations among Palestinian lactating women.

Methods: The demographic and dietary variables of the lactating women were collected using a questionnaire.

Breastmilk cadmium levels and estimated infant exposure: a multicenter study of associated factors in a resource-limited country.

Background: Despite the undisputed benefits of breastfeeding, infants might become exposed to xenobiotics that could be excreted into breast milk following maternal exposure. This study was conducted to assess breastmilk cadmium levels among lactating women in Palestine, a resource-limited country. Estimated daily intake (EDI) of cadmium via breastmilk was also calculated and predictors of high breastmilk cadmium levels and high infant exposure via breastmilk were identified.