The association between blood metals and cardiovascular diseases: findings from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2020.

Objectives: Previous studies have examined the relationship between cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and blood metal levels. However, fewer studies have investigated the role of the combinations of blood metals on CVDs. In the current study, our aim is to explore the roles of specific blood metals and further develop a model to differentiate between healthy participants and CVD patients using database from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Metformin as a strategy against false positives in F-FDG PET/CT due to inflammation.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Despite recent improvements in incidence and mortality rates, the prognosis of lung cancer remains dire.F-FDG PET/CT plays a vital role in diagnosing, staging, and monitoring the therapeutic efficacy of lung cancer.

Numerical simulation and experimental study on guidance performance of hypersonic seeker under aerodynamic optical transmission effects.

When a hypersonic seeker flies at high speed within the atmosphere, intense interaction with the incoming flow gradually develops into a complex turbulent flow field. This interaction results in complex thermal responses at the seeker window, causing aerodynamic optical effects such as image shift, jitter, and blur of the target image, thereby restricting the seeker's detection capability and accuracy. This paper uses a numerical simulation model for the guidance performance of a hypersonic seeker under aerodynamic optical transmission effects.

Theoretical Study of the Magnetic Mechanism of a Pca21 CN Monolayer and the Regulation of Its Magnetism by Gas Adsorption.

For metal-free low-dimensional ferromagnetic materials, a hopeful candidate for next-generation spintronic devices, investigating their magnetic mechanisms and exploring effective ways to regulate their magnetic properties are crucial for advancing their applications. Our work systematically investigated the origin of magnetism of a graphitic carbon nitride (Pca21 CN) monolayer based on the analysis on the partial electronic density of states. The magnetic moment of the Pca21 CN originates from the spin-split of the 2 orbit from special carbon (C) atoms and 2 orbit from N atoms around the Fermi energy, which was caused by the lone pair electrons in nitrogen (N) atoms.

Recent Progress of Ion-Modified TiO for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production.

Harnessing solar energy to produce hydrogen through semiconductor-mediated photocatalytic water splitting is a promising avenue to address the challenges of energy scarcity and environmental degradation. Ever since Fujishima and Honda's groundbreaking work in photocatalytic water splitting, titanium dioxide (TiO) has garnered significant interest as a semiconductor photocatalyst, prized for its non-toxicity, affordability, superior photocatalytic activity, and robust chemical stability. Nonetheless, the efficacy of solar energy conversion is hampered by TiO's wide bandgap and the swift recombination of photogenerated carriers.

Sc-Modified CN Nanotubes for High-Capacity Hydrogen Storage: A Theoretical Prediction.

Utilizing hydrogen as a viable substitute for fossil fuels requires the exploration of hydrogen storage materials with high capacity, high quality, and effective reversibility at room temperature. In this study, the stability and capacity for hydrogen storage in the Sc-modified CN nanotube are thoroughly examined through the application of density functional theory (DFT). Our finding indicates that a strong coupling between the Sc-3d orbitals and N-2p orbitals stabilizes the Sc-modified CN nanotube at a high temperature (500 K), and the high migration barrier (5.

-based visual assay integrating RPA and CRISPR/ for the detection of African swine fever virus.

Introduction: Early detection of the virus in the environment or in infected pigs is a critical step to stop African swine fever virus (ASFV) transmission. The p22 protein encoded by ASFV gene has been shown to have no effect on viral replication and virulence and can serve as a molecular marker for distinguishing field virus strains from future candidate deletion vaccine strains.

Methods: This study established an ASFV detection assay specific for the highly conserved ASFV gene based on recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and the CRISPR/Cas12 reaction system.

Smart Energy Storage: WO NW/TiCT Composite-Enabled All Solid State Flexible Electrochromic Supercapacitors.

Developing a highly efficient electrochromic energy storage device with sufficient color fluctuation and significant electrochemical performance is highly desirable for practical energy-saving applications. Here, to achieve a highly stable material with a large electrochemical storage capacity, a WO NW/TiCT composite has been fabricated and deposited on a pre-assembled Ag and WO NW conductive network by Langmuir-Blodgett technique. The resulting hybrid electrode composed of 15 layers of WO NW/TiCT composite exhibits an areal capacitance of 125 mF cm, with a fast and reversible switching response.

Functional Photocatalysts: Material Design, Synthesis and Applications.

Rapid industrial and economic growth, experienced on a global scale, has been greatly facilitated by the extensive use and exploitation of traditional energy resources [...

Effect of Intrinsic Ferroelectric Phase Transition on Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalysis.

Heterogeneous electrocatalysis closely relies on the electronic structure of the catalytic materials. The ferroelectric-to-paraelectric phase transition of the materials also involves a change in the state of electrons that could impact the electrocatalytic activity, but such correlation remains unexplored. Here, we demonstrate experimentally and theoretically that the intrinsic electrocatalytic activity could be regulated as exampled by hydrogen evolution reaction catalysis over two-dimensional ferroelectric CuInPS.

Effect of lignin on the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in smoked and grilled meat products.

In order to explore the influence of wood types on formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in traditional smoked and grilled meat products, the effect of lignin in woods on formation of PAHs was investigated in meat model systems. The results showed that PAHs formation was much dependent on the heating conditions. The addition of lignin led to significantly increased PAHs, which being connected with lignin structure.

Hierarchical deconvolution dehazing method based on transmission map segmentation.

Images captured in fog are often affected by scattering. Due to the absorption and scattering of light by aerosols and water droplets, the image quality will be seriously degraded. The specific manifests are brightness decrease, contrast decrease, image blur, and noise increase.

Controllable Electrocatalytic to Photocatalytic Conversion in Ferroelectric Heterostructures.

