Out-of-pocket expenses for myasthenia gravis patients in China: a study on patients insured by basic medical insurance in China, 2013-2015.

Background: Myasthenia gravis is a rare autoimmune neuromuscular disorder. The disorder requires long-term use of expensive medication to control clinical symptoms. This study analyzed the change in trends of total medical expenses and out-of-pocket expenses for patients with myasthenia gravis and explored the factors influencing them.

Polydatin prevents the induction of secondary brain injury after traumatic brain injury by protecting neuronal mitochondria.

Polydatin is thought to protect mitochondria in different cell types in various diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a major contributing factor in secondary brain injury resulting from traumatic brain injury. To investigate the protective effect of polydatin after traumatic brain injury, a rat brain injury model of lateral fluid percussion was established to mimic traumatic brain injury insults.

Synthesis of N-vinylindoles through copper catalyzed cyclization reaction of N-(2-alkynylphenyl)imine.

A copper(II)-catalyzed cyclization reaction of N-(2-alkynylphenyl)imine was developed. This strategy provided an effective procedure for the synthesis of substituted N-vinylindoles in moderate to good yields.

N-(4-Chloro-phen-yl)-4-(2-oxocyclo-pent-yl)butyramide.

In the title compound, C(15)H(18)ClNO(2), the amide group is coplanar with the chloro-phenyl group, making a dihedral angle of 1.71 (12)°. The cyclo-penta-none ring adopts a twist conformation.