Objective: To examine the independent effect of inflammatory burden and various treatments on the risk of incident major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients.
Methods: AS patients were retrospectively selected from a territory-wide database between 2006 and 2015, and were followed until the end of 2018. The primary outcome was the first occurrence of MACE.
Objectives: To ascertain whether microvascular alterations of eye sign combined with intrathecal concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) can predict the development of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE).
Methods: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples of IL-6 were collected and measured at the same time for patients with SLE who were consecutively enrolled. Patients with a diagnosis of NPSLE were identified.
Objectives: To elucidate the risk factors for the development of incident hypertension (IHT) in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA).
Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in axSpA patients who were recruited from 2001 to 2019 from a university clinic in Hong Kong. Patients with HT and/or anti-hypertensive drug use at baseline were excluded.
Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis
September 2022
Background: Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) patients are at higher risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) than the general population, partly due to consequences of inflammation or its treatment. But relationship between inflammation in axSpA and cardiovascular events (CVE) is unknown.
Objectives: To examine whether inflammatory burden over time can predict CVE independent of baseline CV risk factors in axSpA patients.