Implementing a novel capture and ligation probe-PCR method in mass screen and treatment to support malaria elimination efforts in the China-Myanmar border region.

Background: Mass screening and treatment (MSAT) for malaria elimination lacks an ideal diagnostic tool to allow sensitive and affordable test of the target population in the field. This study evaluated whether Capture and Ligation Probe-PCR (CLIP-PCR) could be used in a field MSAT in Laiza City, Myanmar.

Methods: On day 0, two dried blood spots were collected from each participant.

The public health response to an outbreak of border-spill malaria along China-Myanmar border.

Introduction: Malaria importation can be caused by cross-border movement either of both people and anopheline mosquitoes. However, there still lacks robust evidence of imported malaria caused by Plasmodium spp. infected anopheles along international border areas (border-spill malaria).

Historical review of malaria control and elimination in the border areas of China: A case study of Yunnan Province.

To understand how malaria could be eliminated in the original hyperendmic area for malaria along international borders in Yunnan Province, malaria situation and control were described on the basis of seven phases. At last the experiences and lessons of the program that reduced border malaria from hyperendmicity to malaria-free status were summarized. Malaria control and elimination area were particularly difficult in the Yunnan border.

Effectiveness of joint 3 + 1 malaria strategy along China-Myanmar cross border areas.

Background: Cross-border malaria in Laiza City of Myanmar seriously affected Yingjiang County of China and compromised reaching the goal of malaria elimination by 2020. Since 2017, a pilot project on 3 + 1 strategy of joint cross-border malaria prevention and control was carried out for building a malaria buffer in these border areas. Here, 3 were the three preventive lines in China where different focalized approaches of malaria elimination were applied and + 1 was a defined border area in Myanmar where the integrated measures of malaria control were adopted.

Intensive surveillance, rapid response and border collaboration for malaria elimination: China Yunnan's ''3 + 1''strategy.

Background: Eliminating malaria and preventing re-establishment of malaria transmission in border areas requires universal coverage of malaria surveillance and a rapid response to any threats (i.e. malaria cues) of re-establishing transmission.

Malaria: elimination tale from Yunnan Province of China and new challenges for reintroduction.

Background: Eradication of infectious disease is the sanctified public health and sustainable development goal around the world.

Main Body: Three antimalarial barriers were developed to control imported malarial cases, and an effective surveillance strategy known as the "1-3-7 approach" was developed to eliminate malaria from the Chinese population. From 2011 to 2019, 5254 confirmed malaria cases were reported and treated in Yunnan Province, China.

Seven decades towards malaria elimination in Yunnan, China.

Background: Yunnan Province was considered the most difficult place in China for malaria elimination because of its complex malaria epidemiology, heterogeneous ecological features, relatively modest economic development, and long, porous border with three malaria endemic countries: Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, and Viet Nam.

Methods: Academic publications and grey literature relevant to malaria elimination in Yunnan covering the period from 1950 until 2020 inclusive were considered. The following academic indexes were searched: China Science Periodical Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, and MEDLINE.

[Tracking evaluation on implementation of (GB 26345-2010) in Yunnan Province].

Objective: To understand the knowledge, usage, applicability of the standard and the suggestions on the implementation of (GB 26345-2010) among malaria prevention and control staff of disease control and medical institutions at all levels in Yunnan Province, so as to provide the evidence for the implementation and revision of the standard.

Methods: Malaria prevention and control workers at 192 institutions in 16 prefectures and cities of Yunnan Province were surveyed. The malaria prevention and treatment workers at county-level center for disease control and prevention (CDCs), county-level medical institutions and township hospitals in Tengchong City and Yingjiang County of Yunnan Province were investigated on the spot.

Mobile population dynamics and malaria vulnerability: a modelling study in the China-Myanmar border region of Yunnan Province, China.

Background: The China-Myanmar border region presents a great challenge in malaria elimination in China, and it is essential to understand the relationship between malaria vulnerability and population mobility in this region.

Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional survey was performed in five villages of Yingjiang county during September 2016. Finger-prick blood samples were obtained to identify asymptomatic infections, and imported cases were identified in each village (between January 2013 and September 2016).

Assessment of malaria control consultation and service posts in Yunnan, P. R. China.

Background: This paper seeks to assess the function of malaria control consultation and service posts (MCCSPs) that are located on the border areas of Yunnan province, P.R. China, as a strategy for eliminating malaria among the mobile and migrant population in these areas.

[Efficacy of Capture and Ligation Probe-PCR with#br# Pooling Strategy in Detection of Plasmodium spp.].

The capture and ligation probe-PCR（CLIP-PCR） with pooling strategy method and microscopy were applied on 100 clinical samples（7 positive and 93 negative samples） from the malaria reference laboratory in Yunnan Province. By calculating the detection rate, sensitivity, specificity, detection time and detection cost, the efficacy of the CLIP-PCR with pooling strategy method in detecting Plasmodium spp. was evaluated.