Large-scale proteomic analyses of incident Alzheimer's disease reveal new pathophysiological insights and potential therapeutic targets.

Pathophysiological evolutions in early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD) are not well understood. We used data of 2923 Olink plasma proteins from 51,296 non-demented middle-aged adults. During a follow-up of 15 years, 689 incident AD cases occurred.

Plasma proteomics identifies proteins and pathways associated with incident depression in 46,165 adults.

Proteomic alterations preceding the onset of depression offer valuable insights into its development and potential interventions. Leveraging data from 46,165 UK Biobank participants and 2920 plasma proteins profiled at baseline, we conducted a longitudinal analysis with a median follow-up of 14.5 years to explore the relationship between plasma proteins and incident depression.

Clinical trajectories preceding incident dementia up to 15 years before diagnosis: a large prospective cohort study.

Background: Dementia has a long prodromal stage with various pathophysiological manifestations; however, the progression of pre-diagnostic changes remains unclear. We aimed to determine the evolutional trajectories of multiple-domain clinical assessments and health conditions up to 15 years before the diagnosis of dementia.

Methods: Data was extracted from the UK-Biobank, a longitudinal cohort that recruited over 500,000 participants from March 2006 to October 2010.

Plasma proteomic profiles predict individual future health risk.

Developing a single-domain assay to identify individuals at high risk of future events is a priority for multi-disease and mortality prevention. By training a neural network, we developed a disease/mortality-specific proteomic risk score (ProRS) based on 1461 Olink plasma proteins measured in 52,006 UK Biobank participants. This integrative score markedly stratified the risk for 45 common conditions, including infectious, hematological, endocrine, psychiatric, neurological, sensory, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, cutaneous, musculoskeletal, and genitourinary diseases, cancers, and mortality.

Keyframe-aided resolution enhancement network for dynamic super-resolution structured illumination microscopy.

Deep learning has been used to reconstruct super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (SR-SIM) images with wide-field or fewer raw images, effectively reducing photobleaching and phototoxicity. However, the dependability of new structures or sample observation is still questioned using these methods. Here, we propose a dynamic SIM imaging strategy: the full raw images are recorded at the beginning to reconstruct the SR image as a keyframe, then only wide-field images are recorded.

Three-dimensional cerebral vasculature topological parameter extraction of transgenic zebrafish embryos with a filling-enhancement deep learning network.

Quantitative analysis of zebrafish cerebral vasculature is essential for the study of vascular development and disease. We developed a method to accurately extract the cerebral vasculature topological parameters of transgenic zebrafish embryos. The intermittent and hollow vascular structures of transgenic zebrafish embryos, obtained from 3D light-sheet imaging, were transformed into continuous solid structures with a filling-enhancement deep learning network.

Surgical management of monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma followed by chemotherapy and stem-cell transplant: A case report and review of the literature.

Background: Monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma (MEITL) is a rare and rapidly progressive intestinal T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma associated with a very poor prognosis and a median survival of 7 mo. Advances in the identification of MEITL over the last two decades have led to its recognition as a separate entity. MEITL patients, predominantly male, typically present with vague and nonspecific symptoms and diagnosis is predominantly confirmed at laparotomy.

High GP73 Expression Correlates with Poor Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Survival in Gastric Cancer: A Tissue Microarray Study.

Golgi protein 73 (GP73) is a type II Golgi transmembrane protein which is overexpressed in several cancers, however, its role in gastric cancer is still unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate if high GP73 expression is associated with pathological tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and prognosis for patients with gastric cancer. A total of 348 patients with gastric cancer, who had undergone surgery between 1999 and 2011 were retrospectively reviewed, GP73 expression was examined in tumor tissues using tissue microarray and the correlations between its expression and pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy as well as patients prognosis were analyzed.

Phylogenetic and ion-response analyses reveal a relationship between gene expansion and functional divergence in the Ca/cation antiporter family in Angiosperms.

Plant CaCA superfamily genes with higher tendency to retain after WGD are more gene expression and function differentiated in ion-response. Plants and animals face different environmental stresses but share conserved Ca signaling pathways, such as Ca/Cation transport. The Ca/cation antiporters superfamily (CaCAs) is an ancient and widespread family of ion-coupled cation transporters found in all kingdoms of life.

Low level of serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in gastric cancer correlates with cancer progression but not survival.

Background: The clinical significance of lipid profile in gastric cancer remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between serum lipid profiles and patient clinical parameters as well as prognosis in gastric cancer.

Methods: The preoperative plasma lipid profile levels of 358 gastric cancer patients, who were operated in between 2001 and 2009, were retrospectively evaluated, and the correlation between these factors and patient clinical parameters as well as survival were analyzed.

Infiltrating regulatory T cells promote invasiveness of liver cancer cells via inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Background: Regulatory T (Treg) cells are a major component of the microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) contributing to immunosuppression. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of Treg cells on the invasion potential of HCC.

Methods: Infiltrating Treg cells were isolated from fresh HCC tissues by immunomagnetic bead separation and detected by flow cytometry.

[Research in rheological properties of four types of ophthalmic preparations].

