Identification of immunotherapy biomarkers for improving the clinical outcome of homologous recombination deficiency patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) is a common molecular signature of genomic instability and has been shown to be a biomarker for targeted therapies. However, there is a lack of studies on the role of HRD changes in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) transcriptomics. HRD scores were determined using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array data from LUAD patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.

Identification of Tumor Antigens and Immune Subtypes of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma for mRNA Vaccine Development.

The applicability of mRNA vaccines against esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. Here, we identified potential antigens for developing mRNA vaccines against ESCC and characterized immune subtypes to select appropriate patients for vaccination. RNA-seq, genetic alteration data, and corresponding clinical information of ESCC patients were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.

Identification of Tumor Antigens and Immune Subtypes in Lung Adenocarcinoma for mRNA Vaccine Development.

Cancer vaccines are emerging as a viable strategy for cancer treatment. In the current study, we screened for genes associated with the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma and positively correlated with antigen-presenting cell infiltration and identified KLRG1 and CBFA2T3 as potential tumor antigens for mRNA vaccines in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Further analyses of immune subtypes revealed that patients with early-stage LUAD, high immune cell infiltration, high immune checkpoint expression, and low tumor mutation burden might benefit from mRNA vaccination.

Systematic profiling of ferroptosis gene signatures predicts prognostic factors in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

We developed a predictive model associated with ferroptosis to provide a more comprehensive view of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) immunotherapy. Gene expression data and corresponding clinical outcomes were obtained from the GEO and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases, and a ferroptosis-related gene set was obtained from the FerrDb database. We identified 45 ferroptosis-related genes that were differentially expressed, including enrichment in genes involved in the immune system process.

A novel protein ubiquitination-related five-gene signature predicts overall survival in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

Protein ubiquitination has been reported to be involved in many biological processes that affect cancer cell growth or death. In this study, we identified differentially expressed E3s/DUB-related genes associated with the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma and then constructed an E3s/DUB enzyme signature prediction model for the training group and validated its accuracy for prognosis prediction in the validation group. According to our constructed model, all patients were divided into the high- or low-risk group, and a comparison of the two groups revealed that the high-risk group had poorer survival and higher mortality than the low-risk group.

Construction of a 26‑feature gene support vector machine classifier for smoking and non‑smoking lung adenocarcinoma sample classification.

The present study aimed to identify the feature genes associated with smoking in lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) samples and explore the underlying mechanism. Three gene expression datasets of LAC samples were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database through pre‑set criteria and the expression data were processed using meta‑analysis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between LAC samples of smokers and non‑smokers were identified using limma package in R.

Five miRNAs Considered as Molecular Targets for Predicting Esophageal Cancer.

Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the most aggressive malignant gastrointestinal tumors; however the traditional therapies for EC are not effective enough. Great improvements are needed to explore new and valid treatments for EC. We aimed to screen the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in esophageal cancer and explore the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer along with functions and pathways of the target genes.

Thapsigargin induces apoptosis by impairing cytoskeleton dynamics in human lung adenocarcinoma cells.

The objective of this study was performed to investigate the effects of thapsigargin on apoptosis, actin cytoskeletal dynamics, and actin cytoskeletal proteins in human lung adenocarcinoma cell. Thapsigargin is a specific irreversible inhibitor of ER calcium-ATPase, which may promote ER stress by depletion of lumenal calcium stores and show potential to induce cell death. The effects of thapsigargin on the apoptosis in A549 cells were assayed by Hoechst staining.

Quantitative assessment of the effects of MMP-2 polymorphisms on lung carcinoma risk.

Background: Previous studies assessing associations between matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) polymorphisms and lung cancer risk reported conflicting results. A meta-analysis was therefore performed to derive a more precise estimation.

Method: Case-control studies assessing associations between MMP-2 C735T and C1306T polymorphisms and lung cancer risk were included.

Down-regulation of ING4 is associated with initiation and progression of lung cancer.

Aims: Tumour suppressor ING4 is one of ING family genes, which are involved in cell cycle arrest, gene transcription regulation, DNA repair and apoptosis. ING4 inhibition has been reported in various tumours, including gliomas, breast tumours, and stomach adenocarcinoma. The aim was to evaluate ING4 expression in lung cancers.