Adipose stem cell exosomes promote mitochondrial autophagy through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway to alleviate keloids.

Background: Fibrosis with unrelieved chronic inflammation is an important pathological change in keloids. Mitochondrial autophagy plays a crucial role in reducing inflammation and inhibiting fibrosis. Adipose stem cell-derived exosomes, a product of adipose stem cell paracrine secretion, have pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects, and mediate autophagy.