Immunogenicity of trivalent DNA vaccine candidate encapsulated in Chitosan-TPP nanoparticles against EV-A71 and CV-A16.

To develop a trivalent DNA vaccine candidate encapsulated in Chitosan-TPP nanoparticles against hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD) and assess its immunogenicity in mice. Trivalent plasmid carrying the VP1 and VP2 genes of EV-A71, VP1 gene of CV-A16 was encapsulated in Chitosan-TPP nanoparticles through ionic gelation. characterization and immunization studies of the CS-TPP-NPs (pIRES-VP121) were performed.

The Development of Epitope-Based Recombinant Protein Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to cause infections and deaths, which are attributable to the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant of concern (VOC). Moderna's response to the declining protective efficacies of current SARS-CoV-2 vaccines against Omicron was to develop a bivalent booster vaccine based on the Spike (S) protein from the Wuhan and Omicron BA.4/BA.

Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on cognition in MCI with Alzheimer's disease risk factors using Bayesian analysis.

Despite the growing interest in precision medicine-based therapies for Alzheimer's disease (AD), little research has been conducted on how individual AD risk factors influence changes in cognitive function following transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). This study evaluates the cognitive effects of sequential tDCS on 63 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, considering AD risk factors such as amyloid-beta deposition, APOE ε4, BDNF polymorphism, and sex. Using both frequentist and Bayesian methods, we assessed the interaction of tDCS with these risk factors on cognitive performance.

Heterogeneous Trajectories in Post-Disaster Drug Use Across Different Race/Ethnicity and Income Strata: Focus on Natural Hazards During COVID-19.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, climate-related natural hazards, such as wildfires, storms/hurricanes, and others (e.g., earthquakes, tornadoes), further disrupted the normal functioning of US residents.

Tunable Doping Strategy for Few-Layer MoS Field-Effect Transistors via NH Plasma Treatment.

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS) is a promising candidate for next-generation transistor channel materials, boasting outstanding electrical properties and ultrathin structure. Conventional ion implantation processes are unsuitable for atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) materials, necessitating nondestructive doping methods. We proposed a novel approach: tunable n-type doping through sulfur vacancies (V) and p-type doping by nitrogen substitution in MoS, controlled by the duration of NH plasma treatment.

Protocol for establishing inducible CRISPRd system for blocking transcription factor-binding sites in human pluripotent stem cells.

Transcription factor (TF) gene knockout or knockdown experiments provide comprehensive downstream effects on gene regulation. However, distinguishing primary direct effects from secondary effects remains challenging. To assess the direct effect of TF binding events, we present a protocol for establishing a doxycycline (Dox)-inducible CRISPRd system in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs).

Prevalence, Implications, and Risk Factors of Traumatic Dural Tears in Thoracic and Lumbar Fractures: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction Spine fracture in association with traumatic dural tear is a serious injury. A traumatic dural tear is difficult to determine based on initial clinical presentation and radiological imaging even with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, during decompression surgery, cerebrospinal fluid leaks surrounding the injured segments are usually confirmed by directly visualizing them.

Impact of Helicobacter pylori eradication on age-specific risk of incident dementia in patients with peptic ulcer disease: a nationwide population-based cohort study.

The impact of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication therapy on dementia risk in high H. pylori prevalence populations remains uncertain.

Heat stress mediated structural and functional change of tetratricopeptide repeat-containing thioredoxin, OsTDX, in Oryza sativa.

Heat stress due to global warming adversely affects plant physiology and metabolism, significantly reducing agricultural productivity. Plants have evolved various adaptive mechanisms to cope with such stresses, involving a range of heat stress-responsive proteins. This study investigates the molecular functions and structural changes of OsTDX (Oryza sativa TPR repeat-containing thioredoxin) in rice under heat stress, focusing on its roles as a disulfide reductase and molecular chaperone.

Genetically- and spatially-defined basolateral amygdala neurons control food consumption and social interaction.

The basolateral amygdala (BLA) contains discrete neuronal circuits that integrate positive or negative emotional information and drive the appropriate innate and learned behaviors. Whether these circuits consist of genetically-identifiable and anatomically segregated neuron types, is poorly understood. Also, our understanding of the response patterns and behavioral spectra of genetically-identifiable BLA neurons is limited.

Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Older People: Comprehensive Review and Multidisciplinary Practice-Based Recommendations.

Managing health care for older adults aged 75 years and older can pose unique challenges stemming from age-related physiological differences and comorbidities, along with elevated risk of delirium, frailty, disability, and polypharmacy. This review is aimed at providing a comprehensive analysis of the management of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in older patients, a demographic substantially underrepresented in major clinical trials. Because older patients often exhibit atypical ACS symptoms, a nuanced diagnostic and risk stratification approach is necessary.

