Intestinal endogenous metabolites affect neuroinflammation in 5×FAD mice by mediating "gut-brain" axis and the intervention with Chinese Medicine.

Background: Emerging evidence suggested the association between gut dysbiosis and Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. However, it remained unclear how the gut microbiome and neuroinflammation in the brain mutually interact or how these interactions affect brain functioning and cognition. Here we hypothesized that "gut-brain" axis mediated by microbial derived metabolites was expected to novel breakthroughs in the fields of AD research and development.

Comprehensive Identification and Expression Analysis of the Multidrug and Toxic Compound Extrusion (MATE) Gene Family in .

The Multidrug and Toxic Compound Extrusion (MATE) proteins serve as pivotal transporters responsible for the extrusion of metabolites, thereby playing a significant role in both plant development and the detoxification of toxins. The gene family within the , which is an important model organism of the Poaceae family, remains largely unexplored. Here, a comprehensive identification and analysis of genes that complement were conducted.

DNA Methylation and Subgenome Dominance Reveal the Role of Lipid Metabolism in Jinhu Grouper Heterosis.

Heterosis of growth traits in economic fish has benefited the production of aquaculture for many years, yet its genetic and molecular basis has remained obscure. Nowadays, a new germplasm of hybrid Jinhu grouper ( ♀ × ♂), abbreviated as EFT, exhibiting paternal-biased growth heterosis, has provided an excellent model for investigating the potential regulatory mechanisms of heterosis. We integrated transcriptome and methylome to unravel the changes of gene expression, epigenetic modification, and subgenome dominance in EFT compared with maternal .

Exploring the Biomarkers and Potential Mechanisms of Botulinum Toxin Type A in the Treatment of Microglial Inflammatory Activation through P2X7 Receptors based on Transcriptome Sequencing.

Aims: This study aims to explore the potential mechanism by which Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/ A) inhibits microglial inflammatory activation through P2X7 receptors (P2X7R).

Background: BoNT/A is a promising analgesic drug, and previous studies have established that it alleviates Neuropathic Pain (NP) by inhibiting microglial inflammatory activation. This study examined the biomarkers and potential mechanisms by which BoNT/A relieves neuropathic pain by mediating microglial P2X7R and analyzing transcriptome sequencing data from mouse BV-2 microglial cells.

Far-infrared radiation and its therapeutic parameters: A superior alternative for future regenerative medicine?

In future regenerative medicine, far-infrared radiation (FIR) may be an essential component of optical therapy. Many studies have confirmed or validated the efficacy and safety of FIR in various diseases, benefiting from new insights into FIR mechanisms and the excellent performance of many applications. However, the lack of consensus on the biological effects and therapeutic parameters of FIR limits its practical applications in the clinic.

1β-Hydroxydeoxycholic Acid as an Endogenous Biomarker in Human Plasma for Assessment of CYP3A Clinical Drug-Drug Interaction Potential.

4-Hydroxycholesterol (4-HC) in plasma has been used as a biomarker to assess CYP3A drug-drug interaction (DDI) potential during drug development. However, due to the long half-life and narrow dynamic range of 4-HC, its use has been limited to the identification of CYP3A inducers, but not CYP3A inhibitors. The formation of 1-hydroxydeoxycholic acid (1-OH DCA) from deoxycholic acid (DCA) is mediated by CYP3A, thus 1-OH DCA can potentially serve as an alternative to 4-HC for assessment of CYP3A DDI potential.

Effects of Long-Term Cryopreservation on the Transcriptomes of Giant Grouper Sperm.

The giant grouper fish (), one of the largest and rarest groupers, is a fast-growing economic fish. Grouper sperm is often used for cross-breeding with other fish and therefore sperm cryopreservation is important. However, freezing damage cannot be avoided.

Self-Assembled Ring-Based Complex Colloidal Particles by Lock-And-Key Interaction and Their Self-Assembly into Unusual Colloidal Crystals.

Creating hierarchical crystalline materials using simple colloids or nanoparticles is very challenging, as it is usually impossible to achieve hierarchical structures without nonhierarchical colloidal interactions. Here, we present a hierarchical self-assembly (SA) route that employs colloidal rings and anisotropic colloidal particles to form complex colloids and uses them as building blocks to form unusual colloidal columnar liquid crystals or crystals. This route is realized by designing hierarchical SA driving forces that is controlled by the colloidal shape and shape-dependent depletion attraction.

Silencing of circ_0088036 inhibits growth and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma through miR-203/SP1 axis.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Circular RNA (circRNA) circ_0088036 is a recently discovered circRNA known for its roles in rheumatoid arthritis. The study aimed to study the function of circ_0088036 in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Elucidating the causal landscape: Mendelian randomization analysis of lifestyle and physiological factors in stress urinary incontinence.

Purpose: To explore the potential causal links between obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and lifestyle choices (such as smoking, alcohol and coffee consumption, and vigorous physical activity) on stress urinary incontinence (SUI), this study employs a Mendelian Randomization approach. This research aims to clarify these associations, which have been suggested but not conclusively established in prior observational studies.

