Itraconazole Reverts ABCB1-Mediated Docetaxel Resistance in Prostate Cancer.

Docetaxel (DTX) was the first chemotherapeutic agent to demonstrate significant efficacy in the treatment of men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. However, response to DTX is generally short-lived, and relapse eventually occurs due to emergence of drug-resistance. We previously established two DTX-resistant prostate cancer cell lines, LNCaP and C4-2B, derived from the androgen-dependent LNCaP cell line, and from the LNCaP lineage-derived androgen-independent C4-2B sub-line, respectively.

Use of cannabis in the treatment of animals: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials.

Cannabis is used in the treatment of several human conditions; however, its use is still less explored in veterinary medicine. This systematic review aims to summarize the evidence of efficacy and safety of the use of cannabis for the treatment of animal disease. A literature search was performed for studies published until 16 March 2021 in five databases.

Introduction of high-fat and very-high-fat diets associated with fructose drink in critical development periods causes cardiovascular damage in rats at the beginning of adult life.

Objectives: Exposure to an obesogenic environment at critical stages of human development may lead to cardiovascular damage during early adulthood, such as left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). The objective of this study is to investigate whether the consumption of diets with different levels of fat associated with fructose drink, introduced to newly weaned rats, leads to cardiovascular damage.

Methods: Male Wistar rats (age 21 d) were divided into the following groups: Control (C group) fed an American Institute of Nutrition 93G diet (16.

Do men and women have different musculoskeletal symptoms at the same musculoskeletal discomfort level?

Owing to biological and social factors, illness-related musculoskeletal symptoms tend to vary between men and women. However, in the past, conceptualised discomfort metrics were applied uniformly to both genders. This study aimed to develop a scale to measure musculoskeletal discomfort that compares the symptoms between men and women.

Magnetic compression anastomosis for the treatment of complete gastric outlet obstruction due to corrosive injury.

Video 1Magnetic compression anastomosis for the treatment of complete gastric outlet obstruction.

Three Generation β-Blockers for Atrial Fibrillation Treatment.

The efficiency of blood flowing from the heart depends on its electrical properties. Myocardial electrical activity is associated with generating cardiac action potentials in isolated myocardial cells and their coordinated propagation, which are mediated by gap junctions. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia which causes an aggressive disturbance in cardiac electromechanical function.

High doses of eugenol cause structural and functional damage to the rat liver.

Eugenol is a phenolic compound found in clove extract and extensively used in traditional medicine. It is unclear whether its intake can cause positive or negative effects on liver morphology and physiology in healthy individuals. Thus, we aimed to evaluate liver parameters of rats treated with 10, 20, and 40 mg kg eugenol.

Seeds of Cucurbita maxima and Carica papaya are effective for controlling monogeneans in the gills of Leporinus macrocephalus.

This study was carried out to evaluate the anthelminthic efficacy of seeds of Cucurbita maxima and Carica papaya for controlling monogeneans in the gills of Leporinus macrocephalus, besides hepatosomatic and splenosomatic index and condition factor of host. The fish were fed with seeds of C. maxima or C.

Efferocytosis of SARS-CoV-2-infected dying cells impairs macrophage anti-inflammatory functions and clearance of apoptotic cells.

COVID-19 is a disease of dysfunctional immune responses, but the mechanisms triggering immunopathogenesis are not established. The functional plasticity of macrophages allows this cell type to promote pathogen elimination and inflammation or suppress inflammation and promote tissue remodeling and injury repair. During an infection, the clearance of dead and dying cells, a process named efferocytosis, can modulate the interplay between these contrasting functions.

Proposal of a new method for the risk scoring and categorization of Brazilian food services.

Risk scores are used worldwide to predict foodborne disease (FBD) outbreaks in the food service industry. This study aims to develop and validate a new method for the calculation of the FBD risk score for the checklist used to categorize food service outlets. The proposed novel method is based on a risk score for each item using a risk matrix (consequence × probability), overcoming the limitations of the previous scoring process used during the World Cup in Brazil, which was based on a factorial analysis.

Physical activity and perceived environment among adults from a city in Southern Brazilian.

The article aimed to verify the association between physical activity (PA) and perceived environment among adults from a city in southern Brazil. This is a population-based cross-sectional study with 820 adults living in the city of Criciúma-SC. Perceived environment was assessed using the Neighborhood Environmental Walkability scale and PA in the leisure and transportation domains using the long version of the International PA Questionnaire.

Evaluation of Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy Guideline Adherence and Risk Factor Control in Portuguese Community Pharmacy Patients.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Assessing the patients' CVD risk, controlling the risk factors, and ensuring the guideline-adherent cardiovascular pharmacotherapy are crucial interventions to improve health outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of pharmacists to improve the adherence to pharmacotherapy guidelines and the achievement of risk factor goals among patients who attended a community pharmacy.

Development, Survival and Reproduction of (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Fed an Artificial Diet or on Cotton, Castor Bean and Corn Leaves.

The polyphagy of (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) renders its control difficult because variations in the phenology of host plants grown in different seasons of the year and near each other can facilitate the movement of this pest between crops. The objective of this work was to examine certain biological characteristics of fed on an artificial diet or on cotton, castor bean, or corn leaves. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with four treatments represented by caterpillars fed an artificial diet (T1) or pieces of cotton (T2), castor bean (T3) or corn (T4) leaves with five replications (five caterpillars per replication).

