Role of CXC chemokine receptor type 7 in carcinogenesis and lymph node metastasis of colon cancer.

Upregulated expression of the CXC chemokine receptor type 7 (CXCR7) promotes breast, lung and prostate cancer progression and metastasis. However, the role of CXCR7 in colon cancer has not been determined. We hypothesized that increased CXCR7 expression may contribute to human colon cancer occurrence and progression.

Distinction in the immunoreactivities of two calcium-binding proteins and neuronal birthdates in the first and higher-order somatosensory thalamic nuclei of mice: Evolutionary implications.

Comparative embryonic studies are the most effective way to discern phylogenetic changes. To gain insight into the constitution and evolution of mammalian somatosensory thalamic nuclei, we first studied how calbindin (CB) and parvalbumin (PV) immunoreactivities appear during embryonic development in the first-order relaying somatosensory nuclei, i.e.

Metformin inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis of HER2 positive breast cancer cells by downregulating HSP90.

Purpose: To investigate the effects and the possible molecular mechanisms of metformin on HER2 positive breast cancer cells.

Methods: SK-BR-3 HER2 positive breast cancer cells were treated with different concentrations of metformin. The growth inhibitory rate of the cells was calculated by MTT assay, apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, and the expression level of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) was performed by Western blot analysis.

Sites of origin and developmental dynamics of the neurons in the core and shell regions of torus semicircularis in the Chinese softshell turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis).

To know the embryogenesis of the core and shell regions of the midbrain auditory nucleus, a single dose of [(3)H]-thymidine was injected into the turtle embryos at peak stages of neurogenesis in the shell and core of the torus semicircularis. Following sequential survival times, labeled neurons and the dynamics of cell proliferation were examined. The expression of vimentin (VM), reelin, calbindin, parvalbumin, and substance P were also studied.

Evolutionary significance of delayed neurogenesis in the core versus shell auditory areas of Mus musculus.

Early comparative embryogenesis can reflect the organization and evolutionary origins of brain areas. Neurogenesis in the auditory areas of sauropsids displays a clear core-to-shell distinction, but it remains unclear in mammals. To address this issue, [3H]-thymidine was injected into pregnant mice on consecutive embryonic (E) days (E10-E19) to date neuronal birthdays.

Comparative analysis of neurogenesis between the core and shell regions of auditory areas in the chick (Gallus gallus domesticus).

Early embryogenesis can reflect constituting organizations and evolutionary origins of brain areas. To determine whether a clear core-versus-shell distinction of neurogenesis that occurs from the auditory midbrain to the telencephalon in the reptile also appears in the bird, a single dose of [(3)H]-thymidine was injected into chick (Gallus gallus domesticus) eggs at some successive embryonic days (E) (from E3 to E10). Towards the end of hatching, [(3)H]-thymidine labeling was examined, and the results were as follows: 1) Neuronal generation in the nucleus intercollicularis (ICo) (shell region) began at E3, whereas neurogenesis began at E4 in the nucleus mesencephalicus lateralis pars dorsalis (MLd) (core region); 2) Neurogenesis initiated at E3 in the nucleus ovoidalis (Ov) shell, but initiated at E4 in the rostral Ov core.