The effect of intraoperative radiotherapy in musculoskeletal malignancy: A population study from US SEER database.

The aim of our study was to explore the effect of IORT on survival outcome of patients with musculoskeletal malignancy. The prognostic factors of patients with IORT treatment were also identified in this study. The retrospective analysis was conducted based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database spanning from 2000 to 2020.

Modeling monocular form deprivation in rabbits using a simulated-cataract intraocular lens.

Aim: To establish an animal model of form deprivation amblyopia based on a simulated cataract intraocular lens (IOLs).

Methods: Poly(dimethyl siloxane)-SiO thin films (PSF) with different degrees of opacity as IOL materials were prepared. The light transmission of the PSF-IOL was measured, and its biosafety was determined by cell counting kit (CCK)-8 assay using the HLEC-B3 cell line and ARPE-19 cell line.

Dual-modality visual feature flow for medical report generation.

Medical report generation, a cross-modal task of generating medical text information, aiming to provide professional descriptions of medical images in clinical language. Despite some methods have made progress, there are still some limitations, including insufficient focus on lesion areas, omission of internal edge features, and difficulty in aligning cross-modal data. To address these issues, we propose Dual-Modality Visual Feature Flow (DMVF) for medical report generation.

Heat stress regulates the migration and proliferation of lens epithelial cells through ferroptosis and NCOA4-FTH1 interaction.

Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) due to the proliferation and migration of lens epithelial cells (LECs) is the main complication after surgery. Heat stress has demonstrated impressive results in halting cell proliferation and migration, while also facilitating cell death. This study aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of ferroptosis in the proliferation and migration of LECs under heat stress.

Evolutionary architecture search for generative adversarial networks using an aging mechanism-based strategy.

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have emerged as a key technology in artificial intelligence, especially in image generation. However, traditionally hand-designed GAN architectures often face significant training stability challenges, which are effectively addressed by our Evolutionary Neural Architecture Search (ENAS) algorithm for GANs, named EAMGAN. This one-shot model automates the design of GAN architectures and employs an Operation Importance Metric (OIM) to enhance training stability.

TiO2-Nanoparticle-Enhanced Sonodynamic Therapy for Prevention of Posterior Capsular Opacification and Ferroptosis Exploration of Its Mechanism.

Purpose: To explore the application and potential ferroptosis mechanisms of sonodynamic therapy (SDT) using titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) as sonosensitizers for the prevention of posterior capsule opacification (PCO).

Methods: We fabricated TiO2-NP-coated intraocular lenses (TiO2-IOLs) using the spin-coating method, followed by ultrasound activation of the photosensitizer TiO2. In vitro experiments were performed with human lens epithelial cells (HLECs) to explore the appropriate concentration of TiO2 and ultrasonic parameters.

The Potential and Challenges of Proton FLASH in Head and Neck Cancer Reirradiation.

Ultrahigh-dose-rate therapy, also known as FLASH radiotherapy (RT), is an emerging technique that is garnering significant interest in cancer treatment due to its potential to revolutionize therapy. This method can achieve comparable tumor control to conventional-dose-rate RT while offering the enhanced protection of normal tissue through the FLASH-sparing effect. This innovative technique has demonstrated promising results in preclinical studies involving animals and cell lines.

Investigation of the pharmacological mechanisms of Shenfu injection in acute pancreatitis through network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Background: Shenfu Injection (SFI) has emerged as a prevalent therapeutic intervention in clinical practice for the management of acute pancreatitis (AP). The purpose of this research was to investigate and validate the potential mechanisms of SFI in the treatment of AP through network pharmacology.

Methods: Network pharmacology was adopted to investigate the potential targets and mechanisms of SFI in the treatment of AP.

Analysis of factors related to radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck tumors undergoing radiotherapy.

Objective: To explore the risk factors of radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) in patients with head and neck tumors undergoing radiotherapy.

Methods: A retrospective collection was conducted on patients with head and neck tumors who underwent radiotherapy and chemotherapy in our hospital from April 1, 2015 to April 1, 2019. They were divided into an incidence group (n = 48) and a non-incidence group (n = 76) based on whether RIOM occurred, and relevant data was collected for comparison.

A set of pretreatment reagents including improved formula fixation and decalcification facilitating immunohistochemistry and DNA analyses of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded bone marrow trephine biopsy.

Bone marrow biopsy depends on tissue morphology, immunohistochemical staining, and moleculardetection. Tissue pretreatment is required for bone marrow samples, from clinical specimen acquisition to pathological reporting, but during the process, proteins and nucleic acids are often altered because of the acid in fixation and decalcification solutions. In our study, we present an easy and effective pretreatment protocol and compared this novel pretreatment protocol (Set 2) with an existing traditional pretreatment process (Set 1) using tissue morphology, IHC staining, and molecular pathological analyses.

Integrated Metagenomic and Metabolomics Profiling Reveals Key Gut Microbiota and Metabolites Associated with Weaning Stress in Piglets.

(1) Background: Weaning is a challenging and stressful event in the pig's life, which disrupts physiological balance and induces oxidative stress. Microbiota play a significant role during the weaning process in piglets. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate key gut microbiota and metabolites associated with weaning stress in piglets.

Transcription factor ETS1‑mediated ECT2 expression promotes the malignant behavior of prostate cancer cells.

