The median effective dose of ciprofol combined with sufentanil in suppressing the laryngeal mask airway insertion response in both young and older adult patients.

Background: Ciprofol, a novel intravenous anesthetic, exhibits similar sedation mechanisms and pharmacokinetic properties to propofol. However, ciprofol demonstrates greater potency and is associated with reduced injection pain compared to propofol. Given the varying sensitivities to anesthetic agents across different age groups, this study aims to determine the median effective dose (ED) of ciprofol required to suppress the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion response in both young and older adult patients, as well as to assess its potential adverse reactions.

Efficacy and Safety of Remimazolam Versus Etomidate for Induction of General Anesthesia: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Postinduction hypotension (PIHO) is a hemodynamic abnormality commonly observed during the induction of general anesthesia. Etomidate is considered a safer drug for the induction of anesthesia because it has only minor adverse effects on the cardiovascular and pulmonary systems. Recent evidence indicates that the novel benzodiazepine remimazolam has minimal inhibitory effects on the circulation and respiration.

The research progress of perioperative non-pharmacological interventions on postoperative cognitive dysfunction: a narrative review.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common neurological complication in elderly patients after surgery and general anesthesia. The occurrence of POCD seriously affects the postoperative recovery of patients, and leads to prolonged hospital stay, reduced quality of life, increased medical costs, and even higher mortality. There is no definite and effective drug treatment for POCD.

Effect of thoracic paravertebral nerve block on delirium in patients after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Nerve blocks are widely used in various surgeries to alleviate postoperative pain and promote recovery. However, the impact of nerve block on delirium remains contentious. This study aims to systematically evaluate the influence of Thoracic Paravertebral Nerve Block (TPVB) on the incidence of delirium in patients post Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS).

Minimal alveolar concentration of sevoflurane in combination with remimazolam in adults during laryngeal mask insertion: an up-down sequential allocation study.

Background: Remimazolam is a novel ultrashort-acting intravenous benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotic. The combination of remimazolam and sevoflurane does not increase respiratory sensitivity, produce bronchospasm, or cause other adverse conditions. We aimed to observe the effects of different remimazolam doses on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane at end-expiration during laryngeal mask insertion and evaluate the effect of sex on the efficacy of the combination of remimazolam on the suppression of laryngeal mask insertion in adult patients.

Propofol-induced anesthesia involves the direct inhibition of glutamatergic neurons in the lateral hypothalamus.

Propofol is the most widely used intravenous general anesthetic; however, the neuronal circuits that mediate its anesthetic effects are still poorly understood. Glutamatergic neurons in the lateral hypothalamus have been reported to be involved in maintenance of arousal and consciousness. Using Vglut2-Cre transgenic mice, we recorded this group of cells specifically and found that propofol can directly inhibit the glutamatergic neurons, and enhance inhibitory synaptic inputs on these cells, thereby reducing neuronal excitability.

Preoperative cognitive training improves postoperative cognitive function: a meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and postoperative delirium (POD) are common post-surgical complications that often lead to prolonged hospitalization, reduced quality of life, increased healthcare costs, and increased patient mortality. We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of preoperative cognitive function training on postoperative cognitive function.

Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, VIP Database, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database were searched for randomized controlled trials comparing the effects of preoperative cognitive function training and conventional preoperative measures on postoperative cognitive function.

Design, Synthesis, and Anti-Osteoporotic Characterization of Arginine -Glycosylated Teriparatide Analogs via the Silver-catalyzed Solid-Phase Glycosylation Strategy.

In spite of effective antiosteoporosis potency, teriparatide, a bone-building agent approved by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration), was proven to exhibit various side effects. In our previous work, we developed a universal strategy for synthesizing arginine -glycosylated peptides termed silver-promoted solid-phase glycosylation (SSG) strategy. However, it is unknown whether the SSG strategy can be applied in the peptide drug design.

A comb-brushing-type green soybean pod harvesting equipment: Design and experiment.

To solve the problem of low efficiency of manual harvesting of green soybeans and lack of adaptable harvesters, in this study, a brushing-type green soybean harvester was designed. The comb-brushing type green soybean pod harvesting equipment is composed of a front-mounted separation drum, a full-width material delivery mechanism, a negative pressure cleaning system, and a stalk-pod separation system. Based on the operation requirements of the front-mounted brushing-type detachment drum, the drum parameters, parameters of comb arrangement, and structural parameters of the comb, the force analysis in detachment was performed.

Influence of external electric field on electronic structure and optical properties of β-GaO: a DFT study.

The influence of different electric fields on the electronic structure and optical properties of β-GaO was studied by GGA+ method. The results show that appropriate electric field intensity can regulate the band gap of β-GaO more effectively to improve the photoelectric characteristics. The band gap value of intrinsic β-GaO is 4.

Effects of perioperative cognitive function training on postoperative cognitive dysfunction and postoperative delirium: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown conflicting results regarding the effects of perioperative cognitive training (CT) on the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and postoperative delirium (POD). We, therefore, performed a meta-analysis to assess the overall effects of studies on this topic.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science for all RCTs and cohort studies that investigated the effects of perioperative CT on the incidence of POCD and POD.

