Galectin-1-Induced Tumor Associated Macrophages Repress Antitumor Immunity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through Recruitment of Tregs.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are commonly considered accomplices in tumorigenesis and tumor development. However, the precise mechanism by which tumor cells prompt TAMs to aid in evading immune surveillance remains to be further investigated. Here, it is elucidated that tumor-secreted galectin-1 (Gal1) conferred immunosuppressive properties to TAMs.

Blocking MARCO tumor-associated macrophages improves anti-PD-L1 therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma by promoting the activation of STING-IFN type I pathway.

The PD-L1/PD-1 axis is a classic immunotherapy target. However, anti-PD-L1/PD-1 therapy alone can not achieve satisfactory results in solid tumors, especially liver cancer. Among the several factors involved in tumor anti-PD-L1/PD-1 treatment resistance, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have attracted attention because of their immunosuppressive ability.

Nanosecond pulsed electric field stimulates CD103 DC accumulation in tumor microenvironment via NK-CD103 DC crosstalk.

CD103 DC is crucial for antitumor immune response. As a promising local therapy on cancers, nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) has been widely reported to stimulate anti-tumor immune response, but the underlying relationship between intratumoral CD103 DC and nsPEF treatment remains enigmatic. Here, we focused on the behavior of CD103 DC in response to nsPEF treatment and explored the underlying mechanism.

Correction: Ding et al. Full-Right Full-Left Split Liver Transplantation for Two Adult Recipients: A Single-Center Experience in China. 2023, , 3782.

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Full-Right Full-Left Split Liver Transplantation for Two Adult Recipients: A Single-Center Experience in China.

Background: The most effective treatment for end-stage liver diseases is liver transplantation, which is impeded by the shortage of donor livers. Split liver transplantation (SLT) is important for addressing the donor liver shortage. However, full-right full-left SLT for two adult recipients is globally rarely conducted.

Galectin-1: A Traditionally Immunosuppressive Protein Displays Context-Dependent Capacities.

Galectin-Carbohydrate interactions are indispensable to pathogen recognition and immune response. Galectin-1, a ubiquitously expressed 14-kDa protein with an evolutionarily conserved β-galactoside binding site, translates glycoconjugate recognition into function. That galectin-1 is demonstrated to induce T cell apoptosis has led to substantial attention to the immunosuppressive properties of this protein, such as inducing naive immune cells to suppressive phenotypes, promoting recruitment of immunosuppressing cells as well as impairing functions of cytotoxic leukocytes.

Targeting neuropilin-1 abolishes anti-PD-1-upregulated regulatory T cells and synergizes with 4-1BB agonist for liver cancer treatment.

Background Aims: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are an obstacle to PD-1 blockade-mediated antitumor efficacy. However, the behaviors of Tregs response to anti-PD-1 in HCC and the characteristics of Tregs tissue adaptation from peripheral lymphoid tissues to the tumor are still unclear.

Approach Results: Here, we determine that PD-1 monotherapy potentially augments the accumulation of tumor CD4 + Tregs.

Suppression of flavivirus transmission from animal hosts to mosquitoes with a mosquito-delivered vaccine.

Zoonotic viruses circulate in the natural reservoir and sporadically spill over into human populations, resulting in endemics or pandemics. We previously found that the Chaoyang virus (CYV), an insect-specific flavivirus (ISF), is replication-defective in vertebrate cells. Here, we develope a proof-of-concept mosquito-delivered vaccine to control the Zika virus (ZIKV) within inaccessible wildlife hosts using CYV as the vector.

An Acid-triggered Reactive and Enhanced Fluorescent Probe for Selective Detection of Al/H and its Application in Real Water Samples and Living Cells.

A reactive fluorescent "turn-on" probe (di-PIP) with imine-linked dual phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazole luminophore have been conveniently prepared as an Al and H dual functional receptor. di-PIP displayed high selectivity and sensitivity towards Al ion in DMF/HEPES accompanied by fluorescence blue-shift and a good linear relationship as well as a low detection limit of 30.5 nmol·L, which can root from the synergetic functions of the decomposition reaction of di-PIP promoted by acidic Al and the coordination effect between decomposition product and Al.

What is the best anthropometry index to evaluate the risk of metabolic abnormalities in Chinese adults?

Aims: Obesity, defined by body mass index (BMI), is a heterogeneous condition with varying metabolic manifestations, and the best index for predicting metabolic abnormalities remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the most suitable anthropometry index for predicting metabolic abnormalities in Chinese adults.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using the data obtained from 9517 Chinese adults who underwent physical examination, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and laboratory examinations between March 2018 and March 2022.

Association between fluoride exposure and blood pressure in children and adolescents aged 6 to19 years in the United States: NHANES, 2013-2016.

To examine the association between fluoride exposure and childhood blood pressure (BP), we used data involving 3260 subjects participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2013 to 2016. Both plasma and water fluoride concentrations were measured using the ion-specific electrode. Outcome variables were systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP).

Growth, Antigenicity, and Immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Variants Revealed by a Live rVSV-SARS-CoV-2 Virus.

SARS-CoV-2 is an emerging coronavirus threatening human health and the economy worldwide. As an RNA virus, variants emerge during the pandemic and potentially influence the efficacy of the anti-viral drugs and vaccines. Eight spike variants harboring highly recurrent mutations were selected and introduced into a replication-competent recombinant VSV in place of the original G protein (rVSV-SARS-CoV-2).