This study is prepared to provide the basis of rheological parameters for the additional quality standard of ophthalmic gels, the rheological properties of the ophthalmic gels and the other three types of ophthalmic preparations. The medicines were compared through the study of the rheological properties for four types of ophthalmic preparations. The cone-plate rheometer was used to determine the dynamic and steady rheological parameters of four types of ophthalmic preparations.

New utility of an old marker: serum low-density lipoprotein predicts histopathological response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced gastric cancer.

Background: Although the correlation between metabolic abnormality and gastric cancer has been extensively investigated, the question of whether metabolic parameters might influence the efficacy of chemotherapy in locally advanced gastric cancer is still unanswered. In our present study, we investigated the relationship between serum fasting glucose, lipid levels, and histopathological response of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in locally advanced gastric cancers.

Patients And Methods: A total of 128 patients were identified from a prospectively maintained database of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer who received NAC between July 2004 and December 2012.

[Studies on terpenoids from Zygophyllum fabago].

This study was to investigate the chemical constituents of the aerial part of Zygophyllumfabago, by phytochemical methods. The compounds were isolated by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies from the EtOAc extract. Their structures were characterized by various spectroscopic data (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, MS) and comparison with the literature.

FOXA1 Expression Significantly Predict Response to Chemotherapy in Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer Patients.

Purpose: Most estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer responds poorly to chemotherapy and no single cost-effective biomarker capable of selecting chemosensitive ones has been found yet. We investigated FOXA1 for its role in predicting chemosensitivity of this subgroup in neoadjuvant chemotherapy settings.

Methods: We reviewed pathologic slides of 123 patients who were diagnosed with ER-positive breast cancer on core needle biopsy and underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy at our institution between 2002 and 2012.

The transcription factor KLF4 as an independent predictive marker for pathologic complete remission in breast cancer neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a case-control study.

Background: To identify whether a stem cell biomarker, KLF4, may predict the pathologic tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with locally advanced breast cancer.

Methods: Twelve locally advanced breast cancer patients who achieved pathologic complete remission (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were identified and for each, three non-pCR breast cancer patients - matched for age, clinical tumor-node-metastasis stage, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy cycles - were selected. The relationship between KLF4 expression in the core needle biopsied cancer tissue and patient pCR rate was assessed using univariate and multivariate analysis.

The relationship between Lin28 and the chemotherapy response of gastric cancer.

Objective: The aim of the study reported here was to identify whether a stem cell biomarker, Lin28, may predict the pathologic tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with locally advanced gastric cancer.

Methods: The study enrolled 47 patients with gastric cancer who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery between July 2004 and March 2012. Cancer tissue was biopsied by gastroscopy and Lin28 expression in the tissue was measured by immunohistochemistry.

[Prognostic effect of postoperative resection-margin status for intraoperative positive resection margins in patients with advanced gastric cancer].

Objectives: To investigate prognostic effect of postoperative resection-margin status for intraoperatively positive resection margin in advanced gastric cancer and discuss the treatment choice for intraoperatively positive resection margins.

Methods: A retrospective study was investigated in 64 advanced gastric cancer patients with positive resection margin after potentially curative resection. The survival between 50 patients who was re-excised to a negative resection margin (NR group) and 14 patients who were left with positive resection margin (PR group) was compared.

[Study on the proficiency testing program of pharmaceutical preparation analysis].

This proficiency testing program is established to evaluate the pharmaceutical preparation analysis capacity of laboratories recommended by 18 countries and economies. It was authorized by Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation (APLAC), and organized by Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control (SIFDC) and China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment (CNAS). The 0.

Sentinel lymph node biopsy predicts lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer: a retrospective analysis.

Background/aims: Minimally invasive treatments have emerged as the frontline therapy for patients with early gastric cancer (EGC). However, some cT1N0 patients with EGC may have lymph node metastasis because of inadequate evaluation. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of sentinel lymph node (SLN) and tried to find out feasible criteria for SLN-guided minimally invasive surgery for EGC.

Clinicopathologic variables predicting tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer.

Background And Objectives: To identify clinicopathologic variables that could predict pathologic tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with locally advanced gastric cancer.

Methods: The study enrolled 108 patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery between July 2004 and December 2010. Tumor responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy were assessed in terms of tumor regression.

Dystroglycan is associated with tumor progression and patient survival in gastric cancer.

Previous reports had indicated that there was a possible correlation of dystroglycan (DG) with biological behavior of cancer cells and cancer patients' survival. However, the role of DG expression in gastric cancer was rarely studied. In this study, α-DG and β-DG expression were determined by immunohistochemistry in specimens of primary cancer, metastatic lymph node, distal metastatic lesion, and their normal counterpart tissues in 20 gastric cancer patients.

Prediction of recurrence of early gastric cancer after curative resection.

Background: Recurrence of early gastric cancer (EGC) after curative resection is rare, and the types of EGC that may recur have not been well studied. We attempted to create a system for predicting recurrence of EGC after R0 resection.

Methods: From January 1987 to April 2005, 2,923 patients with EGC who underwent curative resection were retrospectively studied.