Newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient with antiretroviral therapy-induced immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome: a case report.

Background: Diabetes that develops in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients who receive antiretroviral therapy (ART) is usually type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, autoimmune diabetes, such as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) can also develop in this population. After treatment with ART, patients might experience clinical deterioration following an increase in the CD4 cell count, which is termed immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Here, we describe an HIV-infected patient on ART who developed T1DMat due to IRIS, highlighting the clinical complexity in diagnosis and treatment.

Elevated Free Thyroxine Levels Might Alter the Effect of the Lipid Profile on Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Previous studies have shown that hyperthyroidism is associated with heightened insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Therefore, in this study, we aim to explore the relationship between elevated thyroid hormone levels and the lipid profile in insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with hyperthyroidism. A total of 177 participants were included and grouped according to diagnosis.

Long-Lasting Electret Melt-Blown Nonwoven Functional Filters Made of Organic/Inorganixc Macromolecular Micron Materials: Manufacturing Techniques and Property Evaluations.

Melt-blown nonwoven fabrics for filtration are usually manufactured using polypropylene, but after a certain time period the middle layer of the mask may have a reduced effect on adsorbing particles and may not be easily stored. Adding electret materials not only increases storage time, but also shows in this study that the addition of electret can improve filtration efficiency. Therefore, this experiment uses a melt-blown method to prepare a nonwoven layer, and adds MMT, CNT, and TiO2 electret materials to it for experiments.

Combing High-Modulus Fibers with a Novel Foaming Structure Applied to Protective Sandwich-Structured Composites: Manufacturing Techniques and Property Evaluations.

This study proposes the composites with a sandwich structure that is primarily made by the multi-step foaming process. The staple material is polyurethane (PU) foam that is combined with carbon fibers, followed by a Kevlar woven fabric. The composites are evaluated in terms of puncture resistance, buffer absorption, and electromagnetic wave shielding effectiveness (EMSE).

Thermoplastic Laminated Composites Applied to Impact Resistant Protective Gear: Structural Design and Development.

Laminated composites have been commonly applied to all fields. When made into laminated composites, Kevlar woven fabrics are able to provide the required functions. In this study, two types of TPU are incorporated to improve the intralayer features of Kevlar/TPU laminated composites.

Iodine nutritional status is not a direct factor in the prevalence of the mutation in papillary thyroid cancer.

Objective: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) accounts for approximately 85%-90% of all thyroid cancers. Of the iodine-metabolizing genes, is a highly specific target for PTC and may have a reciprocal causative relationship with iodide-metabolizing genes.

Materials And Methods: In this study, we performed a data analysis of selected quantitative studies to determine the relationship between iodine nutritional status and the prevalence of the mutation in patients with PTC.

Is the level of serum lactate dehydrogenase a potential biomarker for glucose monitoring with type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder due to defects in insulin secretion or insulin resistance leading to the dysfunction and damage of various organs. To improve the clinical evaluation of short-term blood glycemic variability monitoring, it is critical to identify another blood cell status and nutritional status biomarker that is less susceptible to interference. This study identifies the significance of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level among T2DM patients treated in outpatient clinics and investigates the relationship of LDH level with other variables.

Effect of metformin monotherapy and dual or triple concomitant therapy with metformin on glycemic control and lipid profile management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: In this study, we aimed to compare the effects of metformin-based dual therapy versus triple therapy on glycemic control and lipid profile changes in Taiwanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: In total, 60 patients were eligible for participation in this study. Patients received at least 24 months of metformin monotherapy, dual therapy, or triple therapy with metformin plus linagliptin (a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor) or dapagliflozin (a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor).

Clinical significance of hepatic function in Graves disease with type 2 diabetic mellitus: A single-center retrospective cross-sectional study in Taiwan.

Graves disease (GD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) both impair liver function; we therefore explored the possibility of a relationship among diabetic control, thyroid function, and liver function. This retrospective, cross-sectional study compared serum liver function biomarkers of primary GD patients in a single center between 2016 and 2020, derived from clinical databases, and clarified the correlation of liver function in GD patients with or without T2DM. Furthermore, the diabetes mellitus group was divided into glycated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) <6.

A two-way 224-Gbit/s PAM4-based fibre-FSO converged system.

A two-way 224-Gbit/s four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4)-based fibre-free-space optical (FSO) converged system through a 25-km single-mode fibre (SMF) transport with 500-m free-space transmission is successfully constructed, which adopts injection-locked vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers with polarisation-multiplexing mechanism for a demonstration. Compared with one-way transmission, two-way transmission is an attractive architecture for fibre-FSO converged system. Two-way transmission over SMF transport with free-space transmission not only reduces the required number of fibres and the setups of free-space transmission, but also provides the advantage of capacity doubling.

A 400-Gb/s WDM-PAM4 OWC system through the free-space transmission with a water-air-water link.

A 400-Gb/s wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) optical wireless communication (OWC) system through a 200-m free-space transmission with either an 8.8-m piped water-air-piped water link or a 6.5-m turbid water-air-turbid water link is successfully constructed.

