The relationship between the use of screen-based devices and self-reported sleep quality in adolescents aged 13-19 years in Brunei.

Background: The widespread use of digital devices among adolescents has raised concerns about the potential impact of screen time on sleep quality. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between screen time and self-reported sleep quality in adolescents.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on adolescents (13- to 19-year-olds) using multi-stage cluster sampling with probability proportional to the size of public schools.

Tympanal ears mediate male-male competition, courtship and mating success in butterflies.

The presence of intra-specific acoustic communication in diurnal butterflies is not well established. Here, we examined the function of the tympanal ear (Vogel's organ, VO) in the seasonally polyphenic butterfly in the context of sexual signalling. We investigated how the VO and the flanking enlarged veins, which are suggested sound resonance chambers, scale with wing size across sexes and seasonal forms, and how disruptions to the VO alter courtship behaviour and mating outcomes.

Heterologous prime-boost with mRNA-1273 stimulates persistent neutralising antibodies in BBIBP-CorV-vaccinated individuals.

BBIBP-CorV inactivated vaccine is one of the most prevalent vaccines globally, but immune responses are far less studied than novel COVID-19 vaccine platforms. Longitudinal studies on BBIBP-CorV with homologous and heterologous booster doses are limited. This study follows a subset of participants from a national study comparing the immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines and levels of SARS-CoV-2 neutralising antibody (NAb).

Survival Analysis of Lung Cancer patients in Brunei Darussalam.

Background: Cancer has been the most common cause of deaths in Brunei Darussalam including lung cancer as one of the top killers. This study presents the survival analysis of primary lung cancer patients in Brunei Darussalam.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of a 15-year period (2002-2016) involving 797 primary lung cancer cases.

Cancer incidence and mortality in Brunei Darussalam, 2011 to 2020.

This study presents the trends of age-standardised incidence and mortality rates of common cancers in Brunei Darussalam from 2011 to 2020. All cancer cases diagnosed among Brunei Darussalam citizens and permanent residents in the period 2011 to 2020 were included in the study. De-identified data were provided by the CanReg5 based BDCR, Ministry of Health Brunei Darussalam.

Survival of cervical cancer patients in Brunei Darussalam: 2002-2017.

Objective: Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths among Bruneian women. This study aims to investigate the survival rate of cervical cancer patients in Brunei Darussalam between 2002 and 2017, to compare survival of cervical cancer patients between two periods: 2002-2009 and 2010-2017 and to identify prognostic factors of cervical cancer.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study on cervical cancer patients registered in Brunei Darussalam Cancer Registry between 2002 and 2017.

Effectiveness of vero cell inactivated vaccine against severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) in Sibu, Malaysia: A retrospective test-negative design.

The effectiveness of the vero cell inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac®) against severe acute respiratory infection (‎SARI)‎ caused by SARS-CoV-2 in the real world was assessed. A matched test-negative case-control design was employed using the web-based national information system, as well as the hospitalization dataset in Sibu Hospital. Vaccine effectiveness was measured by conditional logistic regression with adjustment for gender, underlying comorbidity, smoking status, and education level.

Immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines and levels of SARS-CoV-2 neutralising antibody in the Bruneian population: Protocol for a national longitudinal study.

Introduction: Neutralising antibodies (NAbs) have been shown to be correlative of immune protection against SARS-CoV-2. We report the protocol for a national longitudinal study to assess and compare the level of NAbs generated in response to COVID-19 vaccines in Brunei Darussalam in adults 2-6 weeks post primary series (BBIBP-CorV, AZD1222, or mRNA-1273 vaccines) and their subsequent follow-up after administration of a third (booster-1) dose (BBIBP-CorV, mRNA-1273, or BNT162b2).

Methods And Analysis: Participant data will be extracted and processed from the national electronic health record system (Bru-HIMS) and the national mobile health application (BruHealth) into a research data platform.

Technology-assisted adaptive recruitment strategy for a large nation-wide COVID-19 vaccine immunogenicity study in Brunei.

A national study was conducted in Brunei to assess and compare the immunogenicity of the various brands of COVID-19 vaccines administered to the population as part of the National COVID-19 Vaccination Programme. Most of the population have had received at least 2 doses of BBIBP-CorV, AZD1222 or MRNA-1273 vaccines. Neutralising antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 induced by these vaccines will be analysed to infer population-level immune protection against COVID-19.

Evaluation of cardiovascular diseases risk calculators for CVDs prevention and management: scoping review.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. This review aimed to summarise evidence on the key features, usability and benefits of CVD risk calculators using digital platforms for CVDs prevention and management in populations.

Methods: We used search engines and thematic analyses to conduct a scoping review.

Sample size calculation for prevalence studies using Scalex and ScalaR calculators.

Background: Although books and articles guiding the methods of sample size calculation for prevalence studies are available, we aim to guide, assist and report sample size calculation using the present calculators.

Results: We present and discuss four parameters (namely level of confidence, precision, variability of the data, and anticipated loss) required for sample size calculation for prevalence studies. Choosing correct parameters with proper understanding, and reporting issues are mainly discussed.

Association between quality of sleep and screen time during the COVID-19 outbreak among adolescents in the United Arab Emirates.

The COVID-19 pandemic had a major impact on people of all ages. Adolescents' exposure to online learning is linked to excessive screen time on digital devices, which leads to poor sleep quality. This study aimed to investigate the association between screen time on different electronic devices and sleep quality among adolescents in the United Arab Emirates.

