[Relationship between cortical fragments and avascular necrosis of femoral head in young adult femoral neck fractures based on CT imaging].

Objective: To explore the effect of femoral neck cortical fragments and surfacial area on avascular necrosis(AVN) after internal fixation of femoral neck fractures based on CT imaging in young adult.

Methods: From January 2011 to January 2021, 218 young and middle-aged patients with femoral neck fractures were reverse triangle fixed with three cannulated lag screws, including 104 males and 114 females;aged 19 to 60 years old with a mean of (48.22±10.

and studies of bis (indol-3-yl) methane derivatives as potential α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors.

In this paper, bis (indol-3-yl) methanes (BIMs) were synthesised and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase and α-amylase. All synthesised compounds showed potential α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities. Compounds (IC: 7.

[Pressure side and tension side comminution of femoral neck cortex are independent risk factors for aseptic necrosis after femoral neck fracture surgery].

Objective: To investigate the related factors of aseptic necrosis of femoral head after closed reduction and internal fixation of femoral neck fracture.

Methods: From January 2009 to January 2016, 236 patients with femoral neck fracture were treated with closed reduction and internal fixation with 3 hollow lag screws, including 111 males and 125 females, aged from 19 to 89 (50.17±12.

The synthesis of cyanoformamides via a CsF-promoted decyanation/oxidation cascade of 2-dialkylamino-malononitriles.

A mild and efficient method for the synthesis of cyanoformamides from N,N-disubstituted aminomalononitriles with CsF as the promoter has been developed. This method features a wide substrate scope and high reaction efficiency, and will facilitate corresponding cyanoformamide-based biological studies and synthetic methodology development.

A catalytic asymmetric one-pot [3+2] cyclization/semipinacol rearrangement sequence: an efficient construction of a multi-substituted 3H-spiro[benzofuran-2,1'-cyclopentane] skeleton.

A facile and efficient method to form a chiral multi-substituted 3H-spiro[benzofuran-2,1'-cyclopentane] structural unit has been developed via a one-pot [3+2] cyclization/semipinacol rearrangement cascade. A catalysis system of Cu(ii)/BOX has been used to efficiently construct a key stereogenic center via a cyclization between substituted benzoquinones and allylic alcohols affording the desired products in good yields and with excellent enantioselectivities and diastereoselectivities (21 examples; up to 67% yields; up to 92% ee and up to >20 : 1 dr). This method provides an alternative strategy for the synthesis of the corresponding bioactive molecules containing spiro[benzofurancyclopentane] skeleton units.

Copper-catalyzed cyclization of 2-cyanobenzaldehydes and 2-isocyanoacetates: an efficient strategy for the synthesis of substituted 1-aminoisoquinolines.

A Cu(acac)2-catalyzed cyclization reaction of 2-cyanobenzaldehydes with 2-isocyanoacetates has been successfully developed providing an efficient strategy for the synthesis of substituted 1-aminoisoquinolines. The reaction proceeds smoothly under mild conditions with high efficiency, and might provide an alternative strategy for the synthesis of 1-aminoisoquinoline containing molecules.

A 3D navigation template for guiding a unilateral lumbar pedicle screw with contralateral translaminar facet screw fixation: a study protocol for multicentre randomised controlled trials.

Introduction: The incidence of lumbar disc degeneration disease has increased in recent years. Lumbar interbody fusion using two unilateral pedicle screws and a translaminar facet screw fixation has advantages of minimal invasiveness and lower costs compared with the traditional methods. Moreover, a method guided by a three-dimensional (3D) navigation template may help us improve the surgical accuracy and the success rate.

The synthesis of cycloalka[b]furans via an Au(i)-catalyzed tandem reaction of 3-yne-1,2-diols.

An Au(i)-catalyzed cyclization/1,2-rearrangement/aromatization cascade of 3-yne-1,2-diols has been successfully realized. This reaction not only provides a new and efficient strategy for the synthesis of substituted cycloalka[b]furan compounds as well as their derivatives, but might also facilitate related biological studies.

