Associated Factors of Trauma Severity and Mortality in Pediatric Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit; a 10-Year Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Trauma is a significant global public health concern and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children. This study aimed to assess the independent predictors of trauma severity as well as mortality in pediatric patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, following the STROBE checklist, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical and baseline characteristics of pediatric patients with trauma injuries admitted to the ICU of Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China, over a decade.

Elevated total bile acid levels as an independent predictor of mortality in pediatric sepsis.

Background: The close relationship between bile acid (BA) metabolism and sepsis has been investigated in recent years, as knowledge of the role of the gut microbiome and metabolomics in sepsis has grown and become more comprehensive.

Methods: Patients with sepsis who were admitted to the PICU of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2016 to December 2021 were enrolled in this study. Preoperative non-infectious pediatric patients undergoing elective surgeries in our hospital's department of surgery were recruited as controls during the same period.

Epidemiological analysis of a 10-year retrospective study of pediatric trauma in intensive care.

Pediatric trauma plays a crucial role in pediatric mortality, with traffic injuries and falls frequently cited as leading causes of significant injuries among children. A comprehensive investigation, including geographical factors, is essential for developing effective strategies to prevent injuries and alleviate the burden of pediatric trauma. This study involved a retrospective analysis of clinical data from pediatric patients admitted to our hospital's intensive care unit (ICU) due to trauma over a 10-year period.

A nomogram for predicting hemorrhagic shock in pediatric patients with multiple trauma.

The timely detection and management of hemorrhagic shock hold paramount importance in clinical practice. This study was designed to establish a nomogram that may facilitate early identification of hemorrhagic shock in pediatric patients with multiple-trauma. A retrospective study was conducted utilizing a cohort comprising 325 pediatric patients diagnosed with multiple-trauma, who received treatment at the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang, China.

A Patient Similarity Network (CHDmap) to Predict Outcomes After Congenital Heart Surgery: Development and Validation Study.

Background: Although evidence-based medicine proposes personalized care that considers the best evidence, it still fails to address personal treatment in many real clinical scenarios where the complexity of the situation makes none of the available evidence applicable. "Medicine-based evidence" (MBE), in which big data and machine learning techniques are embraced to derive treatment responses from appropriately matched patients in real-world clinical practice, was proposed. However, many challenges remain in translating this conceptual framework into practice.

The epidemiological characteristics of pediatric head injury in Hangzhou, China: a retrospective study based on cranial CT examinations.

Primary Objective: This study aims to create a pediatric head injury database based on cranial CT examinations and explore their epidemiologic characteristics.

Methods: Data related to cranial CT examinations of pediatric head injuries from March 2014 to March 2021 were collected at outpatient and emergency department of a pediatric medical center. The causes of injury, observable post-injury symptoms, and cranial injury findings were extracted with the assistance of natural language processing techniques.

RDmaster: A novel phenotype-oriented dialogue system supporting differential diagnosis of rare disease.

Background: Clinicians often lack the necessary expertise to differentially diagnose multiple underlying rare diseases (RDs) due to their complex and overlapping clinical features, leading to misdiagnoses and delayed treatments. The aim of this study is to develop a novel electronic differential diagnostic support system for RDs.

Method: Through integrating two Bayesian diagnostic methods, a candidate list was generated with enhance clinical interpretability for the further Q&A based differential diagnosis (DDX).

Use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in children with burn injury: Case report and literature review.

Rationale: Burns are one of the most debilitating injuries in the world and one of the major causes of accidental disability and death among children. Severe burns can result in irreversible brain damage, placing patients at high risk of brain failure and high mortality. Therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment of burn encephalopathy are crucial for improving prognosis.

Mechanosensitive channel MscL induces non-apoptotic cell death and its suppression of tumor growth by ultrasound.

Mechanosensitive channel of large conductance (MscL) is the most thoroughly studied mechanosensitive channel in prokaryotes. Owing to its small molecular weight, clear mechanical gating mechanism, and nanopore forming ability upon opening, accumulating studies are implemented in regulating cell function by activating mechanosensitive channel of large conductance in mammalian cells. This study aimed to investigate the potentials of mechanosensitive channel of large conductance as a nanomedicine and a mechano-inducer in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells from the view of molecular pathways and acoustics.

A time-aware attention model for prediction of acute kidney injury after pediatric cardiac surgery.

Objective: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after pediatric cardiac surgery, and the early detection of AKI may allow for timely preventive or therapeutic measures. However, current AKI prediction researches pay less attention to time information among time-series clinical data and model building strategies that meet complex clinical application scenario. This study aims to develop and validate a model for predicting postoperative AKI that operates sequentially over individual time-series clinical data.

Epidemiology of unintentional injury in children admitted to ICU in China mainland: a multi-center cross-sectional study.

Background: To investigate the epidemiology of unintentional injury in children admitted to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in China mainland.

