Who should get a right colectomy in low-grade appendiceal adenocarcinomas? Association of lymphovascular invasion and nodal metastases.

Background: There is variation in the probability of nodal metastases from low-grade appendiceal adenocarcinomas, and the role of right colectomy is unclear. We aimed to define the prevalence and utility of lymphovascular invasion in predicting the risk of nodal metastases to help stratify patients who may benefit from right hemicolectomy.

Methods: Patients with nonmetastatic low-grade appendiceal adenocarcinomas were identified from the National Cancer Database (2010-2017).

Explainable Machine Learning Model to Preoperatively Predict Postoperative Complications in Inpatients With Cancer Undergoing Major Operations.

Purpose: Preoperative prediction of postoperative complications (PCs) in inpatients with cancer is challenging. We developed an explainable machine learning (ML) model to predict PCs in a heterogenous population of inpatients with cancer undergoing same-hospitalization major operations.

Methods: Consecutive inpatients who underwent same-hospitalization operations from December 2017 to June 2021 at a single institution were retrospectively reviewed.

Outcomes of rectal cancer patients who refuse surgery after incomplete clinical response to neoadjuvant therapy.

Background And Objectives: Total mesorectal excision (TME) remains the standard of care for patients with rectal cancer who have an incomplete response to total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT). A minority of patients will refuse curative intent resection. The aim of this study is to examine the outcomes for these patients.

Long-term pelvic fracture and overall mortality risk after pelvic cancer and pelvic radiation.

Background: The association of pelvic radiation with pelvic fracture risk has not been examined in prospective cohort settings with comprehensive fracture risk assessment, cancer-free comparison populations, and long-term follow-up. Our objective is to better characterize pelvic fracture and overall mortality risks in postmenopausal women participating in the Women's Health Initiative.

Methods: A total of 135 743 Women's Health Initiative participants aged 50 to 79 years enrolled from 40 US clinical centers from 1993 to 1998 who had entry Fracture Risk Assessment Tool scores were eligible.

Sidedness determines clinical characteristics and survival outcomes in medullary adenocarcinoma of the colon.

Colon medullary adenocarcinoma (MAC) is a rare histologic subtype. Clinical presentation and cancer outcomes of MAC, compared to colon adenocarcinoma (AC), remain incompletely described. Annual age-adjusted incidence rates were computed using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (2002-2017).

Local excision and chemoradiation for clinical node-negative anal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Given the lack of consensus in the surgical treatment of anal adenocarcinoma, practice-patterns demonstrate utilization of organ-preserving techniques. The adequacy of local excision compared to abdominoperineal resection (APR) as a surgical approach for stage II disease is unknown. Our study examines the utilization of local excision in the treatment of stage II anal adenocarcinoma, rates of R0 resection, and differences in overall survival compared to APR.

Feasibility of Remote Occupational Therapy Services via Telemedicine in a Breast Cancer Recovery Program.

Importance: Access to perioperative breast surgery occupational therapy services remains limited in remote areas.

Objective: To assess the feasibility and acceptance of occupational therapy services using a "hub-and-spoke" telemedicine model.

Design: Prospective study using videoconferencing to connect the occupational therapist, located at the hub site, with the patient, located at the spoke site.

Metachronous peritoneal metastases following curative resection for colon cancer: Understanding risk factors and patterns of recurrence.

Background: A subset of metachronous colon cancer recurrence manifests as peritoneal metastases (PM). Risk factors for metachronous PM recurrence are not well-defined in patients with stage II or III colon cancers after curative resection and standard adjuvant treatments.

Methods: Population data from the California Cancer Registry for patients with Stage II or III colon cancer were collected between 2004 and 2012.

Feasibility and safety study of a high resolution wide field-of-view scanning endoscope for circumferential intraluminal intestinal imaging.

Global anal cancer incidence is increasing. High resolution anoscopy (HRA) currently screens for anal cancer, although the definitive test remains unknown. To improve on intraluminal imaging of the anal canal, we conducted a first-in-human study to determine feasibility and safety of a high-resolution, wide field-of-view scanning endoscope.

Separation of color channels from conventional colonoscopy images improves deep neural network detection of polyps.

Significance: Colorectal cancer incidence has decreased largely due to detection and removal of polyps. Computer-aided diagnosis development may improve on polyp detection and discrimination.

Aim: To advance detection and discrimination using currently available commercial colonoscopy systems, we developed a deep neural network (DNN) separating the color channels from images acquired under narrow-band imaging (NBI) and white-light endoscopy (WLE).

Time to Adjuvant Radiotherapy in Breast Cancer Affects Survival: Implications for the American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer Quality Metrics.

Background: To optimize breast cancer care, the American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer developed quality measures regarding receipt and timing of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT). Nationwide compliance with these measures and its impact on overall survival (OS) are evaluated herein.

Patients And Methods: Patients (n = 285,291) diagnosed with invasive breast cancer from 2004 to 2012 were identified from the National Cancer Database.

Health-related quality of life and oncologic outcomes after surgery in older adults with colorectal cancer.