Prostate cancer remains the most prevalent malignancy diagnosed in men worldwide. Epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (ECT2) is an oncogene involved in the progression of human tumors. The present study aimed to explore the involvement of ECT2 in prostate cancer and its participation in the malignant progression of prostate cancer.

Clinicopathologic and molecular characteristics of neuroendocrine carcinomas of the gallbladder.

Gallbladder neuroendocrine carcinomas (GB-NECs) are a rare subtype of malignant gallbladder cancer (GBC). The genetic and molecular characteristics of GB-NECs are rarely reported. This study aims to assess the frequency of microsatellite instability (MSI) in GB-NECs and characterize their clinicopathologic and molecular features in comparison with gallbladder adenocarcinomas (GB-ADCs).

Clinical and molecular significance of homologous recombination deficiency positive non-small cell lung cancer in Chinese population: An integrated genomic and transcriptional analysis.

Objective: The clinical significance of homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) in breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and prostate cancer has been established, but the value of HRD in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been fully investigated. This study aimed to systematically analyze the HRD status of untreated NSCLC and its relationship with patient prognosis to further guide clinical care.

Methods: A total of 355 treatment-naïve NSCLC patients were retrospectively enrolled.

MK-0608 inhibits in vitro and in vivo RNA replication of infectious pancreatic necrosis virus.

Infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) is an important pathogen that is threatening the worldwide salmon and trout industry. But there is no therapeutic drug available for now. In this study, we demonstrate that MK-0608 is highly efficient against IPNV and low cytotoxic, with a 50 % effective concentration (EC) of 0.

Targeted delivery of type I TGF-β receptor-mimicking peptide to fibrotic kidney for improving kidney fibrosis therapy via enhancing the inhibition of TGF-β1/Smad and p38 MAPK pathways.

Renal fibrosis is a representative pathological feature of various chronic kidney diseases, and efficient treatment is needed. Interstitial myofibroblasts are a key driver of kidney fibrosis, which is dependent on the binding of TGF-β1 to type I TGF-β receptor (TβRI) and TGF-β1-related signaling pathways. Therefore, attenuating TGF-β1 activity by competing with TGF-β1 in myofibroblasts is an ideal strategy for treating kidney fibrosis.

CGFTrans: Cross-Modal Global Feature Fusion Transformer for Medical Report Generation.

Medical report generation, as a cross-modal automatic text generation task, can be highly significant both in research and clinical fields. The core is to generate diagnosis reports in clinical language from medical images. However, several limitations persist, including a lack of global information, inadequate cross-modal fusion capabilities, and high computational demands.

Targeting delivery of a novel TGF-β type I receptor-mimicking peptide to activated hepatic stellate cells for liver fibrosis therapy via inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad and p38 MAPK signaling pathways.

Excessive transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) secreted by activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs) aggravates liver fibrosis via over-activation of TGF-β1-mediated signaling pathways in a TGF-β type I receptor (TβRI) dependent manner. TβRI with the C-terminal valine truncated (RIPΔ), as a novel TβRI-mimicking peptide, is an appealing anti-fibrotic candidate by competitive binding of TGF-β1 to block TGF-β1 signal transduction. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFβR) is highly expressed on the surface of aHSCs in liver fibrosis.

The clinicopathological features and possible physiological mechanisms of only the EGFR-T790M primary mutation in patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: The treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients can be complicated by the presence of the EGFR-T790M mutation. Although primary or secondary EGFR-T790M mutations have been extensively studied worldwide, there are few reports on the clinicopathological characteristics and physiological mechanisms of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) with only the EGFR-T790M primary mutation.

Methods: The clinical data of all LUAD patients with only the EGFR-T790M primary mutation were collected.

Role of serum neuron-specific enolase levels in the early diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis-associated encephalopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is one of the most ubiquitous complications of sepsis and is characterized by cognitive impairment, poor prognosis, and a lack of uniform clinical diagnostic criteria. Therefore, this study investigated the early diagnostic and prognostic value of serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) in SAE.

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis systematically searched for clinical trials with serum NSE information in patients with sepsis in the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane databases from their inception to April 10, 2023.

Heterointerface regulation of covalent organic framework-anchored graphene a solvent-free strategy for high-performance supercapacitor and hybrid capacitive deionization electrodes.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with customizable geometry and redox centers are an ideal candidate for supercapacitors and hybrid capacitive deionization (HCDI). However, their poor intrinsic conductivity and micropore-dominated pore structures severely impair their electrochemical performance, and the synthesis process using organic solvents brings serious environmental and cost issues. Herein, a 2D redox-active pyrazine-based COF (BAHC-COF) was anchored on the surface of graphene in a solvent-free strategy for heterointerface regulation.

Risk factors and related miRNA phenotypes of chronic pain after thoracoscopic surgery in lung adenocarcinoma patients.

Chronic postsurgical pain may have a substantial impact on patient's quality of life, and has highly heterogenous presentation amongst sufferers. We aimed to explore the risk factors relating to chronic pain and the related miRNA phenotypes in patients with lung adenocarcinoma after video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy to identify potential biomarkers. Our prospective study involved a total of 289 patients with early invasive adenocarcinoma undergoing thoracoscopic lobotomy and a follow-up period of 3 months after surgery.