Critical roles of extracellular vesicles in periodontal disease and regeneration.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are evolutionarily conserved communication mediators that play key roles in the development of periodontal disease as well as in regeneration processes. This concise review first outlines the pathogenic mechanisms through which EVs derived from bacteria lead to the progression of periodontitis, with a focus on the enrichment of virulence factors, the amplification of immune responses, and the induction of bone destruction as key aspects influenced by bacterial EVs. This review aims to elucidate the positive effects of EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs) on periodontal tissue regeneration.

The exploration of high production of tiancimycins in Streptomyces sp. CB03234-S revealed potential influences of universal stress proteins on secondary metabolisms of streptomycetes.

Background: Universal stress proteins (USPs) are prevalent in various bacteria to cope with different adverse stresses, while their possible effects on secondary metabolisms of hosts are unclear. Tiancimycins (TNMs) are ten-membered endiynes possessing excellent potential for development of anticancer antibody-drug conjugates. During our efforts to improve TNMs titer, a high-producing strain Streptomyces sp.

HCV RNA positivity among hepatitis C patients in Chongqing, China from 2004 to 2021: a cross-sectional study.

Background: A substantial number of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections have been diagnosed and reported, yet not all reported patients have received treatment, leading to uncertainties in the progression of the virus within these cases. This study aimed to assess the rate of HCV RNA positivity in the reported cases in Chongqing, China and identify key groups.

Methods: An investigation was conducted on 6,333 hepatitis C cases who were reported in the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention in 17 districts of Chongqing, China from 2004 to 2021.

Association of cardiorespiratory fitness with the incidence and progression trajectory of cardiometabolic multimorbidity.

Objectives: This study examined the relationship of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in the transition from healthy status to first cardiometabolic disease, subsequent cardiometabolic multimorbidity and further to death.

Methods: We used data from the UK Biobank of 47 484 participants without cardiometabolic diseases at baseline. CRF was assessed via a 6 min incremental ramp cycle ergometer test and expressed in metabolic equivalent of tasks (METs, 1 MET=3.

GOLM1 promotes cholesterol gallstone formation via ABCG5-mediated cholesterol efflux in MASH livers.

Background/aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a significant risk factor for gallstone formation, but mechanisms underlying MASH-related gallstone formation remain unclear. Golgi membrane protein 1 (GOLM1) participates in hepatic cholesterol metabolism and is upregulated in MASH. Here, we aimed to explore the role of GOLM1 in MASH-related gallstone formation.

Pathogen Distribution of Neonatal Bacterial Meningitis in the Era of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria: A Single-Center Experience.

Purpose: Neonatal bacterial meningitis (NBM) is a serious disease with high morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to establish a foundation for the selection of empirical antibiotics for NBM through an analysis of pathogen distribution and shift in antimicrobial resistant pattern.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective cohort study on culture confirmed NBM from 2005 to 2022.

Phosphorylation determines the glucose metabolism reprogramming and tumor-promoting activity of sine oculis homeobox 1.

Aerobic glycolysis is a hallmark of cancer and is regulated by growth factors, protein kinases and transcription factors. However, it remains poorly understood how these components interact to regulate aerobic glycolysis coordinately. Here, we show that sine oculis homeobox 1 (SIX1) phosphorylation integrates growth factors (e.

One-Click to 3D: Helical Carbon Nanotube-Mediated MXene Hierarchical Aerogel with Layer Spacing Engineering for Broadband Electromagnetic Wave Absorption.

MXenes are 2D materials known for their unique electromagnetic wave absorption (EMWA) properties arising from their varied composition and structure. In this study, a one-step ice-assisted process is utilized to directly transform 2D MXene into 3D single-layer MXene aerogels (SMAs). Furthermore, the interlayer spacing of the SMAs is optimized by incorporating helical carbon nanotubes (HCNTs).

Restraining Planar Gliding in Single-Crystalline LiNiCoMnO Cathodes by Combining Bulk and Surface Modification Strategies.

The delamination cracking from planar gliding along the (003) facets and anisotropic lattice strain perpendicular to the (003) facets inevitable lead to degradation of Ni-rich single-crystal cathode materials, adversely affecting their cyclability. Herein, we rationally design a single-crystal LiNiCoMnO (SC90) cathode with robust chemo-mechanical properties, in which coherently grown MgO octahedra and BO tetrahedra are incorporated into the lattice, and a stabilizing Mg(BO) layer is concurrently formed on the particle surface. Multiscale in/ex situ characterizations and theoretical calculations indicate that introducing the MgO and BO units leads to a "pinning effect" within the layered structure.

Ecological analysis of air particulate matter exposure and depression among adolescents in developing regions of Hubei, China.

Background: Adolescent depression is a health issue influenced by various factors, with the impact of environmental factors, particularly air pollution, being insufficiently understood. This study investigates the relationship between particulate matter (PM2.5) and adolescent mental health.

Quantitative Monitoring of Cyclic Glycine-Proline in Marine Mangrove-Derived Fungal Metabolites.

This study developed and validated a robust UPLC-MS/MS method for quantifying cyclic glycine-proline (cGP) in mangrove-derived and strains. The method demonstrated excellent linearity, precision, and recovery, with detection limits as low as 4.8 ng/mL.