Photocatalytic and electrocatalytic reactions to produce value-added chemicals offer promising solutions for addressing the energy crisis and environmental pollution. Photocatalysis is driven by light excitation and charge separation and relies on semiconducting catalysts, while electrocatalysis is driven by external electric current and is mostly based on metallic catalysts with high electrical conductivity. Due to the distinct reaction mechanism, the conversion between the two catalytic types has remained largely unexplored.

Two-dimensional InTeClO: an ultrawide-bandgap material with potential application in a deep ultraviolet photodetector.

Ultrawide-bandgap semiconductors, possessing bandgaps distinctly larger than the 3.4 eV of GaN, have emerged as a promising class capable of achieving deep ultraviolet (UV) light detection. Based on first-principles calculations, we propose an unexplored two-dimensional (2D) InTeClO layered system with ultrawide bandgaps ranging from 4.

Optical performance evaluation of an infrared system of a hypersonic vehicle in an aero-thermal environment.

At hypersonic velocities, the turbulent flow field generated by an aircraft, along with its temperature distribution, leads to significant aerodynamic optical effects that severely impede the performance of internal optical systems. This study proposes a method for analyzing the temporal characteristics of imaging degradation in a detector window infrared imaging system under different field angles of hypersonic velocity. Based on heat transfer theory, a method for solving the transient temperature field in the optical window of a high-speed aircraft is derived and established, considering unsteady thermal conduction-radiation coupling.

Adaptive optimization technology of a conformal infrared dome based on the Von Karman surface under hypersonic conditions.

With the advent of the hypersonic era, diverse combat methods of hypersonic precision-guided weapons have been gradually developed. This study focuses on the precise design of a conformal infrared dome to accommodate different working conditions. To achieve this, an adaptive optimization technology for configuring conformal infrared domes is proposed, employing a multi-objective genetic algorithm.

Armchair Janus WSSe Nanotube Designed with Selenium Vacancy as a Promising Photocatalyst for CO Reduction.

Photocatalytic conversion of carbon dioxide into chemical fuels offers a promising way to not only settle growing environmental problems but also provide a renewable energy source. In this study, through first-principles calculation, we found that the Se vacancy introduction can lead to the transition of physical-to-chemical CO adsorption on Janus WSSe nanotube. Se vacancies work at the adsorption site, which significantly improves the amount of transferred electrons at the interface, resulting in the enhanced electron orbital hybridization between adsorbents and substrates, and promising the high activity and selectivity for carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CORR).

Single Selenium Atomic Vacancy Enabled Efficient Visible-Light-Response Photocatalytic NO Reduction to NH on Janus WSSe Monolayer.

The NO reduction reaction (NORR) toward NH is simultaneously emerging for both detrimental NO elimination and valuable NH synthesis. An efficient NORR generally requires a high degree of activation of the NO gas molecule from the catalyst, which calls for a powerful chemisorption. In this work, by means of first-principles calculations, we discovered that the NO gas molecule over the Janus WSSe monolayer might undergo a physical-to-chemical adsorption transition when Se vacancy is introduced.

The charge effects on the hydrogen evolution reaction activity of the defected monolayer MoS.

Doping engineering has proven to be an effective way to tune the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity of MoS. Introducing these defects could cause the overall charge imbalance of MoS, which makes MoS charged. In order to understand the effect of charge on the HER activity of the defected MoS, we systematically investigate the formation energies, hydrogen adsorption Gibbs free energy (), and electronic structures of 3d, 4d, and 5d transition metal (TM) doped monolayer MoS with S vacancies (S) based on the density functional theory (DFT) calculations.

Comparison of growth performance and rumen metabolic pathways in sheep and goats under the same feeding pattern.

Diet and species are important factors affecting the rumen microbiota, with roughage stimulating rumen development and concentrate feeds being broken down by the decomposition of Ruminal flora to provide the organism with a large amount of energy. This study aimed to explore the effects of host and dietary factors on rumen flora composition and diversity, as well as on host metabolism. The study reports the research conducted on 5-month-old male Small-tail Han sheep and 5-month-old male Boer goat, each with an average weight of 33.

NO Physical-to-Chemical Adsorption Transition on Janus WSSe Monolayers Realized by Defect Introduction.

As is well known, NO adsorption plays an important role in gas sensing and treatment because it expands the residence time of compounds to be treated in plasma-catalyst combination. In this work, the adsorption behaviors and mechanism of NO over pristine and Se-vacancy defect-engineered WSSe monolayers have been systematically investigated using density functional theory (DFT). The adsorption energy calculation reveals that introducing Se vacancy acould result in a physical-to-chemical adsorption transition for the system.

Tunable Photocatalytic Water Splitting Performance of Armchair MoSSe Nanotubes Realized by Polarization Engineering.

The photocatalytic properties of Janus transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) nanotubes are closely correlated with the electrostatic potential difference between their inner and outer surfaces (ΔΦ). However, due to some distraction from the tubular structures, it remains a great challenge to calculate their ΔΦ directly. Here, we creatively work out the ΔΦ of Janus MoSSe armchair single-walled nanotubes (A-SWNTs) with their corresponding building block models by first-principles calculations.

Improving the Energetic Stability and Electrocatalytic Performance of Au/WSSe Single-Atom Catalyst with Tensile Strain.

In the areas of catalysis and renewable energy conversion, the development of active and stable electrocatalysts continues to be a highly desirable and crucial aim. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) provide isolated active sites, high selectivity, and ease of separation from reaction systems, becoming a rapidly evolving research field. Unfortunately, the real roles and key factors of the supports that govern the catalytic properties of SACs remain uncertain.