Purpose: Data regarding changes in functional status and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) before and after surgery are lacking. We identified colorectal cancer patients from the SEER-Medicare Health Outcomes Survey (MHOS) linked database to evaluate the association between HRQOL and survival.

Methods: HRQOL survey data captured physical/mental health, activities of daily living (ADLs), and medical comorbidities.

Molecular characterization of metaplastic breast carcinoma via next-generation sequencing.

Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) is a rare subtype of breast cancer with variable morphology. MBC is more often triple negative (ER-, PR-, HER2-) and is associated with poorer clinical outcome when compared with infiltrating ductal carcinoma. The purpose of our study is to identify molecular alterations in MBC using next-generation sequencing (NGS), which may aid chemotherapy selection and use of targeted therapy.

Robotic surgery trends in general surgical oncology from the National Inpatient Sample.

Background: Robotic surgery is offered at most major medical institutions. The extent of its use within general surgical oncology, however, is poorly understood. We hypothesized that robotic surgery adoption in surgical oncology is increasing annually, that is occurring in all surgical sites, and all regions of the US.

Elevated risk of human papillomavirus-related second cancers in survivors of anal canal cancer.

Background: Over the last decade, the causal link between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA) has been well described. Because HPV infection in one site is often associated with other sites of infection, it then follows that patients with SCCA may have an increased risk of additional HPV-related cancers. Identifying and targeting at-risk sites through cancer screening and surveillance may help to guide best practices.

A wide field-of-view scanning endoscope for whole anal canal imaging.

We report a novel wide field-of-view (FOV) scanning endoscope, the AnCam, which is based on contact image sensor (CIS) technology used in commercialized business card scanners. The AnCam can capture the whole image of the anal canal within 10 seconds with a resolution of 89 μm, a maximum FOV of 100 mm × 120 mm, and a depth-of-field (DOF) of 0.65 mm at 5.

Survival outcomes of metaplastic breast cancer patients: results from a US population-based analysis.

Background: Metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) is a rare histologic subtype needing further characterization. The aim of our study was to compare MBC to infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast and to identify demographic, clinicopathologic, treatment, and survival differences.

Methods: MBC and IDC patients were identified using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) public-use data set.

Designing liver resections and pushing the envelope with resections for hepatic colorectal metastases.

Current concepts in the management of hepatic metastases have changed dramatically over the past two decades. Multidisciplinary therapies including chemotherapy, surgery, and regional therapy have alone and in combination significantly improved the survival of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Conditions that were previously considered hopeless and treated merely for palliation can now be approached with curative intent.

Changing patterns of anal canal carcinoma in the United States.

Purpose: Persistent human papillomavirus infection is associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCA). With changing sexual behaviors, SCCA incidence and patient demographics may also have changed in recent years.

Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results public-use data set from 1973 to 2009 was analyzed to determine incidence trends for and demographic factors characterizing SCCA.

Primary mFOLFOX6 plus bevacizumab without resection of the primary tumor for patients presenting with surgically unresectable metastatic colon cancer and an intact asymptomatic colon cancer: definitive analysis of NSABP trial C-10.

Purpose: Major concerns surround combining chemotherapy with bevacizumab in patients with colon cancer presenting with an asymptomatic intact primary tumor (IPT) and synchronous yet unresectable metastatic disease. Surgical resection of asymptomatic IPT is controversial.

Patients And Methods: Eligibility for this prospective, multicenter phase II trial included Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0 to 1, asymptomatic IPT, and unresectable metastases.

Krukenberg tumors from colorectal cancer: presentation, treatment and outcomes.

Ovarian metastases from colorectal cancer (CRC), also known as Krukenberg Tumors (KT), occur in about 3 per cent of all colorectal cancer patients and make up between 5 to 10 per cent of all colorectal metastases. We sought to determine the effects of presentation of KT on treatment patterns and outcomes of patients diagnosed with KT. Under institutional approval, 26 patients diagnosed with KT were identified from an institutional CRC database from 1994 to 2010.

Prediction of the adequacy of lymph node retrieval in colon cancer by hospital type.

Background: Examination of 12 or more regional lymph nodes (LNs) is the accepted minimum for nodal staging in colon cancer and serves as a surrogate for adequate resection.

Objective: To determine the contributing role of the hospital in the number of LNs retrieved. Design/

Setting: We retrospectively reviewed colon resections in 83 patients by 2 surgical oncologists at a National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) hospital or at community-based hospitals from January 1, 2002, through December 31, 2007.

Alternating systemic and hepatic artery infusion therapy for resected liver metastases from colorectal cancer: a North Central Cancer Treatment Group (NCCTG)/ National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) phase II intergroup trial, N9945/CI-66.

PURPOSE Prior trials have shown that surgery followed by hepatic artery infusion (HAI) of floxuridine (FUDR) alternating with systemic fluorouracil improves survival rates. Oxaliplatin combined with capecitabine has demonstrated activity in advanced colorectal cancer. Based on this observation a trial was conducted to assess the potential benefit of systemic oxaliplatin and capecitabine alternating with HAI of FUDR.