Anti-inflammatory secoiridoid glycosides from Gentianella azurea.

A phytochemical investigation on crude extract of Gentianella azurea led to the isolation of ten new (1-10) and one known (11) secoiridoid glycosides. Their structures were unambiguously elucidated by analysis of 1D and 2D NMR. Compounds 2, 5 and 11 were found to inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.

Dammarane-type triterpenoids from Gentianella azurea.

Thirteen new dammarane-type triterpenoids (1-13) and four known analogues, gentirigenic acid (14) and the gentirigeosides A, B, and E (15-17), were isolated from Gentianella azurea. Their structures were elucidated by detailed analysis of the NMR, MS, and X-ray crystallographic data. This is the first report of dammarane-type triterpenoids in the Gentianella genus.

Effects of sunscreen on human skin's ultraviolet radiation tolerance.

Purpose: To observe the alteration ultraviolet radiation (UVR) of skin's tolerance after its exposure to the small dose of UVR under the protection of sunscreen.

Methods: Eleven subjects who applied sunscreen were exposed to 0.75 dose minimal persistent pigment darkening (MPPD) and minimal erythema dose (MED) by the Phototherapy Unit for 4 weeks.