Human milk oligosaccharide associated with the firmicutes-to-bacteroidetes ratio among stunted infants in Malang, Indonesia.

Background: Human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) is a unique component of breastmilk. To date, no study has investigated the correlation between HMO and infant nutritional status particularly through the lens of gut microbiota. Therefore, our study aims to investigate the relationships between 2'-Fucosyllactose (2'-FL) in HMO and Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio among stunted infants.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Regarding Dengue Prevention Among Health Volunteers in an Urban Area - Malang, Indonesia.

Objectives: The dengue prevention program known as "One House One Mosquito Larva Inspector" involves health volunteers who play a crucial role in the surveillance of mosquito larvae and reporting their findings to local public health officials. This study aimed to identify factors related to the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of dengue prevention behavior among these health volunteers.

Methods: A study was conducted in 5 sub-districts in Malang, an urban area in Indonesia.

Correlations Among Maternal and Infant Factors, Lead Exposure, and Serum Prolactin Levels During Lactation: A Cross-sectional Study in Indonesia.

Objectives: Prolactin is vital for breastfeeding and milk production, and its secretion is influenced by factors related to the mother, infant, and environment. To date, no study has concurrently investigated the correlation of these factors with serum prolactin levels during lactation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the correlations among maternal and infant factors, lead exposure, and serum prolactin levels during lactation.

The Role of Protein Intake on the Total Milk Protein in Lead-Exposed Lactating Mothers.

Protein is an essential macronutrient for the growth and development of infants. Protein levels in lactating mothers are dynamic and influenced by various factors, particularly the environment and maternal characteristics. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the complex correlation between maternal blood lead levels (BLLs), maternal diet, and total milk protein.

The struggle of nurses in initial trauma emergency care in challenging geographic areas of Indonesia: A phenomenology.

Background: East Sumba Regency is dominated by hills, mountains, and damaged road conditions, which increases the prevalence of accidents that result in trauma. The initial management of trauma patients by puskesmas nurses has several obstacles that cause delays in the treatment process; consequently, the safety of patients becomes a serious problem. This study is aimed to explore nurses' experience in managing early trauma emergencies.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA Increases Vitamin D Receptor mRNA Expression and the Production of Nitric Oxide and Cathelicidin in Human Monocytes.

Background: The innate immune response to tuberculosis infection may involve the increased production of nitric oxide and cathelicidin due to the up-regulated expression of the vitamin D receptor (VDR), though this proposed mechanism remains controversial. The aim of this study was to determine how the exposure of human monocytes to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) DNA affects the production of nitric oxide and cathelicidin, as well as the expression of VDR.