Chronic Alcohol Abuse-Induced Hypokalemia Might Lead to Delayed Diagnosis or Misdiagnosis of Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis.

Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis is an uncommon and potentially life-threatening complication of thyrotoxicosis and hyperthyroidism characterized by acute and reversible episodes of muscle weakness and hypokalemia. Here is a 41-year-old Taiwanese male patient without any family history of hyperthyroidism presented to the emergency room of our institution with initial symptom of acute lower limb weakness. Laboratory analysis revealed uncommonly severe hypokalemia (<1.

[Characteristics of phosphorus fractions and their driving factors in forest soils with different parent materials in the mid-subtropics, China].

With the aim to understand the influence degree and mechanism of parent material and forest type on soil phosphorus component, we analyzed soil P fractions, iron and aluminum oxides, microbial biomass, and phosphatase activity in and forest soils developed from two types of parent materials, sandstone and granite, in Sanming, Fujian Province. The results showed that both parent material and forest type significantly affected the contents of different P fractions. The contents of total P, labile inorganic/organic P, moderately labile inorganic/organic P, and non-labile P from sandstone-developed soils were significantly higher than those from granite-developed soils.

Metabolic Effects of Three Different Activity Bouts during Sitting in Inactive Adults.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine whether interrupting prolonged sitting with three different walking-bout schedules improves glycemic metabolism relative to continuous prolonged sitting in sedentary adults.

Methods: In a randomized, crossover trial, 16 inactive healthy adults (7 men, 24 ± 3 yr old) completed four 26-h laboratory sessions, including 22.5 h in an energy expenditure (EE)-testing calorimeter chamber.

Graphene nanosheets as novel adsorbents in adsorption, preconcentration and removal of gases, organic compounds and metal ions.

Due to their high adsorption capacities, carbon-based nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes, activated carbons, fullerene and graphene are widely used as the currently most promising functional materials. Since its discovery in 2004, graphene has exhibited great potential in many technological fields, such as energy storage materials, supercapacitors, resonators, quantum dots, solar cells, electronics, and sensors. The large theoretical specific surface area of graphene nanosheets (2630 m(2)·g(-1)) makes them excellent candidates for adsorption technologies.

Aqueous adsorption and removal of organic contaminants by carbon nanotubes.

Organic contaminants have become one of the most serious environmental problems, and the removal of organic contaminants (e.g., dyes, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals/drugs) and common industrial organic wastes (e.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA detection using surface plasmon resonance modulated by telecommunication wavelength.

A surface plasmon resonance sensor for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is developed using repeatable telecommunication wavelength modulation based on optical fiber communications laser wavelength and stability. MTB DNA concentrations of 1 μg/mL and 10 μg/mL were successfully demonstrated to have the same spectral half-width in the dip for optimum coupling. The sensitivity was shown to be -0.

Hemodialysis membranes for acute and chronic renal insufficiency.

As an incomplete renal replacement for the patients with either acute or chronic renal failure, membrane-based hemodialysis therapy is progressing rapidly. However, the mortality and morbidity remain unacceptably high. Much effort has been put into improving the biocompatibility of the hemodialysis membranes.

Analysis of carbamazepine and its five metabolites in serum by large-volume sample stacking-sweeping capillary electrophoresis.

This study establishes a method, using different buffer conductivities and large-volume sample stacking (LVSS)-sweeping capillary electrophoresis, for analysis of carbamazepine (CBZ) and its five metabolites in serum. The capillary (50/60 cm) was filled with a high concentration of background electrolyte (150 mM phosphate, pH 3.5, containing 15 % methanol), followed by a large volume of samples (10 psi, 20 s) with low-concentration buffers (5 mM phosphate, pH 3.

Antileukemia component, dehydroeburicoic acid from Antrodia camphorata induces DNA damage and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo models.

Antrodia camphorata (AC) is a native Taiwanese mushroom which is used in Asian folk medicine as a chemopreventive agent. The triterpenoid-rich fraction (FEA) was obtained from the ethanolic extract of AC and characterized by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). FEA caused DNA damage in leukemia HL 60 cells which was characterized by phosphorylation of H2A.

Selective targeting of breast cancer cells through ROS-mediated mechanisms potentiates the lethality of paclitaxel by a novel diterpene, gelomulide K.

Defects in apoptotic pathways confer resistance to tubulin-binding agents via downregulation of caspases or overexpression of antiapoptotic factors, urging the need for novel agents acting on an alternative pathway. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether induction of ROS can induce caspase-independent cell death in breast cancer cells and thereby enhance the activity of paclitaxel. Here, we report that gelomulide K acts as a caspase-independent cell death-inducing agent that synergizes with paclitaxel in breast cancer cells and has low toxicity in normal cells.

Administration of a decoction of sucrose- and polysaccharide-rich radix astragali (huang qi) ameliorated insulin resistance and Fatty liver but affected Beta-cell function in type 2 diabetic rats.

The current investigation attempted to confirm the beneficial actions of a chemically characterized Radix Astragali decoction (AM-W) against type 2 diabetic (T2D) Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Using a case/control design, after 2 months of treatment with AM-W (500 mg/kg, daily i.p.