Prediction of Welding Deformation Using the Thermal Elastic-Plastic Finite Element Method by Considering Welding Interpass Temperature.

In this study, we propose a method for predicting welding deformation caused by multi-pass welding using the thermal elastic-plastic finite element method (TEP-FEM) by considering the interpass temperature. This method increases the interpass temperature, which has not been considered in the existing TEP-FEM, from 200 °C to 1000 °C, and simultaneously performs thermal and mechanical analyses. In addition, this method can also evaluate temperature history and the time it takes to weld.

Randomized Comparison of Progression of Atherosclerotic Plaques and Calcification of Coronary Artery in Atrial Fibrillation Patients Treated With Edoxaban Versus Warfarin (The REPRESENT-AF trial).

Although the adverse effects of long-term use of vitamin K oral anticoagulant (OAC), warfarin, on the coronary vasculature are well-established, it remains unknown whether nonvitamin K oral anticoagulants play a role in the attenuation of plaque progression and coronary calcification. This study aimed to compare the changes in atherosclerotic plaques and calcification of the coronary arteries in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) treated with edoxaban and warfarin. A total of 150 OAC-naïve patients with AF and atherosclerotic lesions on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) were enrolled and randomly assigned to the edoxaban or warfarin treatment groups.

Nano-anticoagulant based on carrier-free low molecular weight heparin and octadecylamine with an albumin shuttling effect.

Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), derived from unfractionated heparin (UFH), has enhanced anticoagulant efficacy, long duration of action, and extended half-life. Patients receiving LMWH for preventive therapies would strongly benefit from its long-term effects, however, achieving this is challenging. Here, we design and evaluate a nanoengineered LMWH and octadecylamine conjugate (LMHO) that can act for a long time while maintaining close to 97 ± 3% of LMWH activity via end-specific conjugation of the reducing end of LMWH.

"I Just Assumed This Was Already Being Done": Canadian Patient Preferences for Enhanced Data Sharing for Precision Oncology.

Purpose: In Canada, health data are siloed, slowing bioinnovation and evidence generation for personalized cancer care. Secured data-sharing platforms (SDSPs) can enable data analysis across silos through rapid concatenation across trial and real-world settings and timely researcher access. To motivate patient participation and trust in research, it is critical to ensure that SDSP design and oversight align with patients' values and address their concerns.

Immobilization and Catalytic Conversion of Polysulfide by In-Situ Generated Nickel in Hollow Carbon Fibers for High-Rate Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are considered promising energy-storage systems because of their high theoretical energy density, low cost, and eco-friendliness. However, problems such as the shuttle effect can result in the loss of active materials, poor cyclability, and rapid capacity degradation. The utilization of a structural configuration that enhances electrochemical performance via dual adsorption-catalysis strategies can overcome the limitations of Li-S batteries.

Cancer Incidence Among Residents Near Coal-Fired Power Plants Based on the Korean National Health Insurance System Data.

Background: Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, posing a significant threat to human health and life expectancy. Numerous existing studies explored the correlation between coal-fired power plants and cancer development. Currently, Chungcheongnam-do Province hosts 29 coal-fired power plants, constituting half of the total 58 plants across South Korea.

Nanoscale single-vesicle analysis: High-throughput approaches through AI-enhanced super-resolution image analysis.

The analysis of membrane vesicles at the nanoscale level is crucial for advancing the understanding of intercellular communication and its implications for health and disease. Despite their significance, the nanoscale analysis of vesicles at the single particle level faces challenges owing to their small size and the complexity of biological fluids. This new vesicle analysis tool leverages the single-molecule sensitivity of super-resolution microscopy (SRM) and the high-throughput analysis capability of deep-learning algorithms.

Characterization of high-affinity antibodies against the surface Gc protein of / severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus.

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) or is an emerging pathogen responsible for SFTS. It is considered a novel threat to human health, given the high associated fatality. SFTSV is a segmented negative-strand RNA virus containing three single-stranded RNAs, with the M segment encoding the glycoproteins Gn and Gc.

Prevalence and Characteristics by Age and Sex in Pediatric Trigger Digits: Nationwide Analysis Using Korea Health Insurance Dataset.

Background: Pediatric trigger digit (TD) does not appear at birth but is diagnosed after birth by finding a flexion contracture of the thumb or other fingers. The reported incidence of pediatric TDs varies from 0.5 to 5 cases per 1,000 live births without sex-specific predominance.