Circ_0030235 knockdown protects H9c2 cells against OGD/R-induced injury via regulation of miR-526b.

Backgrounds: Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is the common clinical manifestation of coronary heart disease. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) act key roles in cardiomyocytes growth and angiogenesis. However, their functions in MI are not entirely clear.

Effects of SNPs in SOD2 and SOD3 interacted with fluoride exposure on the susceptibility of dental fluorosis.

A total of 649 children aged 7-13 years of age were recruited in a cross-sectional study in Tongxu County, China (2017) to assess the effects of interaction between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SOD2 and SOD3 gene and fluoride exposure on dental fluorosis (DF) status. Associations between biomarkers and DF status were evaluated. Logistic regression suggested that the risk of DF in children with rs10370 GG genotype and rs5746136 TT genotype was 1.

Fluoride Stimulates Anxiety- and Depression-like Behaviors Associated with SIK2-CRTC1 Signaling Dysfunction.

Using Sprague-Dawley rats and rat PC12 cells treated with sodium fluoride (NaF), we investigated the effects of SIK2-CRTC1 signaling on the neurobehavioral toxicity induced by fluoride. The results demonstrated that NaF treatment induced anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in juvenile rats, resulting in histological and ultrastructural abnormalities in the rat hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex. Moreover, NaF exposure induced neuronal loss and excessive apoptosis.

The Fecal Microbiota of Dogs Switching to a Raw Diet Only Partially Converges to That of Wolves.

The genomic signature of dog domestication reveals adaptation to a starch-rich diet compared with their ancestor wolves. Diet is a key element to shape gut microbial populations in a direct way as well as through coevolution with the host. We investigated the dynamics in the gut microbiota of dogs when shifting from a starch-rich, processed kibble diet to a nature-like raw meat diet, using wolves as a wild reference.

Efficacy and safety of sirolimus early conversion protocol in liver transplant patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: A single-arm, multicenter, prospective study.

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor as an attractive drug target with promising antitumor effects has been widely investigated. High quality clinical trial has been conducted in liver transplant (LT) recipients in Western countries. However, the pertinent studies in Eastern world are paucity.

Optical properties of mountain primary and secondary brown carbon aerosols in summertime.

Brown carbon (BrC) can affect atmospheric radiation due to its strong absorption ability from the near ultraviolet to the visible range, thereby influencing global climate. However, given the complexity of BrC's chemical composition, its optical properties are still poorly understood, especially in mountainous areas. In this study, the black carbon (BC) tracer method is used to explore the light-absorbing properties of primary and secondary BrC at Mount Hua, China during the 2018 summer period.

Upregulation of miR‑126 inhibits podocyte injury in sepsis via EGFL6/DKC1 signaling pathway.

Sepsis‑induced cardiorenal syndrome is one of the multiple organ dysfunctions observed in sepsis. It is determined by a primary dysfunction in one organ that leads to secondary injury to another organ. Studies have shown the involvement of microRNAs (miRs) in the diagnosis and prognosis of several pathologies.

Short Chain (≤C4) Esterification Increases Bioavailability of Rosmarinic Acid and Its Potency to Inhibit Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation.

Rosmarinic acid is a natural phenolic acid and active compound found in many culinary plants, such as rosemary, mint, basil and perilla. Aiming to improve the pharmacokinetic profile of rosmarinic acid and its activity on vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, we generated a series of rosmarinic acid esters with increasing alkyl chain length ranging from C1 to C12. UHPLC-MS/MS analysis of rat blood samples revealed the highest increase in bioavailability of rosmarinic acid, up to 10.

Adult liver transplantation using pediatric donor livers after cardiac or brain death: A report of three cases.

The present study reports on the experience at Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital (Nanchang, China) with liver transplantation in adults using pediatric donor livers, including indications, technique and results. A total of three cases of liver transplantation performed between April 2008 and May 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Liver procurement and trimming, recipient selection, surgical tips, prevention and treatment of small-for-size syndrome, selection of immunosuppressive regimens, prevention and treatment of vascular complications and anticoagulant therapy were discussed.

Two isomeric and distinguishable HS fluorescence probes for monitoring spoilage of eggs and visualizing exogenous and endogenous HS in living cells.

Accurate fabrication of fluorescence probes to efficiently monitor and detect H2S levels in the fields of foodstuffs and physiology is crucial. Herein, we report two isomeric phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazole benzene sulfonamide-derived fluorescence probes (PI-2-SA and PI-4-SA), both of which display remarkable responses toward H2S over other analytes. The spectral characteristics of the two probes were investigated and are discussed in detail.

RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis of breast muscle in Pekin ducks supplemented with the dietary probiotic Clostridium butyricum.

Background: Increased attention is being paid to breast muscle yield and meat quality in the duck breeding industry. Our previous report has demonstrated that dietary Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) can improve meat quality of Pekin ducks.

Salidroside alleviates paraquat-induced rat acute lung injury by repressing TGF-β1 expression.

Objective: This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of salidroside (SDS) via suppressing the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in rat acute lung injury (ALI) induced by paraquat (PQ) and to explore the potential molecular mechanisms.

Methods: A total of 90 male rats (190-210 g) were randomly and evenly divided into 9 groups: control group, PQ groups (4 groups), and PQ + SDS groups (4 groups). The rats in control group were treated with equal volume of saline intraperitoneally.