Improvement of 2,2'-Azobis(2-Methylpropionamidine) Dihydrochloride-Induced Hepatic Redox Imbalance in Swiss Mice and HepG2 Cells by Rutin.

Redox imbalance can lead to irreversible damages to biological functions. In this context, rutin stands out for its antioxidant potential. The objective of this study was to evaluate the acute and chronic effect of rutin on the hepatic redox imbalance.

Testicular alterations in cryptorchid/orchiopexic rats chronically exposed to acrylamide or di-butyl-phthalate.

Exposure of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats to acrylamide (AA) or di-butyl-phthalate (DBP) from the 12th gestational day to the 16th postnatal week (PNW) has been shown to reduce the effectiveness of orchiopexy in recovering the testicular alterations associated with experimental cryptorchidism established at weaning. Herein, we provide information about the long-term effects of AA or DBP on the testes of cryptorchid/orchiopexic rats. Male offspring exposed to 10 mg/kg/day AA or 500 mg/kg/day DBP underwent bilateral surgical cryptorchidism at the 3rd PNW and orchiopexy at the 6th week, with continuous exposure to the chemicals through diet until the 58th week.

RNAi-induced silencing of the succinate dehydrogenase subunits gene in Colletotrichum abscissum, the causal agent of postbloom fruit drop (PFD) in citrus.

The citrus crop is one of the most important culture worldwide, being Brazil the world highest producer of sweet oranges. The challenge for this culture is the constant attack by several pathogens that cause economically losses. Among the fungal diseases the post-bloom fruit drop causes dramatically losses in production, characterized by damages in the blossoms that causes fruit infeasibility and early drop, one of the causal agent is Colletotrichum abscissum.

Development of a mobile application for vancomycin dosing calculation: A useful tool for the rational use of antimicrobials.

Background: Mobile applications (app) provide many benefits for healthcare professionals, making them a useful support clinical decision system.

Objectives: To describe the development of a mobile app, CalcVAN, to calculate vancomycin dosage regimens for adult and pediatric patients.

Methods: This study is a technological production research to develop a mobile app through the rapid prototyping type for the Android system in the Brazilian context.

Application of Proteogenomics to Urine Analysis towards the Identification of Novel Biomarkers of Prostate Cancer: An Exploratory Study.

To identify new protein targets for PCa detection, first, a shotgun discovery experiment was performed to characterize the urinary proteome of PCa patients. This revealed 18 differentially abundant urinary proteins in PCa patients. Second, selected targets were clinically tested by immunoblot, and the soluble E-cadherin fragment was detected for the first time in the urine of PCa patients.

SARS-CoV-2 productively infects primary human immune system cells in vitro and in COVID-19 patients.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is associated with a hyperinflammatory state and lymphocytopenia, a hallmark that appears as both signature and prognosis of disease severity outcome. Although cytokine storm and a sustained inflammatory state are commonly associated with immune cell depletion, it is still unclear whether direct SARS-CoV-2 infection of immune cells could also play a role in this scenario by harboring viral replication. We found that monocytes, as well as both B and T lymphocytes, were susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro, accumulating double-stranded RNA consistent with viral RNA replication and ultimately leading to expressive T cell apoptosis.

Endophytic fungi of Brunfelsia uniflora: isolation, cryopreservation, and determination of enzymatic and antioxidant activity.

Brunfelsia uniflora (Pohl.) D. Don (Solanaceae), commonly known as manacá-de-cheiro, is widely distributed in Brazil and used by local indigenous peoples as an antirheumatic, antisyphilitic, depurative, emetic, vermifuge, and purgative agent.

The Text Mining Technique Applied to the Analysis of Health Interventions to Combat Congenital Syphilis in Brazil: The Case of the "Syphilis No!" Project.

Congenital syphilis (CS) remains a threat to public health worldwide, especially in developing countries. To mitigate the impacts of the CS epidemic, the Brazilian government has developed a national intervention project called "Syphilis No." Thus, among its range of actions is the production of thousands of writings featuring the experiences of research and intervention supporters (RIS) of the project, called field researchers.

Situational factors shape moral judgements in the trolley dilemma in Eastern, Southern and Western countries in a culturally diverse sample.

The study of moral judgements often centres on moral dilemmas in which options consistent with deontological perspectives (that is, emphasizing rules, individual rights and duties) are in conflict with options consistent with utilitarian judgements (that is, following the greater good based on consequences). Greene et al. (2009) showed that psychological and situational factors (for example, the intent of the agent or the presence of physical contact between the agent and the victim) can play an important role in moral dilemma judgements (for example, the trolley problem).

Short-term Obesity Worsens Heart Inflammation and Disrupts Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Function in an Experimental Model of Endotoxemia.

Cardiomyopathy is a well-known complication of sepsis that may deteriorate when accompanied by obesity. To test this hypothesis we fed C57black/6 male mice for 6 week with a high fat diet (60% energy) and submitted them to endotoxemic shock using E. coli LPS (10 mg/kg).