Silver-promoted solid-phase guanidinylation enables the first synthesis of arginine glycosylated Samoamide A cyclopeptide analogue.

Cyclization and glycosylation serve as effective approaches for enhancing the drug properties of peptides. Distinct from typical glycosylation, atypical arginine N-glycosylation has drawn increasing attention due to its fundamental role in various cellular procedures and signaling pathways. We previously developed a robust strategy for constructing arginine N-glycosylated peptides characterized by silver-promoted solid-phase guanidinylation.

Double-bundle versus single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in preventing the progression of osteoarthritis: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The knee has a high incidence of osteoarthritis (OA) following the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, which was reduced by ACL reconstruction including double-bundle (DB) techniques and single-bundle (SB) techniques. However, the effectiveness of preventing the progression of OA after the ACL reconstruction using DB and SB techniques is controversial.

Methods: This meta-analysis was performed following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines.

A toolbox of diverse arginine N-glycosylated peptides and specific antibodies.

Among posttranslational modifications, atypical arginine N-glycosylation has drawn increasing interest due to its fundamental role in various cellular procedures and signaling pathways. The efficient synthesis of arginine N-glycosylated substrates, as well as the generation of specific antibodies, remains challenging. This work describes the efficient synthesis of diverse arginine N-glycosylated peptides, in a process termed silver-promoted solid-phase glycosylation (SGG).

Incidence and outcomes of acute kidney disease in patients after type A aortic dissection surgery.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI), acute kidney disease (AKD) and CKD (chronic kidney disease) were a continuous process. There has been little discussion of risk factors for AKD in the population undergoing surgery for acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD).

Objective: The main objective of this study was to investigate the risk factors for AKD after surgery for acute type A aortic dissection and the impact of AKD on early and late mortality.

Machine learning prediction of postoperative unplanned 30-day hospital readmission in older adult.

Although unplanned hospital readmission is an important indicator for monitoring the perioperative quality of hospital care, few published studies of hospital readmission have focused on surgical patient populations, especially in the elderly. We aimed to investigate if machine learning approaches can be used to predict postoperative unplanned 30-day hospital readmission in old surgical patients. We extracted demographic, comorbidity, laboratory, surgical, and medication data of elderly patients older than 65 who underwent surgeries under general anesthesia in West China Hospital, Sichuan University from July 2019 to February 2021.

Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Immunological Roles of HELLS in Pan-Cancer: A Bioinformatics Analysis.

Background: Inappropriate repair of DNA damage drives carcinogenesis. Lymphoid-specific helicase (HELLS) is an important component of the chromatin remodeling complex that helps repair DNA through various mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone posttranslational modification, and nucleosome remodeling. Its role in human cancer initiation and progression has garnered recent attention.

Incidence- and In-hospital Mortality-Related Risk Factors of Acute Kidney Injury Requiring Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Acute Type a Aortic Dissection.

Few studies on the risk factors for postoperative continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in a homogeneous population of patients with acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD). This retrospective analysis aimed to investigate the risk factors for CRRT and in-hospital mortality in the patients undergoing AAAD surgery and to discuss the perioperative comorbidities and short-term outcomes. The study collected electronic medical records and laboratory data from 432 patients undergoing surgery for AAAD between March 2009 and June 2021.

Methodological quality for systematic reviews of adverse events with surgical interventions: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: An increasing number of systematic reviews assessed the safety of surgical interventions over time. How well these systematic reviews were designed and conducted determines the reliability of evidence. In this study, we aimed to assess the methodological quality of systematic reviews on the safety of surgical interventions.

The Incidence, Risk Factors and In-Hospital Mortality of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients After Surgery for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis of 335 Patients.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of cardiac surgery, which could lead to increased morbidity and mortality. Acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD) is a life-threatening cardiac disease and can be closely related to post-operative AKI. However, data on the incidence of AKI defined by the newest Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria and in-hospital mortality of a homogeneous population who underwent AAAD are limited.

Intranasal dexmedetomidine versus oral chloral hydrate for diagnostic procedures sedation in infants and toddlers: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Intranasal dexmedetomidine is a relatively new way to sedate young children undergoing nonpainful diagnostic procedures. We performed a meta-analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of intranasal dexmedetomidine in young children with those of oral chloral hydrate, which has been a commonly used method for decades.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for all randomized controlled trials that compared intranasal dexmedetomidine with oral chloral hydrate in children undergoing diagnostic procedures.

Diastereoselective Syntheses of Spiro[indoline-3,4'-pyridin]-2-yl Carbamates via AgOTf/PhP-Catalyzed Tandem Cyclizations of Tryptamine-Ynesulfonamides.

Spiro[indoline-3,4'-piperidine] is a significant structural scaffold in numerous polycyclic indole alkaloids with a variety of bioactivities. In this study, a synthetic strategy was developed to access spiro[indoline-3,4'-pyridin]-2-yl carbamate via an AgOTf/PPh-catalyzed tandem cyclization of tryptamine-ynesulfonamides. The unique feature of this strategy is the efficient intermolecular capturing of the in situ generated spiroindoleninium intermediates with carbamates, leading to the diastereoselective syntheses of spiro[indoline-3,4'-pyridin]-2-yl carbamate derivatives.