Diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel disease after solid organ transplantation in the era of biologic therapy: a case series.

Introduction: The clinical characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease (dnIBD) diagnosed after solid organ transplant (SOT) are not well-described, particularly since the advent of biologic therapy for treatment of IBD.

Methods: We conducted a single-center, retrospective review of SOT recipients between 2010 and 2022 at the University of Minnesota Medical Center who were diagnosed with IBD after transplant.

Results: Of 89 patients at our center with IBD and a history of SOT, five (5.

Increased risk of adenomatous colon polyps in patients with long-term use of proton pump inhibitors: a single-center retrospective study.

Background: It is unclear whether long-term use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) has a potential carcinogenic effect on the colorectum.

Methods: We reviewed a consecutive series of neurosurgery outpatients who underwent two or more colonoscopies between January 2014 and April 2023. Patients in whom the timing of endoscopy was not in accordance with the guidelines and those without a history of previous endoscopy were excluded.

Modelling the impact and cost-effectiveness of upcoming Zika virus vaccines on congenital Zika syndrome.

Background: Zika virus (ZIKV) continues to circulate in Southeast Asia following the 2015-2016 global epidemic, posing an ongoing risk of importation and disease spread for Singapore, a tropical city-state in the region. The virus remains a threat to pregnant women and their fetuses due to the risk of Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS). Vaccines currently in development offer hope for reducing ZIKV infections and CZS cases.

The Impact of Sinus Surgery for Chronic Rhinosinusitis on Concomitant Depression and Anxiety Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Both anxiety and depression are prevalent among patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and associated with poorer outcomes following treatment for CRS. However, the impact of treatment on CRS on mental health remains uncertain. Therefore, this study seeks to evaluate if surgical intervention for CRS may alleviate comorbid depression and anxiety.

Do Cultural Adaptations Matter? Comparing Caregiver Training in Different Language for Latino Caregivers of Autistic Children: A Telehealth-Based Evaluation.

Culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) families of autistic children face unique challenges in accessing services that are appropriate for their cultures and languages. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the impact of training language on caregiver skill acquisition. Using behavioral skills training (BST) through telehealth, three Latino caregivers whose first language is Spanish were taught to implement two different behavioral protocols with their autistic children.

Superstable lipid vacuoles endow cartilage with its shape and biomechanics.

Conventionally, the size, shape, and biomechanics of cartilages are determined by their voluminous extracellular matrix. By contrast, we found that multiple murine cartilages consist of lipid-filled cells called lipochondrocytes. Despite resembling adipocytes, lipochondrocytes were molecularly distinct and produced lipids exclusively through de novo lipogenesis.

Distinct and interdependent functions of three RING proteins regulate recombination during mammalian meiosis.

During meiosis, each pair of homologous chromosomes becomes connected by at least one crossover, as required for accurate segregation, and adjacent crossovers are widely separated thereby limiting total numbers. In coarsening models, this crossover patterning results from nascent recombination sites competing to accrue a limiting pro-crossover RING-domain protein (COR) that diffuses between synapsed chromosomes. Here, we delineate the localization dynamics of three mammalian CORs in the mouse and determine their interdependencies.

Tenofovir-associated Fanconi syndrome in liver transplant recipients with hepatitis B: A retrospective case series.

Tenofovir-associated Fanconi syndrome (TAFS) is a proximal renal tubule disorder rarely reported in patients after liver transplantation (LT) for hepatitis B (HBV). In a retrospective review of 79 HBV-LT recipients, 8/66 (12.1%) on tenofovir post-LT developed TAFS.

Association between number of functional teeth and physical function among community-dwelling older adults: Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study.

Background: Functional teeth are important for maintaining appropriate masticatory function and nutritional intake, affecting physical function in older adults. This study aimed to evaluate the association between number of functional teeth and physical function in community-dwelling older Korean adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among a total of 2,527 participants (mean age, 76.

AC Plasmas Directly Excited in Liquid-Phase Hydrocarbons for H and Unsaturated C Hydrocarbon Production.

AC plasmas directly excited within liquid hydrocarbons were investigated for the production of hydrogen and unsaturated C hydrocarbon in a recirculating liquid "jet" flow configuration. Arc discharges were excited at two different frequencies (60 Hz and 17.3 kHz) in C-C hydrocarbons (hexane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, and xylene) to produce H, CH, CH, and CH, along with liquid and solid carbon byproducts.

Predicting severe COVID-19 using readily available admission indicators: SpO2/FiO2 ratio, comorbidity index, and gender.

The focus of this study was to identify risk factors for severe and critical COVID-19, evaluate local respiratory immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and develop a prognostic tool for COVID-19 severity using accessible early indicators. Using nasopharyngeal swab samples from hospitalized patients with COVID-19 of varying severity during the first wave of the pandemic from March to May 2020 in Louisiana, we evaluated the association between COVID-19 severity and viral load, respiratory immune mediators, and demographic/clinical factors. We found that the SpO/FiO ratio at triage, total comorbidity burden (represented by Charlson Comorbidity Index), and gender were significantly associated with COVID-19 severity.

Obstetrics and Gynecology Provider Experience Screening for Harmful Alcohol Use: An Unmet Need for Standardized Screening and Intervention.

Introduction Early identification of at-risk alcohol use is key to preventing complications of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN) providers are in a unique position to screen for alcohol use in young female patients who may not otherwise seek traditional primary care. The purpose of this study was to learn how OB/GYN providers screen for and manage harmful alcohol use in their clinical care.

