Case Series of Early Structural Valve Deterioration of Trifecta Bioprosthesis - New Zealand Experience.

Purpose: Structural valve deterioration (SVD) remains a limitation on the use of bioprosthetic valves, with patient and valve-related factors contributing to early SVD. The Trifecta valve has been reported to have excellent hemodynamics but studies have highlighted early failure. We present a review and case series at a New Zealand tertiary hospital defining early SVD as failure within 3 years of implant.

Association between Breastfeeding and Prevalence of Diabetes in Korean Parous Women: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2010-2014.

Background: It is well known that breastfeeding has a significant impact on the health of mothers and children. With the growing importance of breastfeeding, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between breastfeeding and the prevalence of diabetes in Korean parous women.

Methods: The data of 5,448 premenopausal parous women aged 20-49 years who agreed to participate in the 5th- 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed in this study.

Relationship between Marital Status and Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Middle-Aged Women: The Sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2014).

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between marital status and the incidence of metabolic syndrome in Korean middle-aged women.

Methods: Based on data from the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2014), 3,225 women aged 40-69 years were subjected to the analysis. Marital status was categorized as married, unmarried, separated, widowed, or divorced.

The Effects of Weight Control Behaviors among Korean Obese Adults.

Background: This study aimed to identify and examine the effects of weight control behaviors correlated with weight loss in obese individuals who attempted to lose weight within the past year.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data from 9,461 obese individuals were collected from the fifth and sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2014). Three of nine verified methods of weight control suggested in the survey were selected: diet therapy (reduced food intake), exercise therapy (exercise), and medication therapy (prescribed weight loss medications).

Dendritic spine density of prefrontal layer 6 pyramidal neurons in relation to apical dendrite sculpting by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

Prefrontal layer 6 (L6) pyramidal neurons play an important role in the adult control of attention, facilitated by their strong activation by nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. These neurons in mouse association cortex are distinctive morphologically when compared to L6 neurons in primary cortical regions. Roughly equal proportions of the prefrontal L6 neurons have apical dendrites that are "long" (reaching to the pial surface) vs.

Chrna5 genotype determines the long-lasting effects of developmental in vivo nicotine exposure on prefrontal attention circuitry.

Maternal smoking during pregnancy repeatedly exposes the developing fetus to nicotine and is linked with attention deficits in offspring. Corticothalamic neurons within layer VI of the medial prefrontal cortex are potential targets in the disruption of attention circuitry by nicotine, a process termed teratogenesis. These prefrontal layer VI neurons would be likely targets because they are developmentally excited and morphologically sculpted by a population of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) that are sensitive to activation and/or desensitization by nicotine.