Methods: Genetic instruments associated with the exposures at the genome-wide significance (p < 5 × 10) were selected from corresponding genome-wide association studies.

A Pilot Study To Assess the Suitability of Riboflavin As a Surrogate Marker of Breast Cancer Resistance Protein in Healthy Participants.

We recently showed that riboflavin is a selected substrate of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) over P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and demonstrated its prediction performance in preclinical drug-drug interaction (DDI) studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the suitability of riboflavin to assess BCRP inhibition in humans. First, we assessed the substrate potential of riboflavin toward other major drug transporters using established transfected cell systems.

Botulinum Toxin Type A Alleviates Androgenetic Alopecia by Inhibiting Apoptosis of Dermal Papilla Cells via Targeting circ_0135062/miR-506-3p/Bax Axis.

Botulinum toxin type A (BTXA) has the potential to treat androgenetic alopecia (AGA); however, its impact on the apoptosis of dermal papillary cells (DPCs) is not yet fully understood. Noncoding RNAs play a crucial role in AGA. In this study, we investigated the potential mechanism by which BTXA alleviates apoptosis induced by dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in DPCs.

Comprehensive investigation of BZR gene family in four dicots and the function of PtBZR9 and PtBZR12 under drought stress.

Brassinazole-resistant (BZR) transcription factor plays an important role in plant growth and stress resistance through brassinosteroid (BR) signal transduction. However, systematic analysis of the BZR family in dicots remains limited. In this study, we conducted a genome-wide study of four typical dicots: Arabidopsis thaliana, Carica papaya, Vitis vinifera and Populus trichocarpa.

Maxillofacial growth changes after maxillary protraction therapy in children with class III malocclusion: a dual control group retrospective study.

Purpose: To investigate the balance between post-treatment effect and continued nature growth after maxillary protraction treatment in patients with skeletal class III malocclusion.

Methods: 31 patients aged 8.79 ± 1.

CiAP2/ERF65 and CiAP2/ERF106, a pair of homologous genes in pecan (Carya illinoensis), regulate plant responses during submergence in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana.

When plants are entirely submerged, photosynthesis and respiration are severely restricted, affecting plant growth and potentially even causing plant death. The AP2/ERF superfamily has been widely reported to play a vital role in plant growth, development and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, no relevant studies exist on flooding stress in pecan.

Evaluation of therapeutic benefits of botulinum toxin for foot dystonia associated with Parkinson's disease.

Background: Foot dystonia occurs in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and leads to pain, malformation, and difficulty with walking. Botulinum toxin injections may be effective for foot dystonia, but the extent of improvement and effects on motor function are unclear.

Methods: In this study, we performed botulinum toxin injections for foot dystonia in 25 patients with PD.

Huanglian Jiedu Wan intervened with "Shi-Re Shanghuo" syndrome through regulating immune balance mediated by biomarker succinate.

With increasing stress in daily life and work, subhealth conditions induced by "Shi-Re Shanghuo" syndrome was gradually universal. "Huanglian Jiedu Wan" (HLJDW) was the first new syndrome Chinese medicine approved for the treatment of "Shi-Re Shanghuo" with promising clinical efficacy. Preliminary small-sample clinical studies have identified some notable biomarkers (succinate, 4-hydroxynonenal, etc.

Geranyl diphosphate synthase large subunits OfLSU1/2 interact with small subunit OfSSUII and are involved in aromatic monoterpenes production in Osmanthus fragrans.

Osmanthus fragrans is a famous ornamental tree species for its pleasing floral fragrance. Monoterpenoids are the core floral volatiles of O. fragrans flowers, which have tremendous commercial value.

Mutant p53 ameliorates inflammatory arthritis in AIA rats via inhibition of TBK1-IRF3 innate immune response.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammation disease characterized by imbalance of immune homeostasis. p53 mutants are commonly described as the guardian of cancer cells by conferring them drug-resistance and immune evasion. Importantly, p53 mutations have also been identified in RA patients, and this prompts the investigation of its role in RA pathogenesis.

Biotransformed bear bile powder ameliorates diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in mice through modulating arginine biosynthesis via FXR/PXR-PI3K-AKT-NOS3 axis.

NASH is a highly prevalent metabolic syndrome that has no specific approved agents up to now. BBBP, which mainly contains bile acids, possess various pharmacological properties and some bile acids are available for NASH treatment. Herein, the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of BBBP against NASH were systemically evaluated.

-Acetylcysteine overcomes epalrestat-mediated increase of toxic 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and potentiates the anti-arthritic effect of epalrestat in AIA model.

Epalrestat, an aldose reductase inhibitor (ARI), has been clinically adopted in treating diabetic neuropathy in China and Japan. Apart from the involvement in diabetic complications, AR has been implicated in inflammation. Here, we seek to investigate the feasibility of clinically approved ARI, epalrestat, for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).