Perioperative optimization of Crohn's disease.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease mainly affecting the gastrointestinal tract. With the increased availability of modalities in the last two decades, the treatment of CD has advanced remarkably. Although medical treatment is the mainstay of therapy, most patients require surgery during the course of their illness, especially those who experience complications.

Decreased expression and DNA hypermethylation of syncytin-1 in human villus tissues with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion.

Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) affects approximately 5 % of women of reproductive age worldwide. The etiology and pathogenesis of approximately 50 % of RSA cases currently remain unclear, which known as unexplained RSA (URSA). Syncytin-1, an envelope protein encoded by HERV-W gene, is essential for human embryonic development.