Salivary cortisol, perceived stress and coping strategies: A comparative study of working and nonworking women.

Aims: This study investigated stress levels and coping strategies among working and nonworking women in the United Arab Emirates.

Background: Stress levels in working and nonworking women have previously been studied, but few studies used cortisol to measure stress or examined how coping strategies affect stress levels.

Methods: We employed a cross-sectional design with a convenience sample of women aged 20-65 years.

Incidence, Mortality and Survival Analysis of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer in Brunei Darussalam.

Background: This study provides population-based study of cancer incidence, mortality and survival rates for women diagnosed with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), and evaluate the prognostic factors of EOC patients survival in Brunei Darussalam.

Methods: This is a retrospective  study of patients diagnosed with EOC between 1st January 2007 and 31st December 2017 in Brunei Darussalam. Crude, age-specific, age-standardized incidence and mortality rates per 100,000 women were calculated.

Fall determinants in hospitalised older patients: a nested case control design - incidence, extrinsic and intrinsic risk in Malaysia.

Background: The older person is at greater risk of falls due to multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors. This is compounded when the elderly is admitted to hospitals, as they are acutely ill and placed in an unfamiliar environment. Delirium and polypharmacy further complicate these problems.

Posttraumatic stress disorders and influencing factors during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study of frontline nurses.

Aims: To assess the extent of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and severity, factors motivating work continuation, and factors influencing PTSD development among frontline nurses caring for patients with COVID-19.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has an emotional toll on nurses. Exposure to traumatic events associated with the pandemic places frontline nurses at risk for developing PTSD.

Academic experiences, physical and mental health impact of COVID-19 pandemic on students and lecturers in health care education.

Background: In keeping with nation-wide efforts to contain the spread of COVID-19, Universiti Brunei Darussalam (UBD) transformed fully its pedagogical delivery to online mode, where we investigated teaching and learning experiences, physical and mental health of undergraduate students and lecturers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on undergraduate students and lecturers in a health science faculty using a self-developed pretested questionnaire through anonymous online data collection method.

Results: Fifty-six lecturers (100% response rate) and 279 students (93.

A survey of visual impairment and blindness in children attending eight schools for the blind in Myanmar: An update.

Purpose: To determine the causes of visual impairment (VI) and blindness among children in schools for the blind in Myanmar; to identify the avoidable causes of VI and blindness; to provide spectacles, low-vision aids, and ophthalmic treatment where indicated; to provide an update of the 2007 survey performed and identify any major epidemiological changes.

Methods: Two hundred and ninety children under 16 years of age from all eight schools for the blind in Myanmar were examined and the data entered into the World Health Organization Prevention of Blindness Examination Record for Childhood Blindness.

Results: In total, 271 children (93.

Predation favours butterflies with fewer forewing eyespots.

There are fewer eyespots on the forewings versus hindwings of nymphalids but the reasons for this uneven distribution remain unclear. One possibility is that, in many butterflies, the hindwing covers part of the ventral forewing at rest and there are fewer forewing sectors to display eyespots (covered eyespots are not continuously visible and are less likely to be under positive selection). A second explanation is that having fewer forewing eyespots confers a selective advantage against predators.

Psychometric properties of brief-COPE inventory among nurses.

Objective: Brief-COPE inventory is widely used to assess coping; however, validation evidence is absent and previous results were inconsistent. This study aimed to validate psychometric properties of this inventory to ensure culturally appropriate usage.

Methods: Preliminary validation study on 423 female nurses from the United Arab Emirates.

Survival of colorectal cancer patients in Brunei Darussalam: comparison between 2002-09 and 2010-17.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. It is the second leading cause of cancer death in men and women in Brunei Darussalam in 2017, posing a major burden on society.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study (n = 1035 patients diagnosed with CRC in Brunei Darussalam from 1st January 2002 until 31st December 2017) aims to compare the overall survival rates of CRC patients (2002-2017), to compare survival rates between two study periods (2002-2009 and 2010-2017) and to identify prognostic factors of CRC.

Development and external evaluation of predictions models for mortality of COVID-19 patients using machine learning method.

Unlabelled: To predict the mortality of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We collected clinical data of COVID-19 patients between January 18 and March 29 2020 in Wuhan, China . Gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT), logistic regression (LR) model, and simplified LR were built to predict the mortality of COVID-19.

Incidence, Survival and Prognostic Factors of Oesophagogastric Cancer.

Introduction: Oesophagogastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide due to its aggressive nature. Despite the high mortality rate, there is limited information regarding this cancer in Brunei.

Aim: To estimate the incidence and survival duration of oesophagogastric cancer patients, to identify prognostic factors of oesophagogastric cancer and associated factors for late-stage oesophagogastric cancer detection.

Implications of Islamic Governance towards Psychosocial Work Stressors and Work Productivity.

This is a cross-sectional study, using multivariate regression analysis, to explore the relationship of Islamic governance on psychosocial work stressors and work productivity in healthcare settings. The results revealed that Islamic governing components that are culturally assimilating were significantly related to positive aspects of psychosocial work stressors and increased productivity. Organisational goals that are re-directed towards the Maqasīd, i.

Prevalence and determinants of overweight/obesity among school-aged adolescents in the United Arab Emirates: a cross-sectional study of private and public schools.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and predictors of obesity among adolescents in the United Arab Emirates.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Private and public secondary schools.