A simplified geriatric prognostic index to survival in older Asian patients with diffuse large B-Cell lymphoma treated with standard chemo-immunotherapy.

While there are many proposed clinical prediction models for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, like the International Prognostic Index (IPI), revised IPI and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network IPI, there is no widely used model for older patients. A recent study proposed a Geriatric Prognostic Index (GPI) validated in a Norwegian cohort, using independent predictors involving demographic, biochemical and functional parameters. This study aims to validate the GPI in an Asian cohort and simplify the GPI for ease of clinical application.

LY-2183240 enhances reward-seeking behavior with inducing neuronal excitation and early apoptosis in mouse.

Cannabinoids interact with cannabinoid receptors, influencing diverse central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral functions, including anxiety, depression, and cognition. CB1 and CB2 receptors modulate signaling cascades via G-protein coupling, with anandamide acting as an endogenous ligand for CB1 receptors. LY-2183240, a putative endocannabinoid transport blocker, elevates brain anandamide levels, showing therapeutic potential in pain management and alcohol-related behaviors.

A Study on the Glucose Breath Test Positivity Rate and Occurrence of Small Intestine Bacterial Overgrowth-Related Symptoms Caused by Long-Term Use of Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) Versus Potassium-Competitive Acid Blocker (P-CAB) in Elderly Patients: SIBO Between PPI and P-CAB.

Long-term acid suppression with proton pump inhibitors (PPI) leads to hypochlorhydria and facilitates the growth of bacterial flora in the small intestine. Novel acid-suppressants called potassium-competitive acid blockers (P-CABs) seem to be superior to PPIs. However, data on the risk of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in patients taking P-CABs are limited.

Aminoglycoside heteroresistance in is driven by the cell envelope stress response.

is a Gram-negative nosocomial pathogen of the ESKAPE (, and spp.) priority group with increasing multi-drug resistance via the acquisition of resistance plasmids. However, can also display forms of antibiotic refractoriness, such as heteroresistance and tolerance.

Developing a battery of physical performance tests to predict functional disability in Japanese older adults: A longitudinal study from the Kasama study.

Aim: Preventing functional disability benefits the quality of life of older adults and mitigates the economic burden of an aging society. However, the most effective physical performance tests and optimal cut points for identifying older adults at risk of functional disability remain unclear, and Japan lacks physical function-based assessment tools. We aimed to identify the physical performance tests related to functional disability and to develop a predictive test battery for it.

Efficacy of a combined exercise and nutrition intervention study for outpatients with possible sarcopenia in community-based primary care clinics (ENdSarC): study protocol for a multicenter single-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Background: Sarcopenia is a geriatric disease characterized by loss of muscle mass and strength. Although combined exercise and nutrition intervention are known to be effective for sarcopenia, clinical trials involving outpatients with sarcopenia in primary care are scarce. We describe a protocol for a trial to examine the effects of a 12-week combined exercise and nutrition intervention in Korean older adults with possible sarcopenia in community-based primary care.

Why do pressure injuries still occur? A multicenter qualitative study of nurses and caregivers.

Background: The frequent occurrence of pressure injuries despite their preventability raises important questions about our understanding of the barriers to care. This study explores the lived experience of nurses and caregivers in Singapore to establish a conceptual framework for better understanding of pressure injuries arising in the community.

Methods: A multicenter qualitative study was conducted utilizing semistructured interviews and focused group discussions of nurses and caregivers of patients with pressure injuries.

Copper-Catalyzed Diamination of Alkenes using -Benzoylhydroxylamines to Access the Four Azaindoline Families.

A mild and efficient method for the copper-catalyzed diamination of alkenes is described. In this reaction, -benzoylhydroxylamine serves as an electrophilic nitrogen source for the regioselective formation of C-N bonds. This transformation provides a novel strategy for synthesizing all four isomeric 2,3-disubstituted azaindoline families and offers a wide substrate scope.

Transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery hysterectomy in patients with body mass index >50: An Asian experience.

We present two cases of patients with body mass index (BMI) >50 undergoing transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (vNOTES) hysterectomy for gynecological indications. Case 1 involves a 52-year-old woman with post-menopausal bleeding and suspicion of ovarian torsion, while case 2 describes a patient with newly diagnosed endometrial adenocarcinoma. Both cases highlight the feasibility and challenges of vNOTES in this patient population.

Psychosocial predictors of return to alcohol use after liver transplant: A multicenter cohort study.

Background: Alcohol use after liver transplant (LT) is associated with higher rates of graft loss and increased mortality; however, there are limited data evaluating predictors of return to alcohol use using biochemical markers like phosphatidylethanol (PEth).

Methods: This multicenter retrospective cohort study evaluated psychosocial predictors of return to alcohol use using PEth testing in patients transplanted for alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). The study included 223 patients at three centers who had received a LT for ALD and had at least one PEth measurement post-LT.

Peanut-specific IgG subclasses as biomarkers of peanut allergy in LEAP study participants.

Antigen-specific IgG2 and IgG3 are rarely measured in food allergy clinical trials despite known function in preventing mast cell and basophil activation. Our objective was to determine whether measuring peanut-specific IgG2 and IgG3 levels would correlate with peanut allergy status. Peanut-specific IgG subclasses were measured via ELISA assays in Learning Early About Peanut allergy (LEAP) trial participants at 5 years of age and were correlated with peanut allergy vs peanut sensitization vs non-peanut allergic and peanut consumption vs peanut avoidance.