Methods: A total of 39 hospitals in 19 provinces contributed to the 1-day point prevalence study of serious unintentional injury in children aged 0-16 years admitted to ICU.

Results: A total of 1,017 patients from the 39 participating ICUs on the study day were included.

Altered T-Cell Receptor β-Chain and Lactate Dehydrogenase Are Associated With the Immune Pathogenesis of Biliary Atresia.

Biliary atresia (BA) is considered to be an autoimmune-mediating inflammatory injury. The pathogenesis of BA has been proposed with the clonal transformation of T cells expressing analogous T-cell receptor β-chain variable regions (TRBVs). The TRBV profile of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in infants with BA and control infants (healthy donors, HDs), respectively, were characterized by using high-throughput sequencing (HTS).

Hypertonic saline and mannitol in patients with traumatic brain injury: A systematic and meta-analysis.

Background: To compare the effects of 3% hypertonic saline solution and 20% mannitol solution on intracranial hypertension.

Methods: WAN-FANGDATA, CNKI, and CQVIP databases were searched, and relevant literatures of randomized controlled trials comparing 3% hypertonic saline solution with mannitol in reducing intracranial hypertension from 2010 to October 2019 were collected. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan software.

Polymyxin for the treatment of intracranial infections of extensively drug-resistant bacteria in children after neurosurgical operation.

Background: Increased meningitis caused by extensively drug-resistant bacillary presents a significant challenge in antibiotic selection. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of polymyxin in the treatment of post-neurosurgical meningitis due to the extensively drug-resistant bacillary in children.

Methods: We performed a retrospective study on post-neurosurgical meningitis caused by the extensively drug-resistant bacillary in children, who were treated with polymyxin for ≥ 3 days.

Induction of apoptosis and ferroptosis by a tumor suppressing magnetic field through ROS-mediated DNA damage.

Magnetic field (MF) is being used in antitumor treatment; however, the underlying biological mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, the potency and mechanism of a previously published tumor suppressing MF exposure protocol were further investigated. This protocol, characterized as a 50 Hz electromagnetic field modulated by static MF with time-average intensity of 5.

PIC, a paediatric-specific intensive care database.

PIC (Paediatric Intensive Care) is a large paediatric-specific, single-centre, bilingual database comprising information relating to children admitted to critical care units at a large children's hospital in China. The database is deidentified and includes vital sign measurements, medications, laboratory measurements, fluid balance, diagnostic codes, length of hospital stays, survival data, and more. The data are publicly available after registration, which includes completion of a training course on research with human subjects and signing of a data use agreement mandating responsible handling of the data and adherence to the principle of collaborative research.

Integrin α5 subunit is required for the tumor supportive role of fibroblasts in colorectal adenocarcinoma and serves as a potential stroma prognostic marker.

The tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complicated process, involving interactions between cancer cells and the microenvironment. The role of α5 integrin subunit in CRC remains controversial, and previous studies mainly focused on cancer cells. Herein, we report an important role of α5 in stroma fibroblasts in the tumorigenesis of CRC.

Tigecycline salvage therapy for critically ill children with multidrug-resistant/extensively drug-resistant infections after surgery.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of salvage therapy of tigecycline in critically ill children with infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR)/extensively drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria after surgery.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of critically ill children after surgery who had received tigecycline for ≥3days between June 2012 and May 2016 in the surgical intensive care unit of a tertiary level children's hospital.

Results: Of 6442 consecutive children admitted after surgery, a total of 22 were enrolled.

Well-defined and biocompatible hydrogels with toughening and reversible photoresponsive properties.

In the present study, novel hydrogels with extremely high strength, reversible photoresponsive and excellent biocompatible properties were prepared. The functional hydrogels were synthesized from a well-defined poly (ethylene glycol) polymer with spiropyran groups at a given position (PEG-SP) via a Cu(i)-catalyst Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction. The molecular structures of the sequential intermediates for PEG-SP hydrogel preparation were verified by (1)HNMR and FT-IR.

High shear stress-induced pulmonary hypertension alleviated by endothelial progenitor cells independent of autophagy.

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disease characterized by lung endothelial cell dysfunction and vascular remodeling. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been proved to be a potential therapeutic strategy to treat PH. Autophagy has been found to be protective to hypoxia-induced PH.

The role of plasma gelsolin in cardiopulmonary bypass induced acute lung injury in infants and young children: a pilot study.

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) induced by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB, CPB-ALI) is a common and serious complication after cardiac surgery. And infants and young children are more prone to CPB-ALI. The purpose of this study was to investigate the perioperative changes of plasma gelsolin (pGSN) in patients below 3 years of age with cardiac surgeries and CPB, and determine whether pGSN are associated with the occurrence and severity of CPB-ALI.

Repair of ventricular septal defect with Eisenmenger syndrome after bosentan treatment.

We report a patient with ventricular septal defect (VSD) and Eisenmenger syndrome. The patient was treated with bosentan for 12 weeks, with a decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance index (PRVi) from 18.84 to 9.