Leveraging deep neural network and language models for predicting long-term hospitalization risk in schizophrenia.

Early warning of long-term hospitalization in schizophrenia (SCZ) patients at the time of admission is crucial for effective resource allocation and individual treatment planning. In this study, we developed a deep learning model that integrates demographic, behavioral, and blood test data from admission to forecast extended hospital stays using a retrospective cohort. By utilizing language models, our developed algorithm efficiently extracts 95% of the unstructured electronic health records data needed for this work, while ensuring data privacy and low error rate.

Uncertainty Inspired Early Autism Spectrum Disorder Screening via Contrastive Image-viewing Paradigm.

Eye-tracking technology is found effective in revealing the specific visual preference of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) which can be characterized by high systemizing and low empathizing abilities. Early diagnosis is vital for ASD's subsequent treatment. However, existing eye-tracking-based methods suffer from long diagnostic times and low diagnostic accuracy due to the lack of awareness of gaze preference derived from individual differences.

Standard dose could be better! A multicenter study of tigecycline in patients with liver failure.

Background: High-dose (HD) tigecycline is often required for severe multidrug-resistant gram-negative infections in liver failure patients, despite package recommendations to halve the dose for those with severe liver impairment. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of different tigecycline doses in this population.

Research Design And Methods: A retrospective cohort of 192 patients with Child-Pugh grade C liver failure was divided into label-dose (LD), standard-dose (SD), and HD groups.

Effects of neutrophils on the relationship between physical activity and depression: Evidence from cross-sectional study and mendelian randomization analysis.

Objective: Physical activity (PA) is suggested to reduce the risk of depression, and inflammation is believed to play an important role in this antidepressant effect. The current study aims to investigate the effect of neutrophils, one of the most important markers of inflammation, on the relationship between PA and depression.

Methods: We cross-sectionally analyzed 34,317 adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Epigenetic Impacts of Non-Coding Mutations Deciphered Through Pre-Trained DNA Language Model at Single-Cell Resolution.

DNA methylation plays a critical role in gene regulation, affecting cellular differentiation and disease progression, particularly in non-coding regions. However, predicting the epigenetic consequences of non-coding mutations at single-cell resolution remains a challenge. Existing tools have limited prediction capacity and struggle to capture dynamic, cell-type-specific regulatory changes that are crucial for understanding disease mechanisms.

Confined CHA-HCR system for sensitive and specific detection of ANXA2 mRNA in adenomyosis tissues.

Isothermal, enzyme-free amplification techniques, such as the hybridization chain reaction (HCR) and catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA), have gained significant attention for mRNA analysis. Despite their potential, these methods still face challenges, including false positives and low amplification efficiency. To overcome these limitations, we have developed a confined catalytic hairpin assembly and hybridization chain reaction (CHA-HCR) system that utilizes cholesterol-modified hairpin probes to enhance the sensitivity and specificity of mRNA detection.

Synergistic growth suppression of Fusarium oxysporum MLY127 through Dimethachlon Nanoencapsulation and co-application with Bacillus velezensis MLY71.

Fusarium oxysporum is a destructive plant pathogen with robust survival mechanisms, complicating control efforts. This study aimed to develop nanoformulated fungicides, screen antagonistic bacteria, and evaluate their combined efficacy. A novel self-emulsifying nanoemulsion (DZW) was formulated using zein and benzaldehyde-modified wheat gluten (BgWG) as carriers for dimethachlon (DTN).

Timing of endoscopy in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding: protocol of a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: Endoscopy is important for the diagnosis and treatment of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB), especially acute variceal bleeding (AVB), in liver cirrhosis. However, the optimal timing of endoscopy remains controversial, primarily because the currently available evidence is of poor quality, and the definition of early endoscopy is also very heterogeneous among studies. Herein, a multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT) is performed to explore the impact of the timing of endoscopy on the outcomes of cirrhotic patients with AVB.

Peripheral molecular and brain structural profile implicated stress activation and hyperoxidation in methamphetamine use disorder.

Aim: Methamphetamine use disorders (MUDs) cause widespread disruptions in metabolomic and immunologic processes, highlighting the need for new therapeutic approaches. The purpose of this study was to find molecular and neuroimaging biomarkers for methamphetamine addiction.

Methods: In this study, we recruited 231 patients with MUD at varying stages of withdrawal and 40 healthy controls to quantify the blood levels of 52 molecules using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

The complete genome sequence of a strain MLY93 isolated from spot disease-infected tobacco leaves in China.

This study presents the complete gene sequence of a strain isolated from tobacco spot disease leaves in Xingyi, Guizhou Province, China. The genetic understanding of is advanced by this research.

Abnormal resting-state functional connectivity in subregions of amygdala in adults and adolescents with major depressive disorder.

Background: The different symptoms of major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescents compared to adults suggested there may be differences in the pathophysiology between adolescents and adults with MDD. However, despite the amygdala being considered critical in the pathophysiology, there was limited knowledge about the commonalities and differences in the resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of amygdala subregions in MDD patients of different age groups.

Methods: In the current study, 65 adolescents (46 with MDD and 19 controls) and 91 adults (35 with MDD and 56 controls) were included.

Causality Investigation between Gut Microbiome and Sleep-Related Traits: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Recent research has highlighted associations between sleep and microbial taxa and pathways. However, the causal effect of these associations remains unknown. To investigate this, we performed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using summary statistics of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) from 412 gut microbiome traits (N = 7738) and GWAS studies from seven sleep-associated traits (N = 345,552 to 386,577).

Shared and unique alterations of large-scale network connectivity in drug-free adolescent-onset and adult-onset major depressive disorder.

Differences in clinical manifestations and biological underpinnings between Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) onset during adolescence and adulthood have been posited in previous studies, implying an influential role of age of onset (AOO) in the clinical subtyping and therapeutic approaches to MDD. However, direct comparisons between the two cohorts and their age-matched controls have been lacking in extant investigations. In this investigation, 156 volunteers participated, comprising 46 adolescents with MDD (adolescent-onset group), 35 adults with MDD (adult-onset group), 19 healthy adolescents, and 56 healthy adults.

Development and validation of a nomogram model for all-cause mortality risk in patients with chronic heart failure and atrial fibrillation.

Background: As the global aging process continues to accelerate, heart failure (HF) has become an important cause of increased morbidity and mortality in elderly patients. Chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major risk factor for HF. Patients with HF combined with AF are more difficult to treat and have a worse prognosis.

Human lineage mutations regulate RNA-protein binding of conserved genes and involved in human evolution.

Background: The role of human lineage mutations (HLMs) in human evolution through post-transcriptional modification is unclear.

Aims: To investigate the contribution of HLMs to human evolution through post-transcriptional modification.

Methods: We applied a deep learning model Seqweaver to predict how HLMs impact RNA-binding protein affinity.

Haplotype function score improves biological interpretation and cross-ancestry polygenic prediction of human complex traits.

We propose a new framework for human genetic association studies: at each locus, a deep learning model (in this study, Sei) is used to calculate the functional genomic activity score for two haplotypes per individual. This score, defined as the Haplotype Function Score (HFS), replaces the original genotype in association studies. Applying the HFS framework to 14 complex traits in the UK Biobank, we identified 3619 independent HFS-trait associations with a significance of p < 5 × 10.