Postoperative pulmonary complications after major abdominal surgery in elderly patients and its association with patient-controlled analgesia.

Objectives: This study aims to identify the risk factors for postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in elderly patients undergoing major abdominal surgery and to investigate the relationship between patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) and PPCs.

Design: A retrospective study.

Method: Clinical data and demographic information of elderly patients (aged ≥ 60 years) who underwent upper abdominal surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from 2017 to 2019 were retrospectively collected.

Interaction-driven Chern insulating phases in the lattice with Rashba spin-orbit coupling.

The magnetic interaction is a necessary ingredient to break the time-reversal symmetry in realizing quantum anomalous Hall, or Chern insulating phases. Here, we study topological phases in the model, a minimal theoretical model supporting the flat band, taking account of Rashba spin-orbit coupling and flat-band-induced spontaneous ferromagnetism. By analyzing the interaction-driven phase diagrams, band structures, topological edge states, and topological invariants, we demonstrate that this system offers a platform for realizing a wide range of phases, including normal insulators, semimetals, and Chern insulators.

Inadvertent radical nephrectomy leads to worse prognosis in renal pelvic urothelial carcinoma patients: A propensity score-matched study.

Objective: To compare overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) in renal pelvic urothelial carcinoma (RPUC) patients treated with radical nephroureterectomy (NU) and inadvertent radical nephrectomy (RN).

Patients And Methods: In this retrospective study, patients with RPUC who underwent NU or RN diagnosed between 2004 and 2017 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. To adjust the confounders, the propensity score-matched analysis was conducted.

Identification of potential biomarkers for abdominal pain in IBS patients by bioinformatics approach.

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional gastrointestinal disease characterized by chronic abdominal discomfort and pain. The mechanisms of abdominal pain, as a relevant symptom, in IBS are still unclear. We aimed to explore the key genes and neurobiological changes specially involved in abdominal pain in IBS.

Sulforaphane reduces apoptosis and oncosis along with protecting liver injury-induced ischemic reperfusion by activating the Nrf2/ARE pathway.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury (HIRI) and to explore the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: The rat model of HIRI was established. Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into sham (A), SFN (B), HIRI (C), and SFN + HIRI (D) groups.

[Effect of N-acetylcysteine on intestinal injury induced by cardiopulmonary bypass in rats].

Objective: To observe the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on intestine injury induced by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in rats.

Methods: Thirty-two rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group, NAC control group, CPB model group, and CPB plus NAC treatment group (n=8). In the latter two groups, the rats were subjected to CPB for 1 h.

Treatment with Astragalus membranaceus produces antioxidative effects and attenuates intestinal mucosa injury induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion in rats.

Astragalus membranaceus, also known as huang qi, a traditional Chinese medicine, is often used in formulas for deficiency of vital energy characterized by limb weakness, pale face, and dizziness. Previous studies have shown that Astragalus membranaceus could attenuate intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by hemorrhagic shock in rats; however, the underlying mechanism still remains unclear. Using a hemorrhagic shock rat model to examine the effect of Astragalus membranaceus on intestinal mucosa injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion, we found that treatment (20 g crude drugs/kg, i.

Improving the quality of acute pain services: experiences of treatment of 5212 patients.

Background: In a retrospective, non-randomized, observational study, we compared methods of postoperative analgesia in 5212 cases treated in 2003 and 2004.

Methods: Patients were allocated to two groups: Group A included 2,796 patients treated in 2004; Group B included 2,419 treated in 2003.The acute pain team was staffed by anaesthesiologists who performed daily visits to patients receiving the APS.

[Effects of mechanical ventilation and controlled spontaneous respiration on pulmonary function during short duration of general anesthesia with tracheal intubation].

Objective: To evaluate the effects of mechanical ventilation on pulmonary function during short duration of general anesthesia with tracheal intubation, and assess the safety of controlled spontaneous respiration during general anesthesia.

Methods: Fifty-three adult patients (aged 18-55 years, ASA physical status I-II) scheduled for elective unilateral tympanoplasty were randomly assigned into mechanical ventilation group (group M, n=28) and spontaneous respiration group (group S, n=25). Anesthesia induction was performed in group M with intravenous propofol (2 mg/kg), fentanyl (3 microg View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Study on pretreatment of FPS-1 in rats with hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.

This study was designed to determine whether FPS-1, the water-soluble polysaccharide isolated from fuzi, protected against hepatic damage in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats, and its mechanism. SD rats were subjected to 60 min of hepatic ischemia, followed by 120 min reperfusion. FPS-1 (160 mg/kg/day) was administered orally for 5 days before ischemia-reperfusion injury in treatment group.

Ghrelin prevents doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity through TNF-alpha/NF-kappaB pathways and mitochondrial protective mechanisms.

We had reported that increased levels of endogenous ghrelin during the progression of doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy and heart failure might provide a compensatory self-protective effect. We investigated which pathway(s) produced these protective effects in vitro. Primary cultured cardiomyocytes were induced with doxorubicin in the presence or absence of ghrelin or a tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) antagonist (etanercept).

[A comparison of the metabolic effect of postoperative analgesia with lornoxicam and morphine or morphine on patients undergoing gastrointestinal carcinoma operation].

Objective: To compare the metabolic effect of postoperative analgesia with lornoxicam/morphine or morphine on patients undergoing gastrointestinal carcinoma operation.

Methods: One hundred patients, undergone gastrointestinal carcinoma operations, were randomly assigned into two groups: group A received postoperative analgesia with lornoxicam/morphine and Group B with morphine alone. Parenteral nutrition with limited nitrogen resource was given to both groups.

[Effect of postoperative analgesia with flurbiprofen axetil and sufentanyl on metabolism of surgical patients with intestinal carcinoma].

Objective: T To evaluate the effect of postoperative analgesia with flurbiprofen axetil combined with sufentanyl in modulating the metabolism of patients undergoing operations for intestinal carcinoma.

Methods: Eighty patients undergoing operations for intestinal carcinoma were randomly assigned into two groups, in group A, the patients received postoperative analgesia with flurbiprofen axetil combined with sufentanyl, and in group B, only sufentanyl was given. Parenteral nutrition with restricted nitrogen resource was given in both groups.

[Analysis of factors leading to prescheduled analgesic withdrawal in patients with postoperative epidural analgesia].

Objective: To analyze the factors leading to prescheduled analgesic withdrawal in patients with postoperative epidural analgesia.

Methods: A retrospective study of 4876 patients with postoperative epidural analgesia was conducted and the effect of analgesia and incidence of prescheduled analgesic withdrawal were recorded. The factors precipitating the occurrences of analgesic withdrawal and complications were analyzed.

[Effects of Astragalus membranaceus injection on nitric oxide and endothelin concentration of intestinal mucosa after hemorrhage shock-reperfusion in rats].

Objective: To observe the effects of Stragalus membranaceus injection on nitric oxide and endothelin levels of intestinal mucosa in reperfusion injury after hemorrhage shock.

Method: 32 SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal group, model group, low dosage group, (treated with Astragalus membranaceus 10 g x kg(-1)); high dosage group (treated with Astragalus membranaceus 20 g x kg(-1)). Models of hemorrhagic shock for 60 minutes and reperfusion for 90 minutes were created.