Zinc-promoted cyclization of tosylhydrazones and 2-(dimethylamino)malononitrile: an efficient strategy for the synthesis of substituted 1-tosyl-1H-pyrazoles.

A Zn(OTf)-promoted cyclization reaction of tosylhydrazones with 2-(dimethylamino)malononitrile has been successfully developed providing an efficient strategy for the synthesis of substituted 1-tosyl-1H-pyrazoles.

An imaging study of the compressed area, bony fragment area, and the total fracture-involved area in thoracolumbar burst fractures.

Study Design: Imaging study.

Summary Of Background Data: X-ray and computed tomography (CT) sagittal reconstruction images are used to evaluate the stability of the spine. However, we did not know the extent of difference between them.

Cyclovirobuxinum D suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in murine macrophages in vitro by blocking JAK-STAT signaling pathway.

Aim: Cyclovirobuxinum D (CVB-D), an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese medicinal plant Buxus microphylla, has been found to be effective to treat cardiac insufficiency, arrhythmias and coronary heart disease. In the present study, we investigated the effects of CVB-D on the inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine macrophages in vitro and the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: Murine macrophage cell line RAW264.

Sinomenine induces apoptosis in RAW 264.7 cell-derived osteoclasts in vitro via caspase-3 activation.

Aim: Sinomenine (SIN) is an alkaloid found in the roots and stems of Sinomenium acutum, which has been used to treat rheumatic arthritis in China and Japan. In this study we investigated the effects of SIN on osteoclast survival in vitro and the mechanisms of the actions.

Methods: Mature osteoclasts were differentiated from murine monocyte/macrophage cell line RAW264.

Computed tomography morphometric analysis of C2 translaminar screw fixation of Wright's technique and a modified technique in the pediatric cervical spine.

Purpose: To establish reference data on the dimensions of C2 lamina to guide the use of translaminar screws with Wright's technique and a modified technique for pediatric patients in different age groups.

Methods: 113 pediatric patients were divided into six age groups, and their cervical vertebrae were studied on CT scans. Laminar height, width, length and screw angle were measured.

Computed tomographic morphometric analysis of the pediatric occipital condyle for occipital condyle screw placement.

Study Design: This study is a computed tomographic (CT)-based morphometric analysis of the pediatric occipital condyles as related to occipital condyle screw placement.

Objective: To quantify reference data concerning the dimensions of the immature occipital condyles to guide the placement of occipital condyle screw.

Summary Of Background Data: To the best of our knowledge, no published study has provided insight into the anatomy of occipital condyle of the pediatric population with different age groups.

[Study on the anti-endotoxin effect of saponin from Tupistra chinensis].

Objective: To investigate the effect of saponin from Tupistra chinensis Baker (STCB) on lethal toxicity of endotoxin in mice and explore the underlying mechanism.

Methods: Mouse models of endotoxin-induced death and endotoximia were established by intraperitoneal administration of KM mice with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa in doses of 60 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg respectively. Mouse survival rate and survival time were recorded and the serum levels of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in endotoximia mice were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

[Process optimization for extraction of immune active polysaccharides from Fomes fomentarius by introduction of ultrasonication].

Objective: To study the optimal extraction process of immune active polysaccharides from Fomes fomentarius by introduction of ultrasonication.

Methods: An orthogonal experimental design of L9 (3(4)) was used to investigate the effects of ultrasonication time, extraction temperature and extraction time on the extraction ratio, sugar content and immune stimulating activity (mouse splenocyte metabolic activity measured with MTT colorimetry) of the polysaccharides and the optimal extraction process was evaluated.

Results: Ultrasonication treatment had the most remarkable effect on the immune stimulating activity of the polysaccharides.

[Prostaglandin E2 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation through EP2 prostanoid receptor].

Objective: To investigate the effect of prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)) on the proliferation of cultured hepatocellular carcinoma cells and explore which subtypes of EP prostanoid receptor mediate the action.

