[Andrographolide inhibits extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 signaling pathway in activated macrophages].

Objective: To investigate the effects of andrographolide on extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages.

Methods: LPS-activated mouse peritoneal macrophages were cultured in media with different concentrations of andrographolide. Cytotoxicity of andrographolide was detected by cell counting kit-8.

Andrographolide inhibits the production of TNF-alpha and interleukin-12 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages: role of mitogen-activated protein kinases.

Andrographolide has been reported to possess a variety of pharmacological activities. In this study, we have investigated the effect of andrographolide on the production of TNF-alpha and IL-12 (Interleukin-12) in murine peritoneal macrophages. Andrographolide decreased TNF-alpha, IL-12a and IL-12b at mRNA level, and reduced the production of TNF-alpha and IL-12p70 proteins in a concentration-dependent manner.

A new phenanthrene with a spirolactone from Dendrobium chrysanthum and its anti-inflammatory activities.

Investigation of phenolic patterns from the stems of Dendrobium chrysanthum by HPLC-PDA-MS has led to the isolation of a new phenanthrene derivative with a spirolactone ring, dendrochrysanene (1), that proved to suppress the mRNA level of TNF-alpha, IL8, IL10, and iNOS in murine peritoneal macrophages. The structure of 1 was characterized on the basis of various NMR (1H, 13C, 1H-1H COSY, HMQC, and HMBC), mass spectrometry, and X-ray crystal diffraction data.

Production of Anti-P16 Sera by Genetic Immunization and Protein Immunization.

Genetic immmunization is a new method of producing antibody, which is different from protein immunization. In order to produce anti-P16 sera and to find out the difference between genetic immunization and protein immunization, fusion protein GST-P16 and eukaryotic expression vector pCMV-p16 were injected in rabbit respectively. Western blot analysis showed that the titer of sera from protein immunization was 1:625, which was much higher than the titer from genetic immunization sera.