Transcription Factors Are Involved in Wizened Bud Occurrence During the Growing Season in the Cultivar 'Sucui 1'.

Background: Flowers are important plant organs, and their development is correlated with yield in woody fruit trees. For cultivar 'Sucui 1', the research on how DNA methylation accurately regulates the expression of TFs and affects the specific regulatory mechanism of flower bud wizening will help reduce wizened buds.

Methods: Here, the DNA methylomes and transcriptomes of two types of flower buds from the cultivar 'Sucui 1' were compared.

Self-Boosting Programmable Release of Multiple Therapeutic Agents by Activatable Heterodimeric Prodrug-Enzyme Assembly for Antitumor Therapy.

Endogenous stimuli-responsive prodrugs, due to their disease lesion specificity and reduced systemic toxicity, have been widely explored for antitumor therapy. However, reactive oxygen species (ROS) as classical endogenous stimuli in the tumor microenvironment (TME) are not enough to achieve the expected drug release. Herein, a ROS-activatable heterodimeric prodrug-loaded enzyme assembly is developed for self-boosting programmable release of multiple therapeutic agents.

Knockdown of the long noncoding RNA VSIG2-1:1 promotes the angiogenic ability of human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells by activating the VEGF/PI3K/AKT pathway.

Background: Abnormal pulmonary vascular development poses significant clinical challenges for infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Although numerous factors have been suggested to control the development of pulmonary blood vessels, the mechanisms underlying the role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in this process remain unclear.

Methods: A lncRNA array was used to measure the differential expression of lncRNAs in premature infants with and without BPD.

Printed High-Entropy Prussian Blue Analogs for Advanced Non-Volatile Memristive Devices.

Non-volatile memristors dynamically switch between high (HRS) and low resistance states (LRS) in response to electrical stimuli, essential for electronic memories, neuromorphic computing, and artificial intelligence. High-entropy Prussian blue analogs (HE-PBAs) are promising insertion-type battery materials due to their diverse composition, high structural integrity, and favorable ionic conductivity. This work proposes a non-volatile, bipolar memristor based on HE-PBA.

Tailoring superstructure units for improved oxygen redox activity in Li-rich layered oxide battery's positive electrodes.

The high-voltage oxygen redox activity of Li-rich layered oxides enables additional capacity beyond conventional transition metal (TM) redox contributions and drives the development of positive electrode active materials in secondary Li-based batteries. However, Li-rich layered oxides often face voltage decay during battery operation. In particular, although Li-rich positive electrode active materials with a high nickel content demonstrate improved voltage stability, they suffer from poor discharge capacity.

Mechanically Driven, Continuous Synthesis of Chiroplasmonic Assemblies.

Chiral plasmonic nanomaterials─with their significant applications in protein detection, drug screening, and enantioselective sensing─necessitate an industrialized fabrication procedure to enhance their commercial viability. However, the prevailing manufacturing of chiral plasmonic nanoparticles and assemblies heavily leans on manual intervention, causing time-consuming and quality-inconsistent concerns. Here, we develop an automated, continuous mechanical synthesis system that consistently sprays metal nanowires to create chiroplasmonic assemblies: a macroscopic twisted layered structure comprising equivalent linear birefringence layers, approximate linear polarizer layers, and a precise angular offset between them.

Target-Engineered Liposomes Decorated with Nanozymes Alleviate Liver Fibrosis by Remodeling the Liver Microenvironment.

Liver fibrosis is a pathological repair response that occurs after sustained liver damage, and prompt intervention is necessary to prevent liver fibrosis from developing into a potentially life-threatening condition. In long-term liver injury, damaged hepatocytes produce excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which activate hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). This activation leads to excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins in liver tissue.

MET amplification correlates with poor prognosis and immunotherapy response as a subtype of melanoma: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Mesenchymal epithelial transition factor (MET) variant is an independent prognostic factor for worse prognosis in patients with lung cancer or gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma. MET gene variants can be regarded as a subtype of melanoma but there is a lack of studies regarding the frequency of MET genetic alterations and the efficacy of immunotherapy in melanoma patients. The purpose of this study is to explore potential therapeutic strategies for melanoma subtypes with MET alterations.

Pleiotropic effects of Ebony on pigmentation and development in the Asian multi-coloured ladybird beetle, Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae).

Melanin plays a pivotal role in insect body pigmentation, significantly contributing to their adaptation to diverse biotic and abiotic environmental challenges. Several genes involved in insect melanin synthesis showed pleiotropic effects on insect development and reproduction. Among these, the N-β-alanyl dopamine synthetase gene (Ebony) is integral to the pigmentation process.

Long-term efficacy and safety of tacrolimus in anti-MuSK antibody-positive myasthenia gravis: a retrospective single-center cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of tacrolimus in patients with muscle-specific kinase antibody-positive myasthenia gravis (MuSK-MG).

Methods: We performed a retrospective, single-center, and cross-sectional study analyzing medical records of 18 MuSK-MG patients treated with tacrolimus for more than 1 year. The efficacy and safety of tacrolimus were evaluated by modified Osserman scale, Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America post-intervention status, prednisone dosage, quantitative MG (QMG) scores, MG-activity of daily living (MG-ADL) scores, anti-MuSK antibody titers, blood routine, and serum biochemicals.