Methods: RT-PCR was used to determine COX-2 and EP receptor mRNA expression levels in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Hep3B and human normal hepatocyte line QSG7701. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was employed to investigate the effect of PGE(2), selective EP2 receptor agonist butaprost and EP3/EP4 receptor agonist PGE1 alcohol on the proliferation of the cells.

[Establishment of mouse model of humoral immune response using rabbit red blood cells as the antigen].

Objective: To establish a mouse model of humoral immune response by immunization with rabbit red blood cells (RRBCs).

Methods: The mice were immunized with RRBCs and the serum hemolysin level was measured by micro-hemolysis spectrophotometry.

Results: The peak time needed for hemolysin production against RRBCs was 6 days after the immunization, and 20% RRBCs in a total volume of 0.

[Effects of lipopolysaccharides of Bacterium prodigiosum on tumor growth and immunosuppression in mice].

Objective: To observe the effects of lipopolysaccharides of Bacterium prodigiosum (BP-LPS) in inhibiting tumor growth and improving immunosuppression in mice.

Methods: In mice bearing S180 tumor and a mouse model of immunosuppression induced by cyclophosphamide (CTX), the tumor growth, indexes of the immune organs and peripheral white blood cell count were measured after intraperitoneal injection of BP-LPS.

Results: Injections of BP-LPS (40 U/kg) for 8 consecutive days resulted in a significant inhibition of the tumor growth in mice bearing S180 tumor (P<0.

[Antineoplastic effect of koumine in mice bearing H22 solid tumor].

Objective: To investigate the antitumor effects of koumine in mice bearing H22 solid tumor and its effect on the immune system of the mice.

Methods: The changes in spleen and tumor weights and blood cell count were observed after koumine treatment in BALB/c athymic mice bearing H22 solid tumor, using normal saline solution and 5-Fu as the controls.

Results: Koumine significantly inhibited the tumor growth in a dose-dependent manner.

[Effect of Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides on production of cytokines by murine immunocytes and serum levels of cytokines in tumor-bearing mice].

Objective: To study the effect of Flammulina velutipes polysaccharides (FVP) on the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (INF-gamma) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) by murine immunocytes.

Methods: The cell's metabolic activity was determined with methylthiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetry assay and the amounts of TNF-alpha, INF-gamma and IL-2 were measured by ELISA.

Results: FVP (200, 100, 50 microg/mL) could promote the metabolic activity of murine splenocytes and peritoneal exudate cells (PEC) and increase the amounts of TNF-alpha, INF-gamma and IL-2 in the supernatants of splenocyte cultures, and the amount of TNF-alpha in PEC cultures, with the most marked increase on TNF-alpha level.

[Immunomodulatory effects of Fomes fomentarius polysaccharides: an experimental study in mice].

Objective: To investigate the immunomodulatory effects of Fomes fomentarius polysaccharides (FFP) in mice.

Methods: MTT assay was employed to evaluate the in vitro metabolic activity of the mouse splenocytes treated with FFP at different concentrations, and the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (INF-gamma) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) from the cells were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The changes in the phagocytotic activity of mouse macrophage in response to FFP treatment were evaluated by phagocytosis percentage of chicken red blood cells (CRBCs).

[Study of dynamic changes of blood sugar and body signs in streptozotocin-induced diabetic animal models].

Objective: To explore the dynamic changes of blood sugar and body's signs in streptozotocin diabetic animal models.

Methods: Rat and mouse diabetic models were established by a single intraperitoneal (ip) injection and 5-day successive ip injections of streptozotocin respectively. Blood sugar levels were measured.

[Changes of serum interferon-gamma levels in mice bearing S-180 tumor and the interventional effect of immunomodulators].

Objective: To investigate the changes of serum inteferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in mice bearing S-180 tumor and explore the role of the endogenous IFN-gamma in confining the transplanted tumor by intervention with immunomodulators.

Methods: Mouse models bearing S-180 solid tumor were established and subjected to intragastric administration of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP) or cyclosporine A (CsA) at different daily doses for 9 consecutive days. Serum IFN-gamma levels were measured in untreated tumor-bearing mice and in those after completion of GLP or CsA treatments by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the changes of the tumor weight in the treated mice were evaluated.