Piezo1 and Piezo2 channels in retinal ganglion cells and the impact of Piezo1 stimulation on light-dependent neural activity.

Unlabelled: Piezo channels are associated with neuropathology in diseases like traumatic brain injury and glaucoma, but pathways linking tissue stretch to aberrant neural signaling remain unclear. The present study demonstrates that Piezo1 activation increases action potential frequency in response to light and the spontaneous dark signal from mouse retinal explants. Piezo1 stimulation was sufficient to increase cytoplasmic Ca in soma and neurites, while stretch increased spiking activity in current clamp recordings from of isolated retinal ganglion cells (RGCs).

Increased Purinergic Signaling in Human Dental Pulps With Inflammatory Pain is Sex-Dependent.

An enhanced understanding of neurotransmitter systems contributing to pain transmission aids in drug development, while the identification of biological variables like age and sex helps in the development of personalized pain management and effective clinical trial design. This study identified enhanced expression of purinergic signaling components specifically in painful inflammation, with levels increased more in women as compared to men. Inflammatory dental pain is common and potentially debilitating; as inflammation of the dental pulp can occur with or without pain, it provides a powerful model to examine distinct pain pathways in humans.

Evoked and spontaneous pain assessment during tooth pulp injury.

Injury of the tooth pulp is excruciatingly painful and yet the receptors and neural circuit mechanisms that transmit this form of pain remain poorly defined in both the clinic and preclinical rodent models. Easily quantifiable behavioral assessment in the mouse orofacial area remains a major bottleneck in uncovering molecular mechanisms that govern inflammatory pain in the tooth. In this study we sought to address this problem using the Mouse Grimace Scale and a novel approach to the application of mechanical Von Frey hair stimuli.

Effect of Different Neutralizing Agents on Feldspathic Porcelain Etched by Hydrofluoric Acid.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of neutralizing agents on the shear bond strength of hydrofluoric (HF)-etched porcelain in nonaging and aging conditions.

Subjects And Methods: One hundred and twenty feldspathic porcelain specimens were prepared and divided into six groups to undergo different surface conditioning methods-group 1: control; group 2: HF; group 3: HF + calcium hydroxide; group 4: HF + calcium carbonate; group 5: HF + calcium gluconate; and group 6: HF + ultrasonic. All samples were immersed in 37°C distilled water for 24 h.